1、 CEN EN*ISO*7!7- LO 95 3404589 OLlbb39 72T General methods of test for pigments and extenders Part 10. Determinatlon of density - Pyknometer method BS EN IS0 787-10 : 1995 I ? CEN EN*ISO*787- LO 95 m 3404589 OLLbb40 441 m I BS3483:PartB8: 1993 National foreword This hart of BS 3483 has been prepared
2、 under the direction of the Surface Treatments and Coatings Standards Policy Committee. It is identical with IS0 787- 10 : 1993 General methods of test for pagmen.ts and ertenrlers Par 10 : Detemzimtion of density - Pyknometer method, published by the International Organization for Standardization (
3、ISO). In 1905 the European Committee for Standadkation (CEN) accepted IS0 787-10 : 1993 Eurpan standard EN Is0 787-10 : 1%. As a consequence of implementing the European Standard this Briljsh Standard is renumbered as BS EN Is0 787-10 and any reference to Bs 3483 : Part i38 should be read as a refer
4、ence to BS EN Is0 787-10 This edition supersedes BS 3483 : Part B8 : 1982 which is withdrawn. The main differences between E3S 3483 : - A B8 : 1982 and this standard are: a) reduced test times for both methods; b) introduction of a clause limiting the difference in duplicate results. Cross-reference
5、s International standard Corresponding British Standard IS0 842 : 1984 BS 4726 : 1986 Methods for sampling raw rnateriukfo?. paints and varnishes (Identical) The Whnical Committee has reviewed the provisions of IS0 565, to which normative reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are
6、acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related British Standard is ES 410 :;1986 Specificatwn.fm test sieves. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. -i E“ EN*IS0*787- LO 95 = 3404589 OLLbb4L 388 D EN IS0 787-10 August 1995 ICC 8
7、7.060.10 lkscriptors: Paints, pignienis, extendes, lests. density rncasurement, pyknometric analysis English version General methods of test for pigments and extenders - Part 10: Determination of density Pyknometer method (IS0 787-10 : 1993) Mthodes gnrales dessai des pigments et matires de charge-
8、Partie 10 Dtermination de la masse volumique - Mthode utilisant un pyconmtre (IS0 787-10 : 1993) Allgemeine Prfverfahren fr Pigmente und Fullstoffe-Teil 10 Fkstxnm . ung der Dichte - Pyknometewerfahren (IS0 787-10 1993) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19950323. CEN members are hound to
9、 comply with the CENKENELEC internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for gimg this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central S
10、ecretariat or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three officiai versions (English, French. German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibiity of a CEN member into its own language and notied to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the offic
11、ial versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Erance, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Cbmmittee for Standardization Comit Eyropen de N
12、ormalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Centrai Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 1995 Ali nghts of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means =wed in ali countries to CEN and its members M No. EN Is0 787-10 : 1995 E i- A Page 2 EN IS0 787-10 : 1995 Foreword The
13、 text of the internationai Standard from ISC 35, Paints and varnishes, of the htmational Organization for Standardization OSO) has been taken over as a European Standard by the Technicai Committee CENm 298, Pigments and extenders. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standa
14、rd, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 1996, and conflicting national standards shaii be withdrawn at he latest by February 1996. According to CENKENELEC intemai Regulations, ihe following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: A
15、ustria, Begium, Denmark, FinLand, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Itaiy, Luxembourg, Netheriands, Norway, Pomigal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the UNted Kingdom CEN EN*IS0*787- LO 95 3404589 OLLbb43 150 D BS 3483 : Part B8 : 1993 Contents National foreword Inside front page Committees
16、responsible Back page Method 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 3 Preliminary considerations 4 Sampling 5 Method A 6 Method B 7 Expression of results 8 Test report ible 1 Density of water at different temperatures 5 Figures 1 Pyknometer, Gay-Lussac type 2 2 Vacuum apparatus 4 CEN ENxISOx787- 10 95 m 3
17、404589 0311bb44 097 - _- - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 787-10:1993() General methods of test for pigments and extenders - Part IO: Determination of density - Pyknometer method 1 Scope This part of IS0 787 specifies general methods of test for determining the density of a sample of pigment or extender
18、, using a pyknometer. IS0 787-23:1979, General methods of test for pig- ments and extenders - Part 23: Determination of density (using a centrifuge to remove entrained air). specifies a general method using a centrifuge to re- move trapped air. NOTE i The general methods given in the various parts o
19、f IS0 787 are usually applicable to any pigment or extender. Thus only a cross-reference to the appropriate part of IS0 787 needs to be included in the International Standard giving the specification for that pigment or extender, indicating any detailed modification that may be needed in view of the
20、 special properties of the material in question. Only when the general methods are not applicable to a particular material is a different method for determi- nation of density to be specified. IS0 842:1984, Raw materials for paints and varnishes - Sampling. 3 Preliminary considerations 3.1 Displacem
21、ent liquid 3.1.1 A liquid shall be selected in which the material to be tested is insoluble and which has good wetting properties and a low evaporation rate under a vacuum. A high-boiling aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent with 3 final boiling point over 170 “C is normally suitable. NOTE 2 wetting agent
22、is also suitable. In addition to organic liquids, water with adda1 3.1.2 Particular care is necessary in the selection of the liquid if carbon black is to be examined. The liquid selected shall have particularly good wetting proper- ties for carbon black. NOTE 3 Carbon tetrachloride has been found s
23、uitable 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IS0 787. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on thi
24、s part of IS0 787 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IS0 565:1990, Test sie,ves - Metal wie cloth, per- forated metal plate and elec
25、troformed sheet - Nom- inal sizes of openings. 3.2 Temperature of the determination The temperature at which the determination is carried out significantly affects the density of the displace- ment liquid used, but not that of the material tested. In order that the determination may be carried out c
26、onveniently in the laboratory, the temperature of the determination shall be at least 5 OC above laboratory temperature. 4 Sampling Take a representative sample of the material to be tested, as described in IS0 842. 1 IS0 787-10:1993(E) 5 MethodA 5.1 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and glass
27、ware, together with the following. 5.1.1 Pyknometer, Gay-Lussac type, of capacity 25 ml or 50 ml, with a stopper and loose-fitting cap (see figure 1) or other suitable type of pyknometer. 5.1.2.1 Vacuum desiccator, fitted with a two-hole stopper. A glass tube with a three-way stopcock shall pass thr
28、ough one hole of the stopper and connect the desiccator to the vacuum pump (5.1.2.21, and the stem of a dropping funnel shall pass through the other hole of the stopper. 5.1.2.2 Vacuum pump, or other apparatus, capable of reducing the pressure to less than 2 kPa“. 5.1.3 Water bath, thermostatically
29、controlled, capa- ble of being maintained to within i- 0,l “C at a tem- perature within the range 25 “C to 30 “C (or at an agreed test temperature outside this range). 5.1.4 Sieve, with a nominal mesh aperture of 500 pm, complying with the requirements of IS0 565. f: 5.1.5 Batance, accurate to 1 mg
30、or better. 5.2 Determination Carry out the determination in duplicate. Figure 1 - Pyknometer, Gay-Lussac type 5.1.2 Vacuum apparatus, comprising the items described in 5.1.2.1 and 5.1.2.2. NOTE 4 Other types of vacuum apparatus of suitable design may be used, in which case the procedure described in
31、 5.2.3 may need to be modified. 5.2.1 Volume of pyknometer 5.2.1.1 Clean and dry the pyknometer (5.1.1 1, and its stopper and cap. Fill the pyknometer with the dis- placement liquid (see 3.1) and, after allowing it to at- tain the temperature of the water bath (5.1.3) as described in 5.2.3.3, insert
32、 the stopper, wipe the ex- cess liquid from the outside of the stopper, attach the cap and wipe the pyknometer dry. Transfer the pyknometer and the cap to the case of the balance (5.151, allow to stand for 15 min and weigh to the nearest 1 mg. NOTE 5 If the density of the displacement liquid is al-
33、ready known (for example from previous determinations), it is unnecessary to weigh the pyknometer filled with the displacement liquid. f ; 5.2.1.2 Finally empty, clean and dry the pyknometer, stopper and cap, and fill with distilled water. Repeat the procedure described in 5.2.1.1. NOTE 6 If the qua
34、ntity of water that fills a pyknometer has already been determined several times, it is unnecess- ary to repeat the determination every time the pyknometer is used. 5.2.2 Preparation of sample Thoroughly mix the sample and pass a sufficient quantity (see 5.2.3.1 1 of it through the sieve (5.1.4). Dr
35、y by heating it at (105 I 2) “C for 2 h and allow to cool to room temperature in a desiccator. f L. 1) 1 kPa = lombar 2 For materials which decompose when dried under the conditions stated, a temperature and time shall be selected that avoid decomposition. 5.2.3 Procedure 5.2.3.1 Wash and dry the py
36、knometer, stopper and cap, and weigh to the nearest 1 mg. lntroduce into the pyknometer, by means of a dry funnel, a suitable quantity of the dried sample (1 g to 10 g when a 25 ml pyknometer is used, or 2 g to 20 g when a 50 ml pyknometer is used, depending on the density) so that the pyknometer is
37、 not more than half-filled. Reweigh the stoppered pyknometer and cap. 5.2.3.2 Place the pyknometer containing the test portion in the vacuum desiccator (5.1.2.1) and position the dropping funnel so that the stem of the funnel extends into the pyknometer. Close the stopcock of the dropping funnel and
38、 the tnree-way stopcock con- necting the desiccator to the vacuum pump (5.1.2.21, start the pump and gradually open the three-way stopcock to the pump. Fill the dropping funnel with the displacement liquid (see 3.1) and, 15 min after the pressure in the desiccator has been reduced to less than 2 kPa
39、, close the three-way stopcock and gradually open the stopcock of the funnel to add slowly the displacement liquid until the surface of the liquid is about 15 mm above the surface of the test portion. Close the stopcock of the funnel and re-open the three-way stopcock to the pump, taking care to avo
40、id losses by suction. Allow the pyknometer to remain in the desiccator under reduced pressure (not greater than 2 kPa) for about 4 h or until no air bubbles are visible in the liquid. Tap the desiccator occasionally to assist in removing trapped air. Stop the pump and gradually open the three-way st
41、opcock to admit air into the desiccator until atmospheric -pressure is restored. 5.2.3.3 Remove the pyknometer from the desiccator, fill it completely with the displacement liquid and place it in the water bath (5.1.3) maintained at the selected test temperature to within f 0,l “C (see 3.2). Allow t
42、he pyknometer to remain in the bath for at least 30 min in order to allow the pyknometer to reach the temperature of the bath and then care- fully insert the stopper so that the liquid just fills the capillary. Wipe the excess liquid from the outside of the stopper. Remove the pyknometer from the ba
43、th, attach the cap and carefully wipe the pyknometer dry. Transfer the pyknometer and cap to the case of the balance (5.1.51, allow to stand for 15 min and weigh to the nearest 1 mg. 5.2.3.4 If the difference between the duplicate re- sults is greater than 0.03 g/ml, repeat the determi- nation. 6 Me
44、thod B 6.1 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following. 6.1.1 The apparatus specified in 5.1, except for the vacuum desiccator (5.1.2.1). 6.1.2 Vacuum apparatus, as shown in figure2, with a glass tube into which the stem of a dropping funnel shall be sealed, th
45、e seal being strong enough to withstand the manipulation of the funnel and the applied vacuum. The glass tube shall have the same interior diameter as the neck of the pyknometer. The stem of the dropping funnel shall be approximately 10 mm longer than the part of the glass tube leading to the pyknom
46、eter. The pyknometer shall be con- nected to the glass tube by a rubber tube in such a way that the stem of the dropping funnel projects into the neck of the pyknometer and a gap of approxi- mately 4 mm remains between the neck of the pyknometer and the wall of the glass tube, allowing the pyknomete
47、r to be shaken. 6.2 Determination Carry out the determination in duplicate 6.2.1 Volume of pyknometer Determine the volume of the pyknometer as de- scribed in 5.2.1. 6.2.2 Preparation Prepare the sample 6.2.3 Procedure of the sample as described in 5.2.2. 6.2.3.1 Carry out the operations described i
48、n 5.2.3.1. 3 IS0 787-1 O: 1993( E) Dropping funnel Pyknometer X Air inlet w - To vacuum line Figure 2 - Vacuum apparatus 6.2.3.2 Attach the pyknometer to the vacuum ap- paratus described in 6.1.2, start the vacuum pump (5.1.2.21, and slowly close the air inlet stopcock and reduce the pressure to les
49、s than 2 kPa. Maintain the pressure at this level for 15 min and then carefully open the stopcock af the dropping funnel previously filled with the displacement liquid. Slowly add the displacement liquid until the surface of the liquid is about 15 mm above the surface of the test portion. Close the stopcock of the funnel and maintain the vacuum until no further air bubbles es- cape from the wetted test portion. Carefully shake the pyknometer to assist in removing trapped air. 6.2.3.3 Gradually open the air inlet stopcock
