1、BS EN ISO9073-9:2008ICS 59.080.30,NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDTextiles Testmethods fornonwovensPart 9: Determination of drapabilityincluding drape coefficient (ISO9073-9:2008)This British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandar
2、ds Policy andStrategy Committee on 30November 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 55041 6Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 9073-9:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 9073-9:2008.It supersedes BS EN ISO 9073-9:1998 and which is with
3、drawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contra
4、ct. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 9073-9April 2008ICS 59.080.30 Supersedes EN ISO 9073-9:1998 English VersionTextiles - Test methods for nonwovens
5、 - Part 9: Determination ofdrapability including drape coefficient (ISO 9073-9:2008)Textiles - Mthodes dessai pour nontisss - Partie 9:Dtermination du drap et du coefficient de drap (ISO9073-9:2008)Textilien - Prfverfahren fr Vliesstoffe - Teil 9: Bewertungdes textilen Falls einschlielich des Fallko
6、effizienten (ISO9073-9:2008)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 March 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists
7、 and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsi
8、bility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
9、 Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart
10、, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 9073-9:2008: EBS EN ISO 9073-9:2008EN ISO 9073-9:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 9073-9:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38
11、“Textiles“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 200
12、8, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights
13、. This document supersedes EN ISO 9073-9:1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germ
14、any, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 9073-9:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 9073-9:2008
15、without any modification. BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008ISO 9073-9:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 2 5 Apparatus 3 6 Sampling 4 7 Preparation and conditioning of test specimens 5
16、 8 Preliminary procedures 5 9 Method A, using rings of paper. 6 10 Method B, using image processing technology 7 11 Precision 12 BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008ISO 9073-9:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of natio
17、nal standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internati
18、onal organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rul
19、es given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at
20、least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 9073-9 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC
21、 38, Textiles. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9073-9:1995), which has been technically revised. ISO 9073 consists of the following parts, under the general title Textiles Test methods for nonwovens: Part 1: Determination of mass per unit area Part 2: Determination of
22、 thickness Part 3: Determination of tensile strength and elongation Part 4: Determination of tear resistance Part 5: Resistance to mechanical penetration (ball burst procedure)1) Part 6: Absorption Part 7: Determination of bending length Part 8: Determination of liquid strike-through time (simulated
23、 urine) Part 9: Determination of drapability including drape coefficient Part 10: Lint and other particles generation in the dry state Part 11: Run-off Part 12: Demand absorbency Part 13: Repeated liquid strike-through time 1) To be published. BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008ISO 9073-9:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rig
24、hts reserved v Part 14: Coverstock wetback Part 15: Determination of air permeability Part 16: Determination of resistance to penetration by water (hydrostatic pressure) Part 17: Determination of water penetration (spray impact) Part 18: Determination of breaking strength and elongation of nonwoven
25、materials using the grab tensile test BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008ISO 9073-9:2008(E) vi ISO 2008 All rights reservedIntroduction This part of ISO 9073 is a revision of the current drape evaluation method, ISO 9073-9:1995, Textiles Test methods for nonwovens Part 9: Determination of drape coefficient. With
26、a conventional method using rings of paper, some manual operations of an expert, such as contour marking, mark cutting, weighting and comparing of weights are necessary. With this new proposed method using image processing technology with a digital camera, various drapability parameters can be easil
27、y obtained through simple and automatic operations. For the determination of drape coefficient, both the conventional method and the automatic method are available. Additionally, using the automatic method, drape shape parameters and statistical information, including drape wave amplitude, wavelengt
28、h and number of nodes, can be quantitatively obtained from a captured image. For automatic evaluation, some attachments to the conventional drape tester are needed and they include a frame and a stand for supporting the digital camera. BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9073-9:2008(E) I
29、SO 2008 All rights reserved 1Textiles Test methods for nonwovens Part 9: Determination of drapability including drape coefficient 1 Scope This part of ISO 9073 specifies a test method that is used to determine the drape coefficient of fabrics (nonwovens, wovens and knitted fabrics). SI values are re
30、garded as the official standard system of measurement for this standard test method. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of t
31、he referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 139:2005, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 186:2002, Paper and board Sampling to determine average quality 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply
32、. 3.1 drapability ability of a circular specimen of fabric of known size to deform when suspended under specified conditions 3.2 node number one of the drape shape parameters expressed in the number of drape waves/folds 3.3 wave amplitude one of the drape shape parameters indicating the size (in cen
33、timetres) of the most dominant drape waves/folds 3.4 wavelength one of the drape shape parameters indicating the wavelength of the most dominant drape waves/folds expressed in degrees of a circle (0 to 360) 3.5 minimum amplitude one of the statistics indicating the smallest size of drape wave/folds
34、present, expressed in centimetres BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008ISO 9073-9:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.6 maximum amplitude one of the statistics indicating the largest size of drape wave/folds present, expressed in centimetres 3.7 average amplitude one of the statistics indicating the mean drape
35、wave/folds present, expressed in centimetres 3.8 variance one of the statistics indicating the distribution of the drape wave/folds amplitude, expressed in centimetres 3.9 Fourier transform/original and dominant/original the three fitness factors to verify the fit of the Fourier transformation and t
36、o determine the dominant wave, expressed as percentages 3.10 coefficient of drapability drape coefficient ratio between the area of the projected shadow of the draped specimen, expressed as a percentage, and the area of the undraped (flat) specimen 4 Principle The circular specimen of the fabric bei
37、ng tested is held horizontally between smaller concentric discs, and the exterior ring of fabric is allowed to drape into folds around the lower supporting disc. Both of the following evaluation methods are available in this procedure and are listed as methods A and B. Method A, using rings of paper
38、 The shadow of the draped specimen is cast from below onto a ring of paper of known mass and of the same size as the unsupported part of the test specimen. The outline of the shadow is traced onto the ring of paper and the paper is then cut along the trace of the shadow. The drape coefficient is the
39、 mass of that part of the paper ring representing the shadow, expressed as a percentage of the mass of the whole paper ring. Method B, using image processing technology The shadow of the draped specimen is cast from below onto a white sheeting covering the top translucent lid and centre-plates. Deta
40、iled quantitative information on the drapability of the test specimen is obtained from digital images captured with a commercial digital camera (or a scanner) after cutting the paper around its shadow contour. The captured images, initially having grey levels, are transformed into monochrome images
41、through noise filtering and thresholding. The two-dimensional monochrome images of draped shadows described above are firstly transformed into polar (, r) coordinates as shown in Figure 1, where the X-axis from 0 to 360 is the angle, in degrees, from the baseline passing through the centre of the ci
42、rcle, and r (Y-axis) is the amplitude, in centimetres. The shape parameters of a two-dimensional geometric drape model defined as the number of nodes (waves or folds), the positions of nodes, wavelength and amplitude data and various statistical information, can then be obtained using image processi
43、ng technology and frequency analysis as well as the traditional drape coefficient. A three-dimensional drape shape can be regenerated from its captured two-dimensional drape images, with a three-dimensional simulator. BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008ISO 9073-9:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3Figure 1 Sam
44、ple of the software printout 5 Apparatus 5.1 Apparatus for methods A and B 5.1.1 Drape meter. This comprises a box-like apparatus with a translucent lid, see Figure 2, two horizontal discs, 18 cm in diameter, between which the test specimen is held, the lower disc having a central locating pin, a po
45、int source of light, positioned centrally beneath the discs and at the focus of a concave parabolic mirror which reflects parallel light vertically past the discs onto the lid of the instrument, and a centre-plate on the apparatus lid to locate the paper ring (or a white sheeting material with a hig
46、h thread count). 5.1.2 Three circular templates, with diameters of 24 cm, 30 cm and 36 cm, respectively, adapted to facilitate marking the centre of the test specimen. 5.1.3 Stopwatch. 5.2 Supplementary apparatus for method A 5.2.1 Rings of translucent paper, with an internal diameter of 18 cm and a
47、n external diameter of 24 cm, 30 cm and 36 cm, respectively. 5.2.2 Balance, capable of determining the mass to an accuracy of 0,01 g. 5.3 Supplementary apparatus for method B 5.3.1 A frame cover and a support stand, used to attach the digital camera to the testing equipment. The stand is equipped wi
48、th an 80 cm high support to hold the digital camera just above the centre of the cover plate on the test equipment. BS EN ISO 9073-9:2008ISO 9073-9:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved5.3.2 Digital camera, supporting a direct (or USB) communication with the PC and capable of capturing images of te
49、st fabrics digitally. 5.3.3 Evaluation software, operated with Windows 98or a more recent version. This software is capable of viewing the fabric shadow on the white sheet which is laid on the machines top surface and then capturing and producing a three-dimensional image while transforming it into a monochrome image and automatically searching the contour of the image. This software calculates the Fourier transformation and determines the drape shape parameters while showi
