1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 10545-16:2012Ceramic tilesPart 16: Determination of small colourdifferences (ISO 10545-16:2010)BS EN ISO 10545-16:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Sta
2、ndard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 10545-16:2012. It is identical to ISO 10545-16:2010. It supersedes BS EN ISO 10545-16:2000, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l C o m m i t t e e B / 5 3 9 , C e r a m i c t i l e s a n d o t h e r r i
3、 g i d t i l i n g .A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012Publ
4、ished by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75579 8 ICS 91.100.23 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2012.Amendments issued since pub
5、licationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10545-16 February 2012 ICS 91.100.23 Supersedes EN ISO 10545-16:2000English Version Ceramic tiles - Part 16: Determination of small colour differences (ISO 10545-16:2010) Carreaux et dalles cramiques - Parti
6、e 16: Dtermination de faibles diffrences de couleur (ISO 10545-16:2010) Keramische Fliesen und Platten - Teil 16: Bestimmung kleiner Farbabweichungen (ISO 10545-16:2010) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 January 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regul
7、ations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN membe
8、r. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CE
9、N members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
10、Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN
11、 national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10545-16:2012: EBS EN ISO 10545-16:2012 EN ISO 10545-16:2012 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 10545-16:2010 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189 “Ceramic tile” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN IS
12、O 10545-16:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 67 “Ceramic tiles” the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2012, and conflicting national stan
13、dards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO
14、 10545-16:2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
15、Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10545-16:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 10545-16:2012 without an
16、y modification. BS EN ISO 10545-16:2012ISO 10545-16:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried
17、out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
18、collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Internationa
19、l Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the eleme
20、nts of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10545-16 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tile. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10545-16:1999), 3.5 an
21、d 7.2 of which have been technically revised. ISO 10545 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ceramic tiles: Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent rel
22、ative density and bulk density Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of restitution Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles Part 7: Determination of resistance to surf
23、ace abrasion for glazed tiles Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion Part 11: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles Part 12: Determination of frost resistance Part 13: Determin
24、ation of chemical resistance Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains Part 15: Determination of lead and cadmium given off by glazed tiles Part 16: Determination of small colour differences BS EN ISO 10545-16:2012BS EN ISO 10545-16:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10545-16:2010(E) ISO 2010 All r
25、ights reserved 1Ceramic tiles Part 16: Determination of small colour differences 1 Scope This part of ISO 10545 describes a method for utilizing colour measuring instruments for quantifying the small colour differences between plain coloured ceramic tiles, which are designed to be of uniform and con
26、sistent colour. It permits the specification of a maximum acceptable value, which depends only on the closeness of match and not on the nature of the colour difference. This part of ISO 10545 is not applicable to colour variations produced for artistic purposes. NOTE This test is applicable only whe
27、n small colour differences between plain coloured tiles are important in a specification or by agreement. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, th
28、e latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 105-J03:2009, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part J03: Calculation of colour differences CIE 015:2004, Colorimetry 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions ap
29、ply. 3.1 chroma attribute of colour that is defined as deviation from grey of the same lightness NOTE The more a colour deviates from grey, the higher the chroma. 3.2 lightness parameter that relates the colour to a continuous grey scale between white and black BS EN ISO 10545-16:2012ISO 10545-16:20
30、10(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.3 CIE 1976 L*a*b* value CIELAB value value calculated from the measured spectral reflectance curves given in CIE 015:2004 NOTE 1 CIE stands for “Commission internationale de lclairage”1). NOTE 2 For more information about spectral reflectance curves, see ISO 236
31、03/CIE S 012. More details on the CIE 1976 L*a*b* colour space can be found in ISO 11664-4/CIE S 014. 3.4 CMC colour difference Ecmcset of colour difference equations utilizing CIELAB (L*, C*ab, H*ab) values, calculated between a test specimen and a reference standard, to determine the ellipsoidal b
32、oundary containing all colours which would be visually acceptable when compared to the reference standard NOTE CMC stands for the Colour Measurement Committee2). 3.5 commercial factor cf measurement of the tolerance agreed on by all parties or those commonly utilized in the tile industry for determi
33、ning the acceptability of the colour difference, Ecmc4 Principle Colorimetric measurements are made on reference standard tiles and a test specimen of tiles of the same colour and the differences are calculated. The calculated CMC colour difference, Ecmc, of a test specimen is compared to a referenc
34、e value, using a previously agreed-on commercial factor (cf) or the cf commonly used in the tile industry, to determine the acceptability of the colour match. NOTE 1 Colorimetry describes a measure of colour difference, not appearance difference. Calculations are only valid when the reference and te
35、st specimens have essentially the same gloss and texture. NOTE 2 It is intended that, on revision, ISO 13006 will include commercial factors of 0,75 for glazed tiles and 1,0 for unglazed tiles. 5 Test equipment The instrument used for colour measurement shall be either a reflectance spectrophotomete
36、r or a tristimulus colorimeter. The instrument geometry shall conform to one of the four sets of illuminating and viewing conditions specified by the CIE. The instrument geometries are identified by the convention: illuminating geometry/viewing geometry. The four accepted instrument geometries with
37、their abbreviations are 45/normal (45/0), normal/45 (0/45), diffuse/normal (d/0) and normal/diffuse (0/d). If a diffuse geometry (d/0 or 0/d) instrument is used, the specular component of reflectance shall be included in the measurement. The angle between the sample normal and the illuminating beam
38、in 0/d geometry and the angle between the sample normal and the viewing beam in d/0 geometry shall not exceed 10. 1) Commission internationale de lclairage (International Commission on Illumination), Central Bureau, Kegelgasse 27, 1030 Vienna, Austria. 2) Colour Measurement Committee, The Society of
39、 Dyers and Colourists, Perkin House, 82 Grattan Road, Bradford BD1 2LU, United Kingdom. BS EN ISO 10545-16:2012ISO 10545-16:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 36 Procedure 6.1 Test specimens 6.1.1 Reference specimen To avoid the phenomenon of metamerism, select a batch of tiles containing the same
40、 pigments, or combination of pigments as samples submitted for testing. The reference sampling shall comprise at least five tiles. However, a smaller number of reference tiles may be used, but they shall represent a homogeneous batch. 6.1.2 Test specimen Statistical methods shall be used to determin
41、e the number of randomly selected tiles which are representative, but the number shall never be less than five. 6.1.3 Preparation Clean the surface to be measured for colour with a cloth dipped in laboratory-grade isopropanol, followed by drying with a lint-free, dry cloth or paper tissue which does
42、 not contain fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs). 6.2 Test procedure Operate the instrument in accordance with the instructions supplied by the manufacturer, allowing specified warm-up time. Prepare the test and reference standard tiles as outlined in 6.1.3. Take alternate readings of the reference
43、specimen and the test specimen in quick succession, until a total of three readings has been made on each tile. Record them and use the average of the three measurements for each tile as the values for use in calculating the colour difference. 7 Calculations and interpretation of results 7.1 Calcula
44、tions 7.1.1 CIELAB values 7.1.1.1 Calculation of CIELAB values Calculate the CIELAB values L*, a*, b*, C*aband H*abfrom the X, Y and Z values for each specimen, using the equations given in ISO 105-J03. Daylight illuminant (D65) and 10 observer shall be used. 7.1.1.2 Calculation of CIELAB colour dif
45、ference values Calculate the CIELAB colour difference values L*, a*, b*, C*ab, and H*abusing the equations given in ISO 105-J03. 7.1.2 Calculation of component CMC colour differences Calculate the component CMC colour differences, Lcmc, Ccmcand Hcmc, of the reference specimens and test specimens, fo
46、llowing the procedure given in ISO 105-J03. 7.1.3 Calculation of the CMC colour difference, EcmcCalculate the CMC colour difference in CMC (l:c) units using the equations given in ISO 105-J03:2009, 3.3. When CMC colour difference is used, a decision shall be taken on whether the ratio of lightness t
47、o chroma BS EN ISO 10545-16:2012ISO 10545-16:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reservedCMC (l:c), as determined by the CMC equations, is acceptable. CMC allows the user to change the ratio of lightness to chroma (l:c). An l:c ratio of 1,5:1 is typically used for smooth surface, high-gloss glazed tiles.
48、7.2 Interpretation of results For the purposes of determining acceptability, a “tolerance” (cf) which is agreeable to all parties involved shall be selected. The Ecmcvalue calculated between a test sample and the reference standard, when compared to this agreed-on tolerance, provides a means of dete
49、rmining if a test sample is an acceptable match to the reference standard. Specimens which are compared to a reference standard fall into two categories: those for which the Ecmcvalues are less than or equal to the agreed-on tolerance are acceptable (pass), while those for which the Ecmcvalues are greater than the agreed-on tolerance are unacceptable (fail). 8 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this part of ISO 10545, i.e. ISO 10545-16; b) a desc
