1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 13160:2012Water quality Strontium90 and strontium 89 Test methods using liquidscintillation counting orproportional countingBS EN ISO 13160:2015BS EN ISO 13160:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 13160:2015. I
2、t is identical to ISO 13160:2012. It supersedes BS ISO 13160:2012 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/3, Water quality, to Subcommittee EH/3/8, Radioactivity measurements methods.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee c
3、an be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 89461 9ICS 13.060.60; 1
4、7.240Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2012.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 October 2015 This corrige
5、ndum renumbers BS ISO 13160:2012 as BS EN ISO 13160:2015.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13160 October 2015 ICS 13.060.60; 17.240 English Version Water quality - Strontium 90 and strontium 89 - Test methods using liquid scintillation counting or proportional counting (ISO 13
6、160:2012) Qualit de leau - Strontium 90 et strontium 89 - Mthodes dessai par comptage des scintillations en milieu liquide ou par comptage proportionnel (ISO 13160:2012) Wasserbeschaffenheit - Strontium 90 und Strontium 89 - Verfahren mittels Flssigszintillationszhlung oder Proportionalzhlung (ISO 1
7、3160:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 September 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and biblio
8、graphical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsi
9、bility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republ
10、ic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALI
11、SATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 13160:2015 EEN ISO 13160:2015 (E) 3 European foreword The text of ISO 1
12、3160:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147 “Water quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 13160:2015 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard sh
13、all be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this docume
14、nt may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Au
15、stria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swe
16、den, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 13160:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13160:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13160:2015EN ISO 13160:2015 (E)BS ISO 13160:2012ISO 13160:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1
17、 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Symbols, definitions, and units . 14 Principle . 24.1 General . 24.2 Chemical separation . 24.3 Detection 35 Chemical reagents and equipment . 36 Procedure 36.1 Test sample preparation 36.2 Chemical separation . 36.3 Preparation of the source for test . 56.4 Measu
18、rement 67 Expression of results . 87.1 Determination of 90Sr in equilibrium with 90Y . 87.2 Determination of 90Sr by ingrowth of 90Y . 97.3 Determination of 90Sr in presence of 89Sr when 90Sr is in equilibrium with 90Y 117.4 Confidence limits .148 Quality control 149 Test report .15Annex A (informat
19、ive) Determination of 89Sr and 90Sr by precipitation and proportional counting 16Annex B (informative) Determination of 89Sr and 90Sr by precipitation and liquid scintillation counting 20Annex C (informative) Determination of 90Sr from its daughter product 90Y at equilibrium by organic extraction an
20、d liquid scintillation counting24Annex D (informative) Determination of 90Sr after ionic exchange separation by proportional counting 26Annex E (informative) Determination of 90Sr after separation on a crown ether specific resin and liquid scintillation counting 29Annex F (informative) Determination
21、 of 90Sr from its daughter product 90Y at equilibrium by organic extraction by proportional counting 31Annex G (informative) Correction factor for purity control using proportional counting 35Bibliography .38BS EN ISO 13160:2015ISO 13160:2012 (E)BS ISO 13160:2012ISO 13160:2012(E)ForewordISO (the Int
22、ernational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee ha
23、s been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical
24、standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies
25、for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or a
26、ll such patent rights.ISO 13160 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 3, Radiological methods.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13160:2015ISO 13160:2012 (E)BS ISO 13160:2012ISO 13160:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardizatio
27、n) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be rep
28、resented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards ar
29、e drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Internationa
30、l Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 13160 was prepar
31、ed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 3, Radiological methods.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 13160:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13160:2012(E)Water quality Strontium 90 and strontium 89 Test methods using liquid scintillation counting or proportional countingWA
32、RNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to
33、ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.IMPORTANT It is absolutely essential that tests conducted in accordance with this International Standard be carried out by suitably qualified staff.1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the test methods and their associated principles
34、for the measurement of the activity of 90Sr in equilibrium with 90Y, and 89Sr, pure beta-emitting radionuclides, in water samples. Different chemical separation methods are presented to produce strontium and yttrium sources, the activity of which is determined using a proportional counter (PC) or li
35、quid scintillation counter (LSC). The selection of the test method depends on the origin of the contamination, the characteristics of the water to be analysed, the required accuracy of test results and the available resources of the laboratories.These test methods are used for water monitoring follo
36、wing, past or present, accidental or routine, liquid or gaseous discharges. It also covers the monitoring of contamination caused by global fallout.When fallout occurs immediately following a nuclear accident, the contribution of 89Sr to the total amount of strontium activity is not negligible. This
37、 International Standard provides the test methods to determine the activity concentration of 90Sr in presence of 89Sr.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated ref
38、erences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 11929, Determination of the characteristic limits (decision threshold, detection limit and limits of the confidence interval) for measurements of ionizing radiation Fundamentals and applicationISO 80000-10,
39、 Quantities and units Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics3 Symbols, definitions, and unitsFor the purposes of this document, the definitions, symbols, and abbreviated terms defined in ISO 11929 and ISO 80000-10 and the following apply.Aicalibration source activity of radionuclide i, at the time of c
40、alibration BqcA,iactivity concentration of radionuclide i Bq l-1cA,i*decision threshold of radionuclide i Bq l-1cA,i#detection limit of radionuclide i Bq l-1cA,i,cA,ilower and upper limits of the confidence interval of radionuclide i Bq l-1 ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 13160:2015BS ISO 13
41、160:2012ISO 13160:2012(E)Rc,ichemical yield of the extraction of radionuclide i 1r0background count rate s-1r0jbackground count rate for measurement j s-1rggross count rate s-1rgjgross count rate for measurement j s-1rjnet count rate for measurement j s-1rscalibration source count rate s-1t time ela
42、psed between separation of 90Sr/90Y (t = 0) and counting st0background counting time std, tfstart and finish time respectively of the measurement, referred to t = 0stgsample counting time stjstart time of the measurement j, referred to t = 0stscalibration source counting time sU expanded uncertainty
43、, calculated by U = ku(cA) with k = 1, 2 . Bq l-1u(cA) standard uncertainty associated with the measurement result Bq l-1V volume of the test sample licounting efficiency for radionuclide i 1idecay constant of radionuclide i 14 Principle4.1 General90Sr, 90Y and 89Sr are pure beta-emitter radionuclid
44、es. Their beta-emission energies and half-lives are given in Table 1.Table 1 Half-lives, maximum energies, and average energies of 90Sr, 90Y, and 89SrParameter90Sr90Y89SrMaximum energy 546,0 keV 2 283,9 keV 1 491,0 keVAverage energy 196,4 keV 935,3 keV 586,3 keVHalf-life 28,79 a 2,67 d 50,5 d90Sr ca
45、n be directly measured or estimated through the measurement of its daughter product 90Y. All the test methods are based on a chemical separation step followed by beta-counting of the element using PC or LSC. See Table 2.4.2 Chemical separationStrontium is isolated from the water using precipitation,
46、 ion chromatography or specific chromatographic separation using crown ether resin. Yttrium can be isolated by precipitation or liquidliquid extraction.The separation step should maximize the extraction of the pure element. The method chosen shall be selective with a high chemical yield. When thoriu
47、m, lead or bismuth radioisotopes are present at high activity levels, 2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 13160:2015ISO 13160:2012 (E)BS ISO 13160:2012ISO 13160:2012(E)Rc,ichemical yield of the extraction of radionuclide i 1r0background count rate s-1r0jbackground count rate for measurement j s-
48、1rggross count rate s-1rgjgross count rate for measurement j s-1rjnet count rate for measurement j s-1rscalibration source count rate s-1t time elapsed between separation of 90Sr/90Y (t = 0) and counting st0background counting time std, tfstart and finish time respectively of the measurement, referr
49、ed to t = 0stgsample counting time stjstart time of the measurement j, referred to t = 0stscalibration source counting time sU expanded uncertainty, calculated by U = ku(cA) with k = 1, 2 . Bq l-1u(cA) standard uncertainty associated with the measurement result Bq l-1V volume of the test sample licounting efficiency for radionuclide i 1idecay constant of radionuclide i 14 Principle4.1 General90Sr, 90Y and 89Sr are pure beta-emitter radionuclides. Their beta-emission energies and half-lives are given in Table 1.Table 1 Half-lives, ma
