1、BS EN ISO13370:2007ICS 91.120.10,NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDThermal performanceof buildings Heattransfer via the ground Calculation methods(ISO 13370:2007)Incorporating Corrigendum 2009MarchThis British Standardwas published under the author
2、ity of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 3ember 2008 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 67102 9 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 13370:2007National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 13370:2007.It supersedes BS EN ISO 13370:1998 which
3、is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/540, Energy performance of materials components andbuildings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all th
4、e necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.1Dec 31 March 2009 Correction to the missing ISO pages EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 13370December 2007ICS 91
5、.120.10 Supersedes EN ISO 13370:1998 English VersionThermal performance of buildings - Heat transfer via the ground- Calculation methods (ISO 13370:2007)Performance thermique des btiments - Transfert dechaleur par le sol - Mthodes de calcul (ISO 13370:2007)Wrmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebuden -Wrme
6、bertragung ber das Erdreich -Berechnungsverfahren (ISO 13370:2007)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 December 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard
7、without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other langua
8、ge made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,Fr
9、ance, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR N
10、ORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 13370:2007: EEN ISO 13370:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 13370:2007) has been prepared by Technical Comm
11、ittee ISO/TC 163 “Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 89 “Thermal performance of buildings and building components“, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national stand
12、ard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN a
13、nd/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 13370:1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Aus
14、tria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsem
15、ent notice The text of ISO 13370:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 13370:2007 without any modification. BS EN ISO 13370:2007ISO 13370:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and unit
16、s . 2 3.1 Terms and definitions. 2 3.2 Symbols and units 3 4 Methods of calculation. 3 5 Thermal properties . 4 5.1 Thermal properties of the ground. 4 5.2 Thermal properties of building materials. 5 5.3 Surface resistances 5 6 Internal temperature and climatic data. 5 6.1 Internal temperature . 5 6
17、.2 Climatic data 5 7 Thermal transmittance and heat flow rate 6 7.1 Thermal transmittance . 6 7.2 Thermal bridges at edge of floor. 6 7.3 Calculation of heat flow rate 6 7.4 Effect of ground water 6 7.5 Special cases 7 8 Parameters used in the calculations 7 8.1 Characteristic dimension of floor . 7
18、 8.2 Equivalent thickness 8 9 Calculation of thermal transmittances . 8 9.1 Slab-on-ground floor 8 9.2 Suspended floor 9 9.3 Heated basement 12 9.4 Unheated basement 14 9.5 Partly heated basement . 14 Annex A (normative) Calculation of ground heat flow rate . 15 Annex B (normative) Slab-on-ground wi
19、th edge insulation 20 Annex C (normative) Heat flow rates for individual rooms 24 Annex D (normative) Application to dynamic simulation programmes . 25 Annex E (normative) Ventilation below suspended floors 26 Annex F (informative) Periodic heat transfer coefficients . 29 Annex G (informative) Therm
20、al properties of the ground 33 Annex H (informative) The influence of flowing ground water 35 Annex I (informative) Slab-on-ground floor with an embedded heating or cooling system 37 Annex J (informative) Cold stores 38 Annex K (informative) Worked examples. 39 Bibliography . 48 BS EN ISO 13370:2007
21、ISO 13370:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each
22、member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
23、 Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
24、adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
25、patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13370 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 163, Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment, Subcommittee SC 2, Calculation methods. This second edition cancels and replaces the
26、first edition (ISO 13370:1998), which has been technically revised. The following principal changes have been made to the first edition: Clause 4 contains a revised text to clarify the intention of the initial part of the former Annex A; the rest of the former Annex A is now contained in ISO 10211;
27、7.2 no longer contains a table of linear thermal transmittances: it is now recognized, as with other thermal bridging, that the wall/floor junction often needs to be calculated; 9.1 provides an alternative formula for well-insulated floors; 9.2 provides clarification for low-emissivity surfaces; Ann
28、ex A contains formulae for cooling applications; Annex B has incorporated minor revisions to the text for edge-insulated floors; Annex D has been revised; Annex F (formerly Annex C) has been changed to informative status. BS EN ISO 13370:2007ISO 13370:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved vIntroducti
29、on This International Standard provides the means (in part) to assess the contribution that building products and services make to energy conservation and to the overall energy performance of buildings. In contrast with ISO 6946, which gives the method of calculation of the thermal transmittance of
30、building elements in contact with the external air, this International Standard deals with elements in thermal contact with the ground. The division between these two International Standards is at the level of the inside floor surface for slab-on-ground floors, suspended floors and unheated basement
31、s, and at the level of the external ground surface for heated basements. In general, a term to allow for a thermal bridge associated with the wall/floor junction is included when assessing the total heat loss from a building using methods such as ISO 13789. The calculation of heat transfer through t
32、he ground can be done by numerical calculations, which also allow analysis of thermal bridges, including wall/floor junctions, for assessment of minimum internal surface temperatures. In this International Standard, methods are provided which take account of the three-dimensional nature of the heat
33、flow in the ground below buildings. Thermal transmittances of floors give useful comparative values of the insulation properties of different floor constructions, and are used in building regulations in some countries for the limitation of heat losses through floors. Thermal transmittance, although
34、defined for steady-state conditions, also relates average heat flow to average temperature difference. In the case of walls and roofs exposed to the external air, there are daily periodic variations in heat flow into and out of storage related to daily temperature variations, but this averages out,
35、and the daily average heat loss can be found from the thermal transmittance and daily average inside-to-outside temperature difference. For floors and basement walls in contact with the ground, however, the large thermal inertia of the ground results in periodic heat flows related to the annual cycl
36、e of internal and external temperatures. The steady-state heat flow is often a good approximation to the average heat flow over the heating season. In addition to the steady-state part, a detailed assessment of floor losses is obtained from annual periodic heat transfer coefficients related to the t
37、hermal capacity of the soil, as well as its thermal conductivity, together with the amplitude of annual variations in monthly mean temperature. Annex D provides a method for incorporating heat transfers to and from the ground into calculations undertaken at short time steps (e.g. one hour). Worked e
38、xamples illustrating the use of the methods in this International Standard are given in Annex K. BS EN ISO 13370:2007BS EN ISO 13370:2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13370:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1Thermal performance of buildings Heat transfer via the ground Calculation methods 1 Scope Th
39、is International Standard provides methods of calculation of heat transfer coefficients and heat flow rates for building elements in thermal contact with the ground, including slab-on-ground floors, suspended floors and basements. It applies to building elements, or parts of them, below a horizontal
40、 plane in the bounding walls of the building situated for slab-on-ground floors, suspended floors and unheated basements, at the level of the inside floor surface; NOTE In some cases, external dimension systems define the boundary at the lower surface of the floor slab. for heated basements, at the
41、level of the external ground surface. This International Standard includes calculation of the steady-state part of the heat transfer (the annual average rate of heat flow) and the part due to annual periodic variations in temperature (the seasonal variations of the heat flow rate about the annual av
42、erage). These seasonal variations are obtained on a monthly basis and, except for the application to dynamic simulation programmes in Annex D, this International Standard does not apply to shorter periods of time. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the ap
43、plication of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6946, Building components and building elements Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance Calculation met
44、hod ISO 7345, Thermal insulation Physical quantities and definitions ISO 10211, Thermal bridges in building construction Heat flows and surface temperatures Detailed calculations ISO 10456, Building materials and products Hygrothermal properties Tabulated design values and procedures for determining
45、 declared and design thermal values ISO 14683, Thermal bridges in building construction Linear thermal transmittance Simplified methods and default values BS EN ISO 13370:2007ISO 13370:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the pur
46、poses of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7345 and the following apply. 3.1.1 slab on ground floor construction directly on the ground over its whole area 3.1.2 suspended floor floor construction in which the lowest floor is held off the ground, resulting in an air void between
47、the floor and the ground NOTE This air void, also called underfloor space or crawl space, may be ventilated or unventilated, and does not form part of the habitable space. 3.1.3 basement usable part of a building that is situated partly or entirely below ground level NOTE This space may be heated or
48、 unheated. 3.1.4 equivalent thickness thermal resistance thickness of ground (having the thermal conductivity of the actual ground) which has the same thermal resistance as the element under consideration 3.1.5 steady-state heat transfer coefficient steady-state heat flow divided by temperature diff
49、erence between internal and external environments 3.1.6 internal periodic heat transfer coefficient amplitude of periodic heat flow divided by amplitude of internal temperature variation over an annual cycle 3.1.7 external periodic heat transfer coefficient amplitude of periodic heat flow divided by amplitude of external temperature over an annual cycle 3.1.8 characteristic dimension of floor area of floor divided by half the perimeter of floor 3.1.9 phase difference period of time between the maximum or
