1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 14593:2005BS 6068-5.23: 1999Incorporating Amendment No. 1 which renumbers BS 6068-5.23:1999 as BS EN ISO 14593:2005 also numbered as BS 6068-5.23:2005Water quality Part 5: Biological methods Section 5.23: Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds
2、in aqueous medium Method by analysis of released inorganic carbon in sealed vessels (CO2headspace test)The European Standard EN ISO 14593:2005, with the incorporation of amendment A1:2005, has the status of a British StandardICS 13.060.70g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g4
3、4g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN ISO 14593:2005This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the author
4、ity of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 1999 BSI 11 November 2005ISBN 0 580 32464 8National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 14593:2005. It is identical with ISO 14593:1999.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted b
5、y Technical Committee EH/3, Water quality, to Subcommittee EH/3/5, Biological methods, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interest
6、s informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This is one of a series of standards on water quality, others of which have been, or will be, publish
7、ed as sections of BS 6068. The various sections of BS 6068 are comprised within Parts 1 to 7, which, together with Part 0, are listed below. Part 0: Introduction; Part 1: Glossary; Part 2: Physical, chemical and biochemical methods; Part 3: Radiological methods; Part 4: Microbiological methods; Part
8、 5: Biological methods; Part 6: Sampling; Part 7: Precision and accuracy.NOTE The tests described in this British Standard should only be carried out by suitably qualified persons with an appropriate level of biological expertise. Standard biological procedures should be followed throughout.Cross-re
9、ferencesThe British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards
10、 Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an i
11、nside front cover, the EN title page, the EN foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 13 and a back cover.This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside fro
12、nt cover.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments15780 11 November 2005 Renumbers ISO 14593:1999 as BS EN ISO 14593:2005EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 14593June 2005ICS 13.060.70English versionWater quality - Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability ofo
13、rganic compounds in aqueous medium - Method by analysis ofinorganic carbon in sealed vessels (CO2 headspace test) (ISO14593:1999)Qualit de leau - Evaluation en milieu aqueux de labiodgradabilit arobie ultime des composs organiques -Mthode par analyse du carbone inorganique dans desrcipients hermtiqu
14、ement clos (Essai au CO2 danslespace de tte) (ISO 14593:1999)Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung der vollstndigenbiologischen Abbaubarkeit organischer Substanzen imwssrigen Medium - Verfahren mittels Bestimmung desanorganischen Kohlenstoffs in geschlossenen Flaschen(CO2-Headspace-Test) (ISO 14593:1999
15、)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referenc
16、es concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its
17、 own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo
18、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploita
19、tion in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 14593:2005: EForeword The text of ISO 14593:1999 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147 “Water quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN
20、ISO 14593:2005 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2005, and conflicting national
21、standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
22、Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14593:1999 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14593:2005 without any m
23、odifications. EN ISO 14593:2005EN ISO 14593:1999EN ISO 14593:1999ii BSI 11 November 2005ContentsPageForeword iii1Scope 12 Normative reference 13 Terms and definitions 14 Principle 35 Test environment 36 Reagents 37 Apparatus 48 Procedure 49 Calculation and expression of results 810 Expression of res
24、ults 911 Validity of results 912 Precision of the method 1013 Test report 10Annex A (informative) Example of a biodegradation curve 11Annex B (informative) Statistical treatment of results 11Annex C (informative) Interlaboratory ring test 12Bibliography 13Figure A.1 Biodegradation of octan-1-ol in t
25、he CO2headspace test 11Table 1 Final distribution of test and reference compounds in the test vessels 7Table C.1 Results of a ring test 12EN ISO 14593:1999 BSI 11 November 2005iiiForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (
26、ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, go
27、vernmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC
28、 Directives, Part 3.Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.International Standard ISO 14593 was prepared by Techn
29、ical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 5, Biological methods.Annex A, Annex B and Annex C of this International Standard are for information only.blankEN ISO 14593:1999 BSI 11 November 20051WARNING Activated sludge and sewage may contain potentially pathogenic organisms and should
30、 be handled with appropriate precautions. Hazardous test compounds and those whose properties are unknown should be handled with care.1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method, by analysis of inorganic carbon, for the evaluation in an aqueous medium of the ultimate aerobic biodegradabili
31、ty of organic substances at a given concentration of microorganisms.This International Standard is applicable to organic compounds which are:a) water-soluble under the test conditions;b) poorly water-soluble under the test conditions, in which case special measures may be necessary to achieve a good
32、 dispersion of the compound (see ISO 10634);c) volatile;d) not inhibitory to the test microorganisms at the concentration chosen for the test.In this test, biogenically produced inorganic carbon is measured in situ in the test vessels in such a manner that the rate measured nearly equals the rate of
33、 microbial production.NOTE 1 The conditions described in this International Standard do not always correspond to the optimal conditions for allowing the maximum degree of biodegradation to occur. For alternative biodegradation methods see ISO 15462.NOTE 2 With highly volatile substances, losses to t
34、he gaseous phase can be minimized by reducing the volume of the headspace. However, there should be sufficient oxygen in the test system to prevent biodegradation being oxygen-limited.NOTE 3 The presence of an inhibitory effect can be determined as specified in 8.3, or by using any other method for
35、determining the inhibitory effect of a substance on bacteria (see, for example, ISO 8192).2 Normative referenceThe following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments
36、 to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. For undated reference, the latest edition of
37、the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.ISO 10634:1995, Water quality Guidance for the preparation and treatment of poorly water-soluble organic compounds for the subsequent evaluation of their biodegradability
38、in aqueous medium.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 ultimate aerobic biodegradationbreakdown of a chemical compound or organic matter by microorganisms in the presence of oxygen to carbon dioxide, water and mineral s
39、alts of any other elements present (mineralization) and the production of new biomass3.2 primary biodegradationstructural change (transformation) of a chemical compound by microorganisms resulting in the loss of a specific property3.3 activated sludgebiomass produced in the aerobic treatment of wast
40、ewater by the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms in the presence of dissolved oxygenEN ISO 14593:19992 BSI 11 November 20053.4 concentration of suspended solidsamount of solids obtained by filtration or centrifugation of a known volume of activated sludge and drying at about 105 C to consta
41、nt mass3.5 total organic carbon TOCall that carbon present in organic matter which is dissolved and suspended in the water sample3.6 dissolved organic carbon DOCthat part of the organic carbon in the water sample which cannot be removed by specified phase separationNOTE For example, by centrifugatio
42、n at 40 000 m s2for 15 min or by membrane-filtration using membranes with pores of diameter 0,2 4m to 0,45 4m.3.7 total inorganic carbon TICall that inorganic carbon in the water deriving from carbon dioxide and carbonate3.8 dissolved inorganic carbon DICthat part of the inorganic carbon in water wh
43、ich cannot be removed by specified phase separationNOTE For example, by centrifugation at 40 000 m s2for 15 min or by membrane-filtration using membranes with pores of diameter 0,2 4m to 0,45 4m.3.9 theoretical amount of inorganic carbon ThICtheoretical maximum amount of inorganic carbon formed afte
44、r oxidizing a chemical compound completelyNOTE It is calculated from the molecular formula and expressed in this case as milligrams carbon per milligram (or gram) test compound.3.10 lag phasetime from the start of a test until adaptation and/or selection of the degrading microorganisms are achieved
45、and the biodegradation degree of a chemical compound or organic matter has increased to about 10 % of the maximum level of biodegradationNOTE It is normally recorded in days.3.11 maximum level of biodegradationmaximum biodegradation degree of a chemical compound or organic matter in a test, above wh
46、ich no further biodegradation takes place during the testNOTE It is normally recorded in percent.3.12 biodegradation phasetime from the end of the lag phase of a test until about 90 % of the maximum level of biodegradation has been reachedNOTE It is normally recorded in days.3.13 plateau phasetime f
47、rom the end of the biodegradation phase until the end of the testNOTE It is normally recorded in days.EN ISO 14593:1999 BSI 11 November 200533.14 pre-exposurepre-incubation of an inoculum in the presence of the test chemical compound or organic matter, with the aim of enhancing the ability of this i
48、noculum to biodegrade the test material by adaptation and/or selection of the microorganisms3.15 preconditioningpre-incubation of an inoculum under the conditions of the subsequent test in the absence of the test chemical compound or organic matter, with the aim of improving the performance of the t
49、est by acclimatization of the microorganisms to the test conditions4 PrincipleThe test compound, as the sole source of carbon and energy, is added to a mineral salts medium inoculated with a mixed population of microorganisms and incubated in sealed vessels with a headspace of air. The concentration of the compound used normally yields an initial organic carbon concentration in the medium of 2 mg/l to 40 mg/l, usually 20 mg/l. Biodegradation (mineralization to carbon dioxide) is determined by measuring the net increase in total inorgan
