1、 ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03)European Standard (Telecommunications series) Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Transmitting equipment for theFrequency Modulated (FM)sound broadcasting service;Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methodsETSI ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.
2、2.1 (2006-03) 2 Reference REN/ERM-TG17WG2-004-1 Keywords audio, broadcasting, FM, radio, terrestrial, transmitter ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enre
3、gistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in conte
4、nts between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the documen
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6、/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2006. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and
7、UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. E
8、TSI ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights6 Foreword.6 Introduction 6 1 Scope 7 2 References 7 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .8 3.1 Definitions8 3.2 Symbols9 3.3 Abbreviations .9 4 Technical requirements specifications .10 4.1 Environmental profile.10 4
9、.2 Transmitter input configuration10 4.3 Transmitter output characteristics 10 4.3.1 Rated output power.10 4.3.1.1 Definition 10 4.3.1.2 Method of measurement10 4.3.1.2.1 Initial conditions10 4.3.1.2.2 Procedure.11 4.3.1.2.3 Test requirements 11 4.3.1.3 Limit11 4.3.2 Frequency drift11 4.3.2.1 Defini
10、tion 11 4.3.2.2 Method of measurement11 4.3.2.2.1 Initial conditions11 4.3.2.2.2 Procedure.11 4.3.2.2.3 Test requirements 11 4.3.2.3 Limit11 4.3.3 Deviation sensitivity stability .12 4.3.3.1 Definition 12 4.3.3.2 Method of measurement12 4.3.3.2.1 Initial conditions12 4.3.3.2.2 Procedure.12 4.3.3.2.3
11、 Test requirements 12 4.3.3.3 Limit12 4.3.4 Residual AM (Hum and noise) .13 4.3.4.1 Definition 13 4.3.4.2 Method of measurement13 4.3.4.2.1 Initial conditions13 4.3.4.2.2 Procedure.13 4.3.4.2.3 Test requirements 13 4.3.4.3 Limit13 4.3.5 Synchronous AM (AM due to FM) 14 4.3.5.1 Definition 14 4.3.5.2
12、Method of measurement14 4.3.5.2.1 Initial conditions14 4.3.5.2.2 Procedure.14 4.3.5.2.3 Test requirements 14 4.3.5.3 Limit14 4.3.6 Modulator performance (pulse response) .15 4.3.6.1 Definition 15 4.3.6.2 Method of measurement15 4.3.6.2.1 Initial conditions15 4.3.6.2.2 Procedure.15 ETSI ETSI EN 302 0
13、18-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 4 4.3.6.2.3 Test requirements 16 4.3.6.3 Limit16 4.3.7 MPX intermodulation .16 4.3.7.1 Definition 16 4.3.7.2 Method of measurement16 4.3.7.2.1 Initial conditions16 4.3.7.2.2 Procedure.16 4.3.7.2.3 Test requirements 17 4.3.7.3 Limit17 4.3.8 Deviation limiting.17 4.3.8.1 Definiti
14、on 17 4.3.8.2 Method of measurement17 4.3.8.2.1 Initial conditions17 4.3.8.2.2 Procedure.17 4.3.8.2.3 Test requirements 18 4.3.8.3 Limit18 4.3.9 FM Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)18 4.3.9.1 Definition 18 4.3.9.2 Method of measurement18 4.3.9.2.1 Initial conditions18 4.3.9.2.2 Procedure.19 4.3.9.2.3 Test
15、 requirements 19 4.3.9.3 Limit19 4.4 Antenna port measurements .19 4.4.1 Spurious emissions .19 4.4.1.1 Definition 19 4.4.1.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .19 4.4.1.2.1 Initial conditions19 4.4.1.2.2 Procedure.20 4.4.1.2.3 Test requirements 20 4.4.1.3 Limit20 4.4.2 Transmitter muting
16、 during frequency shift .21 4.4.2.1 Definition 21 4.4.2.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .21 4.4.2.2.1 Initial conditions21 4.4.2.2.2 Procedure.22 4.4.2.2.3 Test requirements 22 4.4.2.3 Limit22 4.4.3 Out-of-band emissions22 4.4.3.1 Definition 22 4.4.3.2 Method of measurement (essential
17、 test suite) .22 4.4.3.2.1 Initial conditions22 4.4.3.2.2 Procedure.23 4.4.3.2.3 Test requirements 23 4.4.3.3 Limit24 4.5 Enclosure port measurements (radiated emissions)24 4.5.1 Cabinet radiation.24 4.5.1.1 Definition 24 4.5.1.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .24 4.5.1.2.1 Initial con
18、ditions24 4.5.1.2.2 Procedure.25 4.5.1.2.3 Test requirements 25 4.5.1.3 Limit25 4.6 Measurement uncertainties.26 Annex A (normative): General measuring arrangements27 A.1 Testing arrangements for antenna port measurements .27 A.1.1 Testing arrangement for monophonic transmitters.27 A.1.2 Testing arr
19、angement stereophonic transmitters 28 A.1.3 Test frequency range 29 A.1.4 Test modulating signal .29 ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 5 A.2 Testing arrangements for enclosure port (radiated emissions) measurements .31 A.3 Test load characteristics .31 Annex B (informative): Bibliography.32 Hi
20、story 33 ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 6 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can
21、be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuan
22、t to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present docume
23、nt. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering transmitting equipment for the Frequency Modulated (FM) so
24、und broadcasting service, as identified below: Part 1: “Technical characteristics and test methods“; Part 2: “Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R - EN 301 489-11 2. ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 7 1 Scope The present document applies to transmitting equipment for the frequency-modulat
25、ed sound broadcasting service. The types of equipment covered by the present document are as follows: - Transmitting equipment for frequency modulated sound broadcasting service operating in both Monophonic and Stereophonic operating in the frequency range 68 MHz to 108 MHz. 2 References The followi
26、ng documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not appl
27、y. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. 1 ETSI EN 302 018-2: “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Transmittin
28、g equipment for the Frequency Modulated (FM) sound broadcasting service; Part 2: Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 11: Specific conditions for terrestrial sound broadcasting service transmitters“. 3 CENELEC EN
29、 55011: “Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement“. 4 ITU-R Recommendation BS.468-4 (1986): “Measurement of audio-frequency noise voltage level in sound broadcasting“. 5 IEC 60489-1: “Methods of measure
30、ment for radio equipment used in the mobile services. Part 1: General definitions and standard conditions of measurement“. 6 ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics“. 7 IT
31、U-R Recommendation SM.329: “Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain“. 8 ITU-R Recommendation BS.412: “Planning standards for terrestrial FM sound broadcasting at VHF“. 9 ITU-R Recommendation BS.641: “Determination of radio-frequency protection ratios for frequency-modulated sound broadcasting“. 10
32、 ITU-R Recommendation BS.450-3 (2001): “Transmission standards for FM sound broadcasting at VHF“. ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 8 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: antenna port: port
33、 of an apparatus which is designed, in normal operation, to be connected to an antenna using coaxial cable broadcasting service: radio communication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the general public NOTE: This service may include sound transmissions, televisi
34、on transmissions or other types of transmission. channel L: left hand channel of a stereophonic signal channel R: right hand channel of a stereophonic signal cabinet radiation: radiation from an enclosure containing, equipment, excluding radiation from connected antennas or cables carrier power: ave
35、rage power supplied to the antenna port by a transmitter during one cycle taken under the condition of no modulation class of emission: set of characteristics of an emission, designated by standard symbols, e.g. type of modulation of the main carrier, modulating signal, type of information to be tra
36、nsmitted, and also, if appropriate, any additional signal characteristics composite: See “Multiplex (MPX) signal“. dBc: decibels relative to the unmodulated carrier power of the emission NOTE: In the cases which do not have a carrier, for example in some digital modulation schemes where the carrier
37、is not accessible for measurement, the reference level equivalent to dBc is decibels relative to the mean power P. difference signal : signal (S) theoretically equal to half the difference between the left (L) and right (R) stereophonic signals. S = (L - R) / 2 enclosure port: physical boundary of t
38、he apparatus through which electromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge NOTE: In the case of integral antenna equipment, this port is inseparable from the antenna port. environmental profile: range of environmental conditions under which equipment within the scope of EN 302 018-1 is required to com
39、ply with the provisions of EN 302 018-1 exclusion band: band of radio frequencies where no measurements are made frequency tolerance: maximum permissible departure of the characteristic frequency of an emission from the assigned frequency NOTE: The frequency tolerance is expressed in parts per 106or
40、 in Hz. harmonic: component of order greater than 1 of the Fourier series of a periodic quantity harmonic number: integral number given by the ratio of the frequency of a harmonic to the fundamental frequency (2ndharmonic = 2 fundamental frequency) mean power: average power supplied to the antenna p
41、ort by a transmitter during an interval of time sufficiently long compared with the lowest frequency encountered in the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions MultiPleX (MPX) signal: contains all information, including the pilot tone and any supplementary signal which is used to
42、 frequency modulate the VHF FM transmitter ETSI ETSI EN 302 018-1 V1.2.1 (2006-03) 9 necessary bandwidth: for a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band which is sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions
43、out-of-band emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions pilot tone: 19 kHz tone used to recover the stereo subcarrier in the stereo-receiver Radio Data System (RDS): signal c
44、ontaining information on programmes and broadcasting network as defined in EN 50067 NOTE: This signal is carried by a subcarrier at 57 kHz, amplitude modulated by the encoded data with suppressed carrier in a frequency band of 2,4 kHz. reference bandwidth: bandwidth in which the emission level is sp
45、ecified signal L: corresponds to the information in the left channel of the stereophonic signal signal R: corresponds to the information in the right channel of the stereophonic signal spurious emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level
46、of which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information NOTE: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and frequency conversion products but exclude out of band emissions. stereo subcarrier: 38 kHz subcarrier used to
47、 carry the difference signal sum signal: signal (M) theoretically equal to half of the sum of the left (L) and right (R) stereophonic signals. M = (L + R) / 2 unwanted emissions: consist of spurious emissions and out of band emissions 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the followi
48、ng symbols apply: ohms (unit of resistance) micro, 10-6 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: a.c. alternating current AF Audio Frequency AM Amplitude Modulation dB deciBel, logarithmic ratio (tenths of a “Bel“) dBm dB relative to one milliwat
49、t d.c. direct current EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility EN European Norm ERM Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters EUT Equipment Under Test FM Frequency Modulation Hz Hertz (cycles per second) LV Low Voltage MPX MultiPleX R b) the highest operating frequency of the EUT; c) a frequency mid-way between a) and b) above. Test arrangement (see figure A.1): 1) connect the EUT to the Test Load, via the Coupling Device; 2) connect the Spectrum Analyser or power meter to the Coupling Device. NOTE: AF Signal Generator and Voltage measur
