1、 ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) Low Throughput Networks (LTN); Protocols and Interfaces Disclaimer This document has been produced and approved by the Low Throughput Networks (LTN) ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) and represents the views of those members who participated in this ISG. It do
2、es not necessarily represent the views of the entire ETSI membership. GROUP SPECIFICATION ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 2Reference DGS/LTN-003 Keywords IoT, LTN, M2M ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348
3、 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electro
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6、asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and mi
7、crofilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014. All right
8、s reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and ow
9、ned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 3Content Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g32.1 Normative references . 7g32.2 Informative references 7g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8g33.1
10、 Definitions 8g33.2 Symbols 8g33.3 Abbreviations . 8g34 Overall architecture 9g35 Interface A 10g35.1 Radio Spectrum 10g35.2 UNB implementation of the radio interface . 10g35.2.1 Interest of UNB implementation . 10g35.2.2 Preferred implementation of the UNB uplink . 10g35.2.2.1 Radio band for uplink
11、 10g35.2.2.2 UNB MAC frame (up-link) . 11g35.2.3 Preferred implementation of the UNB downlink 11g35.2.3.1 Radio band for UNB downlink . 11g35.2.3.2 UNB MAC frame (downlink) . 11g35.2.4 Synchronization between uplink and downlink transmissions in UNB 12g35.2.4.1 Piggy-backing in UNB downlink 12g35.2.
12、4.2 Broadcasting in UNB downlink 12g35.3 OSSS implementation of the radio interface 12g35.3.1 Interests of OSSS implementation 13g35.3.2 Preferred implementation of OSSS transmission 13g35.3.2.1 Radio band 13g35.3.2.2 OSSS PHY frame 13g35.3.2.3 OSSS MAC frame . 13g35.3.3 Synchronization between upli
13、nk and downlink in OSSS 14g35.4 LTN credentials 14g35.4.1 Credentials in UNB networks . 14g35.4.1.1 UNB end-point identifier (NID) 14g35.4.1.2 UNB end-point secret key . 14g35.4.2 Credentials in OSSS networks 15g35.4.2.1 Identifiers in OSSS networks 15g35.4.2.2 OSSS end-point secret keys 15g35.5 Int
14、eroperability at interface A 16g35.6 Coexistence at interface A 16g36 Interface B 16g36.1 Interoperability at interface B . 16g37 Interface C 16g38 Interface D 17g38.1 Interface D in the case of UNB implementation 17g38.1.1 Beginning of life of an UNB LEP . 17g38.1.2 Portability of an UNB LEP . 18g3
15、8.1.3 Porting authorization code (PAC) . 19g3ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 48.2 Interface D in the case of OSSS implementation . 19g39 Interface E 19g310 Interface F 20g311 Interface A . 20g312 Interface C . 21g313 Interface F 21g3Annex A (informative): Authors Essential, or potentially Esse
16、ntial, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee ca
17、n be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Group Specification (GS) has been produced by ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) Low Throu
18、ghput Networks (LTN). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “may not“, “need“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expressio
19、n of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Introduction Low Throughput Network (LTN) is a technology of wide area wireless network with some specific characteristics compared to existing networks: LTN enables long-range data tran
20、smission (distances up to 40 km in open field) and/or communication with buried underground equipment. LTN operates with minimal power consumption in the device modems that allows operation on several years even with standard batteries. LTN implements low throughput along with advanced signal proces
21、sing that provides effective protection against interferences. As a consequence, LTN is particularly well suited for low throughput machine to machine (M2M) communication where data volume is limited and latency is not a strong requirement. LTN could also cooperate with cellular networks to address
22、use cases where redundancy, complementary or alternative connectivity is needed. The objective of the present document is to provide a description of protocols and interfaces that are implemented in networks using LTN technology. The elements provided in the document will contribute to standardize L
23、TN protocols and interfaces in order to ensure interoperability of devices, modems, network elements and software solutions from various vendors, integrators and operators. ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 6The present document defines the protocols and interfaces of LTN technology. It is organ
24、ized as follows: Clause 4 gives an overview of the LTN architecture. Clause 5 describes the radio interface A. Clauses 6-10 describe LTN infrastructure interfaces. Clauses 11-13 briefly cover interfaces A, C and F that are out of scope of the present document. ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 7
25、1 Scope The present document aims to define the protocols and interfaces of LTN systems. It goes along with the document GS LTN 002 5 on LTN functional architecture. The present document is intended for an audience with a technical perspective, whereas the use case document GS LTN 001 i.2 addresses
26、more business-oriented views on LTN. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced doc
27、ument (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents, which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location, might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee th
28、eir long-term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document: 1 FCC CFR 47 Part 15: “Telecommunication: Radio Frequency Devices“. 2 ETSI EN 300-220 (Parts 1 Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment to be used in the 2
29、5 MHz to 1 000 MHz frequency range with power levels ranging up to 500 mW“. 3 GB/T 15629.15-2010: “Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan area networks - Specific requirements - Part 15.4: Wireless medium access control and physica
30、l layer (PHY) specification for low rate wireless personal area networks“. NOTE: Available at http:/ 4 ARIB STD-T96 (2010.07.15) (H22.7.15) (Version 1.1): “950 MHz-Band Telemeter, Telecontrol and Data Transmission Radio Equipment for Specified Low Power Radio Station“. 5 ETSI GS LTN 002: “Low Throug
31、hput Networks (LTN); Functional Architecture“. 6 ETSI TS 102 690: “Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M); Functional architecture“. 7 ETSI TS 102 921: “Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M); mIa, dIa and mId interfaces“. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not neces
32、sary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 IEEE 802.15.4-2011: “IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 15.4: Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs)“. i.2 ETSI GS LTN 001: “Low Throughput
33、Networks (LTN); Use Cases for Low Throughput Networks“. ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 83 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: AT commands: attention commands used when communicating with a
34、modem authentication: method to check the claimed identity of a communication partner beacons: periodically transmitted frames ciphering: cryptographic transformation of data credentials: data attesting the truth of certain stated facts fragmentation: process in which a packet is broken into smaller
35、 pieces to fit the requirements of a lower layer, which is used for the transmission of this packet multi-bearer: association of multiple transmission channels or circuits, and switching, set up to provide a means for transfer of information between two or more points in a telecommunication network
36、piggy-backing: method of sending downlink data right after uplink transmission registration: process by which a terminal informs the network of its presence and its willingness to use the network services 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: Baud (as a u
37、nit of modulation rate) one baud corresponds to one symbol (i.e. stable modulation state) per second on a transmission line 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AAA Authentication, Authorization, Accounting ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber
38、Line AFA Adaptive Frequency Agility API Application Program Interface AT ATtention bps bits per second BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying BSS Business Support SystemCRA Central Registration Authority CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CRC5 Cyclic Redundancy Check, 5 bit long DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectru
39、m FCS Frame Check Sequence GFSK Gaussian-filtered Frequency Shift Keying GPRS General Packet Radio Service I2C Inter Integrated Circuit ID IDentifier IS Information System kcps kilo chip per second LAP LTN Access Point LBT Listen Before Talk LEP LTN End Point ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 9L
40、TN Low Throughput Network MAC Medium Access Control NID UNB Node Identifier OSS Operation Support System OSSS Orthogonal Sequence Spread Spectrum PAC Porting Authorization Code PHY PHYsical layer ppm part per million REST REpresentational State Transfer Rx Reception SEK SEcret Key SNMP Simple Networ
41、k Management Protocol SPI Serial Peripheral Interface SRD Short Range Devices Tx Transmission UNB Ultra Narrow Band USA United States of America USB Universal Serial Bus WAN Wide Area Network 4 Overall architecture The detailed architecture of a LTN network is defined in architecture document GS LTN
42、 002 5. Figure 1 highlights the various interfaces defined in the LTN architecture; each interface is described in the present document. Figure 1: Overall LTN architecture and defined interfaces ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 10In a LTN architecture, all bearers are standard WANs except for t
43、he A, A and C interfaces: A is the radio interface that makes the connection between LEPs and LAPs. A is an internal interface between the LTN module and user-specific application within a LEP. A interface is out of scope of the present document. It is given here as an indication only. C is not a te
44、chnical interface, but rather a multi-bearer communication link between the application provider and its customer. C interface is out of scope of the present document. It is given here as an indication only. 5 Interface A In the LTN architecture, A is the radio interface between LEPs and LAPs. Two i
45、mplementations are foreseen to be included in the LTN architecture: UNB and OSSS. Both radio implementations use the same radio spectrum, but with different approach: UNB implementation uses ultra narrow band communication. OSSS implementation uses orthogonal sequence spread spectrum technologies. 5
46、.1 Radio Spectrum UNB and OSSS implementation of the A interface are compliant with: spectrum allocation in the USA 1, spectrum allocation in Europe 2, spectrum allocation in China 3, spectrum allocation in Japan 4. 5.2 UNB implementation of the radio interface 5.2.1 Interest of UNB implementation T
47、he UNB radio interface gives an increased transmission range with a limited amount of energy spent by the end-point. Moreover the UNB allows large numbers of end-points in a given cell without having spectrum interference. Uplinks (i.e. from the LEPs to the network) and downlinks (i.e. from the netw
48、ork towards the LEPs) are possible in the UNB solution. Spectrum optimization leads to slightly different uplink and downlink frames and time synchronization. Clause 5.2.2 details UNB uplink. Clause 5.2.3 details UNB downlink. 5.2.2 Preferred implementation of the UNB uplink 5.2.2.1 Radio band for u
49、plink The main radio specifications of the UNB uplink transmission are: channelization mask: 100 Hz (600 Hz in the USA) uplink baud rate: 100 baud (600 baud in the USA) modulation scheme: BPSK uplink transmission power: compliant with local regulation sensitivity: it is recommended to have high sensitivity receiver (i.e. better than -135 dBm) ETSI ETSI GS LTN 003 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 11 central frequency accuracy: not relevant, provided there is no significant frequency
