1、 ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01)Technical Report Fixed Radio Systems;Point-to-point equipment;Derivation of receiver interference parameters useful forplanning fixed service point-to-point systems operatingdifferent equipment classes and/or capacitiesETSI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 2 Referenc
2、e RTR/TM-04163 Keywords point-to-point, radio, transmission, FWA ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88
3、 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version
4、is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
5、 Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification
6、 No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2005. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the
7、 benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 3 Contents I
8、ntellectual Property Rights4 Foreword.4 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 References 5 3 Symbols and abbreviations.6 3.1 Symbols6 3.2 Abbreviations .7 4 Overview 7 4.1 The Link Budget.7 4.1.1 Receiver input level 8 4.1.2 Fade margins.11 4.2 Interference assessment11 4.2.1 General11 4.2.2 Wanted to Unwanted
9、 (W/U) ratios .11 4.2.3 Receiver selectivity evaluation .12 4.2.4 Net Filter Discrimination (NFD) 12 4.2.5 The Carrier to Interference (C/I) ratio in mixed payload environment.13 4.2.6 Evaluation of the Wanted to Unwanted (W/U) ratios.14 5 Interference limited assignments14 6 Summary 14 Annex A: Int
10、erference limited assignments.15 Annex B: Wanted to Unwanted (W/U) ratios16 Annex C: Diagram showing the NFD procedure 19 Annex D: Table of typical values for noise figure and signal/noise at BER = 10-6.20 Annex E: Receiver selectivity (conservative approach)26 Annex F: Receiver selectivity (more re
11、alistic approach)27 F.1 Gross bit-rate27 F.2 Derivation of transmitter spectrum mask .27 F.3 Derivation of receiver selectivity .29 F.4 Derivation of cosine roll-off.30 F.5 Transmitter mask and receiver selectivity of other equipment classes 30 History 32 ETSI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 4 Inte
12、llectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rig
13、hts (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including I
14、PR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produc
15、ed by ETSI Technical Committee Transmission and Multiplexing (TM). Introduction The present document explains how the assignment criteria between Digital Fixed Service systems, occupying different bandwidths and using different types of modulation are determined. The primary aim of spectrum manageme
16、nt is to use limited spectrum in the most efficient and effective manner. Thus the maintenance of interference free operation, alongside the sometime conflicting desire to establish a maximum link density with guaranteed system availability, are the primary aims of any spectrum management system. ET
17、SI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 5 1 Scope The present document gives, initially, a basic overview of how a fixed point-to-point system is allocated an EIRP guaranteeing predetermined link availability. It then reviews the methodology for deriving the parameters necessary for the sharing of FS sy
18、stems in an environment with different equipment classes and capacity. The methodology is based on the limitation of noise and is not exclusive. In addition a method for calculation of RSL based on normalized values is presented. The present document highlights the primary parameters from European s
19、tandards, which are vital to the development of an assignment system. These parameters are: Transmitter radiation patterns. Receiver sensitivity. Receiver adjacent channel rejection. Receiver co-channel rejection. In addition to these parameters the antenna radiation profile and, if fitted, the ATPC
20、 operating characteristics will have a major effect on link density. 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: 1 ITU-R Recommendation P.530: “Propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of terrestrial line-of-sight systems“. 2 IT
21、U-R Recommendation P.676: “Attenuation by atmospheric gases“. 3 ITU-R Recommendation F.746: “Radio-frequency arrangements for fixed service systems“. 4 ETSI EN 301 390: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point and Multipoint Systems; Spurious emissions and receiver immunity limits at equipment/antenna p
22、ort of Digital Fixed Radio Systems“. 5 ITU-R Recommendation SM.328-10: “Spectra and bandwidth of emissions“. 6 ETSI EN 300 630: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Low capacity point-to-point digital radio systems operating in the 1,4 GHz frequency band“. 7 ETSI EN 301 216: “Fixed Radio
23、Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH); Low and medium capacity and STM-0 digital radio system operating in the frequency bands in the range 3 GHz to 11 GHz“. 8 ETSI EN 300 234: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; High capacity digital radio systems car
24、rying 1 x STM-1 signals and operating in frequency bands with about 30 MHz channel spacing and alternated arrangements“. 9 ETSI EN 301 461: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; High capacity fixed radio systems carrying SDH signals (2 x STM-1) in frequency bands with 40 MHz channel spacin
25、g and using Co-Channel Dual Polarized (CCDP) operation“. 10 ETSI EN 301 127: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; High capacity digital radio systems carrying SDH signals (up to 2 x STM-1) in frequency bands with about 30 MHz channel spacing and using co-polar arrangements or Co-Channel D
26、ual Polarized (CCDP) operation“. 11 ETSI EN 301 669: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; High capacity digital radio systems carrying STM-4 in two 40 MHz channels or 2 x STM-1 in a 40 MHz channel with alternate channel arrangement“. ETSI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 6 12 ETSI EN 301
27、277: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; High capacity digital radio systems transmitting STM-4 or 4 x STM-1 in a 40 MHz radio frequency channel using Co-Channel Dual Polarized (CCDP) operation“. 13 ETSI EN 301 128: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Plesiochronous Digital H
28、ierarchy (PDH); Low and medium capacity digital radio systems operating in the 13 GHz, 15 GHz and 18 GHz frequency bands“. 14 ETSI EN 300 786: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Sub-STM-1 digital radio systems operating in the 13 GHz, 15 GHz and 18 GHz frequency bands with about 14 MHz
29、co-polar channel spacing“. 15 ETSI EN 300 639: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Sub-STM-1 digital radio systems operating in the 13 GHz, 15 GHz and 18 GHz frequency bands with about 28 MHz co-polar and 14 MHz cross-polar channel spacing“. 16 ETSI EN 302 062: “Fixed Radio Systems; Poin
30、t-to-point equipment; High capacity digital radio relay systems carrying STM-4, 4 x STM-1 or 2 x STM-1 signals in bands with 55/56 MHz channel spacing“. 17 ETSI EN 301 787: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-Point equipment; Parameters for radio systems for the transmission of Sub-STM-0 digital signals
31、operating in the 18 GHz frequency band“. 18 ETSI EN 300 430: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Parameters for radio systems for the transmission of STM-1 digital signals operating in the 18 GHz frequency band with channel spacing of 55 MHz and 27,5 MHz“. 19 ETSI EN 300 198: “Fixed Radi
32、o Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Parameters for radio systems for the transmission of digital signals operating at 23 GHz“. 20 ETSI EN 301 785: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point packet data equipment; Parameters for radio systems with packet data interfaces for transmission of digital signals
33、 operating in the frequency range 7, 8, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, 28, 32, 38, 52 to 55 GHz“. 21 ETSI EN 300 431: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Parameters for radio system for the transmission of digital signals operating in the frequency range 24,50 GHz to 29,50 GHz“. 22 ETSI EN 300 197:
34、 “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Parameters for radio systems for the transmission of digital signals operating at 32 GHz and 38 GHz“. 23 ETSI EN 301 387: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH); Low and medium capacity digital radio sys
35、tems operating in the frequency band 48,5 GHz to 50,2 GHz“. 24 ETSI EN 301 786: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Parameters for digital radio systems for the transmission of digital signals operating at 52 GHz“. 25 ETSI EN 300 407: “Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point equipment; Param
36、eters for digital radio systems for the transmission of digital signals operating at 55 GHz“. 3 Symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: dB deciBel dBW deciBel relative to one Watt dBW/Hz deciBel relative to one Watt per Hertz fnNyq
37、uist frequency GHz GigaHertz ETSI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 7 Hz Hertz k boltzmanns constant MHz MegaHertz Mbit/s Megabit per second N Modulation schemerofCosine roll-off factor T Temperature in degrees Kelvin 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviat
38、ions apply: ATPC Automatic Transmit Power Control BER Bit Error Rate C/I Carrier to Interference CPM Continuous Phase Modulation CS Channel Spacing CW Continuous WaveEIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power FEC Forward Error Correction FS Fixed Service FSPL Free Space Path Loss GBR Gross Bit-Rat
39、e IF Intermediate Frequency M fade Margin N/I Noise to Interference NF Noise Figure NFD Net Filter Discrimination QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation RF Radio Frequency RSL Receive Signal Level Rx Receiver S/N Signal to Noise Tx Transmitter W/U Wanted to Unwanted XPD Cross-Polar Discrimination 4 Ove
40、rview This clause deals with the fundamental approach to noise limited assignments. 4.1 The Link Budget A link budget ensures that the Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) allocated to the transmitter maintains a pre-determined level of service defined by error performance and availability
41、. For example, a Bit Error Rate (BER) better than 10-6 andavailability of at least 99,99 % of time are commonly used as service levels. Figure 1 illustrates the major elements of propagation loss that are taken into consideration when assigning transmitter EIRPs to Fixed Service (FS) systems. All el
42、ements of propagation loss are frequency and path length dependent. Fade margin and gaseous absorption characteristics are addressed in ITU-R Recommendation P.530 1 and ITU-R Recommendation P.676 2 respectively. ETSI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 8 Transmitter Receiver Free Space Path Loss (FSPL)
43、 + Gaseous Absorption + Fade Margin Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) Receiver Losses Receiver Antenna Gain Figure 1: Fixed Link Budget Rx Reference Sensitivity Level = Tx EIRP - FSPL - Fade Margin - Gaseous Absorption + Rx Antenna Gain - Rx Losses. Tx EIRP = Rx Reference Sensitivity Le
44、vel - Rx Antenna Gain + Rx Losses + Gaseous Absorption + FSPL + Fade Margin. 4.1.1 Receiver input level The reference sensitivity calculated using the methodologies shown in tables 1 and 2 may be used as a theoretical guide figure. The level of reference sensitivity in most practical cases will be w
45、ithin a few dB of this theoretical level. When best practice noise figure and fixed losses are used in the calculation most, if not all, practical receiver reference sensitivities will be at or above the theoretical level but below that quoted in the relevant European standard. See annex D for guida
46、nce on S/N ratios and Noise Figure (NF) values. Table 1 sets out an example calculation for RSL. This method of calculation may be used in conjunction with a noise limited assignment system. Table 1: Example showing calculation of RSL Factor Notes Example values Channel Bandwidth (MHz) 14 Payload ra
47、te (Mbit/s) 34,368 Gross bit rate (Mbit/s) (including FEC and service channel) 1,1 x Payload rate (without FEC) 1,15 x payload rate (with FEC) = 1,15 34,368 Mbit/s 39,523 Modulation scheme 16 QAM (2nstates, n = 4) Thermal Noise kT (dBW/Hz) 10 log k (Boltzmanns constant) T (288 K) -204 Rx noise Bandw
48、idth Factor B (dBHz) 10 log 1,4 (Gross bit rate/n) = 10 log 1,4 (39,523 106/4) 71,4 Receiver Noise kTB (dBW) Thermal Noise (kT) + Bandwidth Factor (B) -132,6 Noise Figure (dB) See annex D 7,5 S/N for BER = 10-6(dB) See annex D 17,6 Fixed System Losses (dB) Assume 4 dB 4 Interference Margin (dB) (see
49、 clause 4.2.2) Assume 1 dB 1 RSL for BER = 10-6 (dBW) kTB + Noise Figure + Fixed System Losses + Interference Margin + S/N -102,5 Median Rx Input Level (dBW) RSL plus calculated fade margin -102,5 + M NOTE 1: Where figures are quoted they are shown as an example and do not relate to any specific frequency band, equipment type or European standard. NOTE 2: Column 3 uses as an example a 34 Mbit/s, 16 QAM system with FEC and occupying a bandwidth of 14 MHz. ETSI ETSI TR 101 854 V1.3.1 (2005-01) 9 An al
