1、 ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04)Technical Report Human Factors (HF);Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS);ICT in carsETSI ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04) 2Reference DTR/HF-00117 Keywords ICT, safety ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33
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4、thin ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present docum
5、ent, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telec
6、ommunications Standards Institute 2010. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM, TIPHONTM, the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizati
7、onal Partners. LTE is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04) 3Contents Intellectual Property Rights
8、 6g3Foreword . 6g3Introduction 6g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g32.1 Normative references . 7g32.2 Informative references 7g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 11g33.1 Definitions 11g33.2 Abbreviations . 12g34 Background 12g34.1 What is “ICT in cars“? 12g34.2 Previous work on ICT in cars . 13g34.3 Major
9、achievements during the last ten years and identified problems 13g35 Driver interactions 14g35.1 Introduction 14g35.2 Interaction with the car and passengers 14g35.3 Interaction with the immediate environment 14g35.4 Interaction with the planned route 15g36 Human performance issues 15g36.1 Fundament
10、al issues. 15g36.2 Vision . 15g36.3 Hearing . 16g36.4 Physical performance . 16g36.5 Hand-eye co-ordination 16g36.6 Attention and distraction 16g36.7 Cognitive overload . 18g36.7.1 Learning and behavioural adaptations to new driver support systems 18g36.8 Trust, reliability and accuracy 19g36.8.1 Su
11、fficient reliance on support systems 19g36.8.2 Over-reliance on support systems . 19g36.8.3 Trust and privacy 19g37 User interaction and information management 20g37.1 Fundamental principles 20g37.2 Input methods . 21g37.2.1 Alternative input methods . 21g37.2.2 Speech recognition and spoken command
12、s 22g37.3 Output methods 22g37.4 Alerting the driver 23g37.5 Multimodality . 23g37.6 Implementation of the user interaction methods 23g38 Ways of identifying a car occupant 24g38.1 Driver recognition 24g39 ICT Services . 26g39.1 Introduction 26g39.2 Safety related HMI . 26g39.3 Avoiding conflicts be
13、tween concurrent actions 26g39.4 Route related 27g39.5 Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) 27g39.5.1 Overview 27g3ETSI ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04) 49.5.2 Navigation systems linked to ITS services . 28g39.6 Services not part of the primary driving task 28g39.7 Commercial and security serv
14、ices 29g39.8 Services related to emergency situations 30g39.8.1 Introduction. 30g39.8.2 eCall service 30g39.8.3 Extended eSafety services 30g39.9 Nomadic device integration 30g39.10 Green ICT . 31g310 Personalization . 32g310.1 Current situation . 32g310.2 Ideal situation . 32g310.3 User profiles fo
15、r personalization 32g310.4 Service personalization examples . 32g310.4.1 Travel planning and navigation systems . 32g310.4.2 Information from the external environment 33g310.4.3 Parking assistance . 33g310.4.4 Comfort and entertainment . 33g310.4.5 eSafety services 33g310.4.6 Maintenance and reminde
16、rs 33g310.4.7 Adaptive assistance systems . 33g310.4.8 Green ICT . 34g310.4.9 Information acquisition . 34g311 Service and device integration . 35g311.1 Introduction 35g311.2 ITS vehicle station communication architecture 36g311.3 Architectural considerations for the HMI . 39g311.3.1 Introduction. 3
17、9g311.3.2 Availability of common interaction interfaces 39g311.3.3 Human-centred design 40g311.4 AIDE architecture for an integrated in-vehicle HMI system 40g311.4.1 Centralized control 40g311.4.2 Driver vehicle environment 42g311.4.3 AIDE in other projects 43g311.5 Benefits of an architecture with
18、centralised control . 43g312 The human in the design loop 44g312.1 Meeting the users needs . 44g312.2 A process 44g312.3 Analysis 44g312.4 Development 44g312.5 Test . 45g313 Scenarios 45g313.1 Travelling to catch a train . 45g313.2 eSafety services 47g313.3 Parking in cities 48g313.3.1 Background .
19、48g313.3.1.1 Targeted parking scenario . 49g313.3.1.2 Assisted parking 49g313.3.2 The parking in cities use case . 50g313.3.3 Human factors issues 52g314 Discussions and further work . 52g314.1 The application of personalization . 52g314.2 Alternate user interaction styles for in-car usage . 53g314.
20、3 Need for additional actions . 54g3Annex A: Detailed ICT service analysis . 55g3A.1 Safety related service examples . 55g3ETSI ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04) 5A.2 Other services . 59g3Annex B: Summary of existing work . 64g3B.1 Analysis of existing work . 64g3B.2 Other projects, standards activit
21、ies and initiatives analysed 76g3Annex C: ITS 77g3C.1 History of ITS . 77g3C.2 What is ITS? . 77g3C.3 How can ITS be categorised? . 78g3C.4 ITS Service Domains, Service Groups and Service Types 79g3C.4.1 Traveller Information . 80g3C.4.2 Traffic Management and Operations 80g3C.4.3 Vehicle Services .
22、 80g3C.4.4 Freight Transport and Logistics 81g3C.4.5 Public Transport . 81g3C.4.6 Emergency 81g3C.4.7 Transport-related Electronic Payment 82g3C.4.8 Road Transport Related Personal Safety 82g3C.4.9 Weather and environmental conditions monitoring 82g3C.4.10 Disaster response management and coordinati
23、on . 82g3C.4.11 National security 83g3C.4.12 ITS Data Management 83g3C.5 Other Views of ITS Services 83g3C.5.1 Services to Drivers . 83g3C.5.1.1 Driver/User Information Services . 84g3C.5.1.2 Driver Assistance Services . 84g3C.5.1.3 Collaborative Driver Assistance Services . 84g3C.5.1.4 Collaborativ
24、e Driving Services . 85g3C.5.1.5 Background services . 85g3C.5.2 Other categorization options. 85g3C.6 ITS Users 86g3History 87g3ETSI ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04) 6Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The inf
25、ormation pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from th
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27、 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Human Factors (HF). Intended readers of the present document are: manufacturers of vehicles and t
28、heir suppliers; manufacturers of after-market equipment intended for use in the vehicle; ITS service providers; mobile network operators; developers of equipment communicating with in-vehicle networks; suppliers of other services and devices that may be used in a vehicle; mobile communication device
29、 manufacturers; road administrations; road operators; insurance companies; European Research and Development projects. Introduction Whilst driving, the driver needs to focus on multiple tasks. This leads to varying levels of concentration and particularly a lower level of visual attention and abilit
30、y. The present document highlights the potential dangers of driver distraction and the consequential impact that this can have on road safety. The present document also considers the use of ICT by passengers and of ICT jointly used by drivers and passengers. The state of the art in the area has been
31、 studied, including the “European Statement of Principles on the Design of Human Machine Interaction, European Commission, 2006 (ESoP)“ i.21 which is currently being implemented by car manufacturers. Whereas the focus is on the users needs and applications in this area, the present document identifi
32、es potential possibilities and any limitation(s) of technical solutions and, where appropriate, provides examples of the application of the ESoP and suggests future actions in order to open up new service opportunities. ETSI ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04) 71 Scope The present document identifies t
33、he key aspects of use of ICT in cars and provides advice on safer and more effective use. Both the drivers and the passengers requirements are examined. Factors relating to the safe use of ICT and to the personalization of the user experience are identified. Issues with services and devices related
34、to both the driver and passengers are addressed, including devices which are: mounted rigidly in the vehicle, either fitted during manufacture or later (e.g. for navigation, entertainment, games, emergency assistance services); communicating with the in-vehicle network e.g. for connecting phones, na
35、vigation equipment; portable equipment used in the vehicle. Those aspects of ICT in cars with which the car user has no involvement are outside the scope of the present document. Also excluded from the scope are special functions designed exclusively for use in taxis or cars used as emergency servic
36、e vehicles. The approach taken in the present document is compatible with the European Statement of Principles on the Design of Human Machine Interaction i.21. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For
37、 a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes of the referr
38、ing document; - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee the
39、ir long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments
40、) applies. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any a
41、mendments) applies. i.1 ETSI EG 202 325: “Human Factors (HF); User Profile Management“. ETSI ETSI TR 102 762 V1.1.1 (2010-04) 8i.2 ETSI ES 202 746: “Human Factors (HF); Personalization and User Profile Management; User Profile Preferences and Information“. i.3 ETSI TS 102 747: “Human Factors (HF); P
42、ersonalization and User Profile Management; Architectural Framework“. i.4 ETSI EG 202 421: “Human Factors (HF); Multicultural and language aspects of multimedia communications“. i.5 ETSI ES 202 076: “Human Factors (HF); User Interfaces; Generic spoken command vocabulary for ICT devices and services“
43、. i.6 ETSI EG 202 417: “Human Factors (HF); User education guidelines for mobile terminals and services“. i.7 ETSI TR 102 638: “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; Basic Set of Applications; Definitions“. i.8 ETSI TS 102 665: “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular
44、 Communications Architecture“. i.9 ISO 4040 (2001): “Road vehicles - passenger cars - location of hand controls, indicators and tell-tales“. i.10 ISO 3958: “Road vehicles - Passenger car driver hand control reach“. i.11 ISO 2575 (2004): “Road Vehicles - Symbols for Controls, Indications and Telltale
45、s“. i.12 ISO 7000 (2004): “Graphical symbols for use on equipment - Index and synopsis“. i.13 ISO 14813-1:2006: “Intelligent transport systems - Reference model architecture(s) for the ITS sector - Part 1: ITS service domains, service groups and services“. i.14 ISO 14813-1:2007: “Intelligent transpo
46、rt systems - Reference model architecture(s) for the ITS sector - Part 1: ITS service domains, service groups and services“. i.15 ISO/EN 16951: “Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Procedure for determining priority of on-board messages presented to drive
47、rs“. i.16 ISO/EN 15005: “Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Dialogue management principles and compliance procedures“. i.17 ISO/EN 15006: “Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Specifications and compliance proc
48、edures for in-vehicle auditory presentation“. i.18 ISO/EN 15008: “Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Specifications and test procedures for in-vehicle visual presentation“. i.19 ISO 11429: “Ergonomics - System of auditory and visual danger and informatio
49、n signals“. i.20 ISO 17287: “Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Procedure for assessing suitability for use while driving“. i.21 European Commission (2006): “European Statement of Principles on the Design of Human Machine Interaction“. i.22 European Commission (1999): “European Statement of Principles on the Design of Human Machine Interaction, European Commission“. i.23 Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 Octob
