1、 ETSI TR 1Universal Mobile TelUniversal Terrrepeater planning(3GPP TR 25.9TECHNICAL REPORT 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016elecommunications System (rrestrial Radio Access (UTRAng guidelines and system ana.956 version 13.0.0 Release 1316-01) (UMTS); RA) n lysis 13) ETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)13GPP T
2、R 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 13Reference RTR/TSGR-0425956vd00 Keywords UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse
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9、P TR 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 13Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ET
10、SI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no
11、 investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical
12、Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities, UMTS identities or GSM identities. These should be interpreted as being references to the corresponding ETSI deliverable
13、s. The cross reference between GSM, UMTS, 3GPP and ETSI identities can be found under http:/webapp.etsi.org/key/queryform.asp. Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted
14、 as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. ETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)33GPP TR 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 13Contents Intellectual
15、 Property Rights 2g3Foreword . 2g3Modal verbs terminology 2g3Foreword . 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Symbols 7g33.3 Abbreviations . 7g34 System Impacts of Repeaters . 7g34.1 Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) . 7g34.2 Peak Code Domain E
16、rror (PCDE) 8g34.3 Frequency error 8g34.4 Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) . 8g34.5 Time Delay . 9g34.6 Location Services (LCS) 10g34.6.1 OTDOA 10g34.6.2 Cell coverage based positioning method 11g34.6.3 Network assisted GPS methods 11g34.7 Automatic Gain Control (AGC) . 11g34.8 Adjacent Channel
17、 Rejection Ratio (ACRR) . 12g35 Planning with Repeaters . 12g35.1 Sole System 12g35.1.1 Antenna Isolation 12g35.1.2 Coupling loss measurements. 13g35.1.3 Gain Settings . 13g35.1.4 Delay. 14g35.2 Co-existence with UTRA FDD 14g35.2.1 Out of band gain . 14g35.2.2 Isolation 14g35.2.2.1 Example on applic
18、ation of equations 15g35.3 Co-existence with UTRA TDD 16g35.3.1 Isolation 16g35.4 Co-existence with GSM 900 and/or DCS 1800 16g35.4.1 Isolation 16g35.5 Environments with low minimum coupling loss (MCL) 16g35.5.1 Normal repeater parameters 16g35.5.2 Repeater parameters adjusted to low MCL . 17g35.6 A
19、nalysis of out of band gain in the 3rd adjacent channel 18g35.6.1 MCL=70 dB 18g35.6.2 MCL=40 dB 18g36 System Simulations and Analysis 19g36.1 Down-link co-existence simulations 19g36.2 Outdoor coverage (High CLRep-UE) . 21g36.3 Indoor coverage (Low CLRep-UE) 22g36.4 Repeater up-link co-existence sim
20、ulations . 23g36.4.1 General 23g36.4.2 Simulation Assumptions . 25g36.4.3 Results 25g36.4.4 Conclusion 26g3ETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)43GPP TR 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 136.5 Repeater ACRR system impact simulations . 26g36.5.1 General 26g36.5.2 Simulation Description . 27g36.5.2.1 Inf
21、rastructure . 27g36.5.2.2 Preparation 27g36.5.2.3 Connection 28g36.5.2.4 Iterations . 28g36.5.2.5 Parameters used through out the simulations 29g36.5.3 Results 31g36.5.3.1 288 m between repeater A and BSB . 31g36.5.3.2 164 m minimum distance between repeater A and BSB . 45g36.5.4 Conclusions. 58g36.
22、5.5 Comments . 58g3Annex A: Change History . 59g3History 60g3ETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)53GPP TR 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 13Foreword This Technical Report has been produced by the 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP). The contents of the present document are subject to continuing
23、 work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: Version x.y.z where: x the first digit: 1 presente
24、d to TSG for information; 2 presented to TSG for approval; 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. z the third digit is incremented when editorial only c
25、hanges have been incorporated in the document. ETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)63GPP TR 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 131 Scope The purpose of the following document is to describe planning guidelines and system scenarios for UTRA repeaters. In addition it also contains simulations and analysi
26、s of the usage of repeaters in UMTS networks. 2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-
27、specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Rel
28、ease as the present document. 1 3GPP TR 25.942 2 R4-030365 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply, unless otherwise stated: Figure 3.1 ACRRRepA Adjacent Channel Rejection Ratio for repeater A. ACGRe
29、pAAdjacent Channel Gain for repeater A. CLBSA-UEACoupling Loss between Base Station A and the User Equipment A. CLRepA-UEA Coupling Loss between Repeater A and User Equipment A. dRepAGroup delay of repeater A. EDoCLBSA-RepAEffective Donor Coupling Loss between the donor Base Station A and the Repeat
30、er A. BSARepAUEAEDoCLBSA-RepACLBSA-UEACLRepA-UEAETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)73GPP TR 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 13GRepASet gain of Repeater A. GmaxRepAThe maximum Gain possible to set of Repeater A. MRepANoise Margin for repeater A. NFRepANoise Figure of repeater A. PrepAOutput power of
31、 repeater A. PmaxRepAMaximum output power of repeater A. PmaxBSAMaximum output power of base station A BS A UE A EDoCL BSA-RepA CL BSB-UEB CL RepA-UEB BS B CL BSB-UEA UE B Rep A CLBSB-RepAFigure 3.2 CLBSB-UEACoupling Loss between Base station B and the User equipment A. CLRepA-UEB Coupling Loss betw
32、een Repeater A and User equipment B. CLBSB-RepA Coupling Loss between Bas station B and Repeater A. CLBSB-UEB Coupling Loss between base station B and User equipment B. SsIR Signal to self Interference Ratio. (Described below) 3.2 Symbols (void) 3.3 Abbreviations (void) 4 System Impacts of Repeaters
33、 4.1 Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) The introduction of a repeater has an impact in the EVM of the system. The basic effect is reflected in a system noise rise, which can be calculated from the EVM value the received signal exhibits. The formula is Noise rise = 10 log(1 + EVM) In the scenario of a Rep
34、eater amplifying the signal the EVM of the signal is calculated according to the following formula for uncorrelated processes: (EVM_total) = (EVM_NodeB) + (EVM_Repeater) Taking the specified value of 17,5 % for both the Node B (as well as for the UE) and the Repeater result in a total EVM of 24,7 %.
35、 Calculating the noise rise for the Repeater scenario gives a value of 0,26 dB in the area of the repeaters ETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)83GPP TR 25.956 version 13.0.0 Release 13coverage. This compares to a noise rise in a scenario without Repeater of 0,13 dB. The difference between the two
36、 numbers is the worst-case closed loop power rise in an otherwise perfect system that would occur with a Repeater being used. 4.2 Peak Code Domain Error (PCDE) In the specification of the Peak Code Domain Error value of the Repeater -35 dB is used. The number for the Node B is -33dB. If we assume th
37、e processes in the Repeater that lead to the PCDE being independent of the equivalent process in the Node B we can assume that they can be treated as noise. In this case the resulting value for PCDE is calculated from the linear addition of the two signals that will lead to -31 dB. This is a 2 dB de
38、gradation to the value of the Node B. For the repeated cell the degradation might be negligible. In case of a neighbour cell the might be affected to some extend. Presumably the soft handover gain will be reduced by the tenth of a dB. 4.3 Frequency error The effect of the additional frequency error
39、will be a reduction of the maximum speed. In the repeater core specification the minimum requirement on frequency stability is 0,01 ppm. Hence, with the 0,05 ppm minimum requirement for the base station frequency stability the resulting “worst case“ for a signal that have been amplified by the repea
40、ter is 0,06 ppm. 4.4 Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) With regard to the mentioned ACLR we have to investigate the behaviour of the Repeater. For this reason we use the model shown in the following Figure 4.1: Figure 4.1: Simplified Repeater model. The Repeater in its basic function is bi-direc
41、tional amplifier of RF signals from Base Stations in the downlink path and from Universal Equipments (UE) as mobile stations in the uplink path. The operating bands in which the Repeater amplifies is determined by the IF filter in its bandwidth and by the duplexer filter in its frequency range for o
42、perational configuration. In our discussion we will use the parameters defined in Table 4.1. Table 4.1: Parameters of the Repeater model. Parameter Description Unit Assumed value Comment G Repeater gain dB 90 dB UL and Dl gain should be the same for a balanced link. Pout_DL_max maximum Repeater aver
43、age output power measured with WCDMA signal according to model 1 of TS25.141. dBm 30 dBm DL value Pout_UL_max maximum Repeater average output power measured with WCDMA signal according to model 1 of TS25.141. dBm 12 dBm UL value NF Repeater Noise Figure dB 5 dB valid for UL and DL N_therm (30 kHz) T
44、hermal Noise Power density in a Bandwidth of 30 kHz dBm / 30 kHz -129 dBm / 30kHz -174 dBm/Hz (at 25 C) + 45 dB S (30 kHz) WCDMA Signal Power Density dBm / 30 kHz Pout - 21 dB the factor of 21 dB is the relation of channel bandwidth to 30 kHz ETSI ETSI TR 125 956 V13.0.0 (2016-01)93GPP TR 25.956 ver
45、sion 13.0.0 Release 13The Repeater output noise density can be calculated according to the formula: N_Rep (30kHz) = N_therm (30kHz) +NF + G = -34 dBm/30 kHz . Considering the output of the Repeater in the Downlink path we will find an average power 30 dBm in the WCDMA channel. This is resulting in a
46、 signal density of S_Downlink = +9 dBm/30 kHz. This leads to a signal-to-noise ratio of the Downlink of: S / N_Downlink = 43 dB. The Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) as defined for BS is stating -45 dB for the first adjacent channel and -50 dB for the second adjacent channel. This situation is
47、illustrated in Figure 4.2. In the Repeater case the resulting output frequency spectrum is shown below. PowerDensityindBm/HzFrequency in MHzthermal Output NoiseWCDMA Signal with ACLRaccording BS Spec.S/NFig. 4.2: Repeater output frequency spectrum. It is obvious that the ACLR cannot be measured in t
48、he Repeater case due to the fact that the this signal is below the amplifier thermal noise of the Repeater amplifier chain. This even get worse when the Uplink is considered. As in this path the maximum average value of the output power is reduced to 12 dBm resulting in a signal power density of S =
49、 -9dBm / 30 kHz, the signal-to-noise ratio will be even smaller: S / N_Uplink = -9 dBm / 30 kHz - (-43 dBm / 30 kHz) = 34 dB. This collision is the reason why the ACLR requirement as it is written for the BS equipment cannot be met with a Repeater. The ACLR measurement will be limited by the thermal noise of the Repeater amplifier chain. Spectral components (noise, ACP, intermodulation products, spurious signals, .) falling outside the operating band are fully addressed in the TS 25.106 subclause 9. 4.5 Time Delay Using common narrow band filter technologies (
