1、 ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07) Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Performance characterization of the Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) speech codec (3GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 15) TECHNICAL REPORT E
2、TSI ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)13GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 15Reference RTR/TSGS-0426976vf00 Keywords GSM,LTE,UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but
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9、 owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)23GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 15Intellectual Property Rights Essential patents IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential
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12、ch are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Trademarks The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners. ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and
13、conveys no right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI 3
14、rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities, UMTS identities or GSM identities. These should be interpreted as being references to the corresponding ETSI deliverables. The cross reference between GSM, UMT
15、S, 3GPP and ETSI identities can be found under http:/webapp.etsi.org/key/queryform.asp. Modal verbs terminology In the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verba
16、l forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. ETSI ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)33GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 15Contents Intellectual Property Rights 2g3Foreword . 2g3Modal verbs terminology 2g3
17、Foreword . 6g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g33 Abbreviations . 9g34 General . 10g34.1 Project history 10g34.2 Overview of the wideband codec work item 11g34.3 Presentation of the following clauses . 11g35 Performance requirements 12g36 Introduction to the testing of AMR-WB speech codec 12g36.1 AMR-WB Ch
18、aracterisation Phase 12g36.1.1 Characterisation testing in ITU . 13g36.1.2 Characterisation testing in TSG-GERAN . 14g36.2 AMR-WB Verification Phase. 14g36.3 AMR-WB floating-point verification phase . 14g37 Important notes about the interpretation of test results 15g38 Performance in self-tandeming
19、and with variation of the input speech level. 16g39 Interoperability Performance in Real World Wideband Scenarios 17g310 Interoperability Performance in Real World Narrowband Scenarios . 18g311 Performance of VAD/DTX/CNG Algorithm . 19g312 Performance in Static Errors under Clean Speech Conditions i
20、n GSM GMSK . 20g313 Performance in Background Noise in Static C/I Conditions in GSM GMSK 22g314 Performance in Static Errors under Clean Speech Conditions in 3G . 23g315 Performance in Background Noise in Static C/I Conditions in 3G 25g316 Performance in Static Errors under Clean Speech Conditions i
21、n GERAN 8-PSK FR and HR channels 27g317 Effects of Bit Rate, Input Level, and VAD/DTX (DCR) . 28g318 Effects of Bit Rate, Tandeming, and Background Noise (DCR) 35g319 Effects of Wideband Coding and Test Method on Music Quality (ACR, DCR) . 39g320 Performances with DTMF Tones . 42g321 Performance wit
22、h Special Input Signals. 43g321.1 Arbitrary signal 43g321.2 Bursty random noise signals . 44g321.3 Background noise signals . 44g321.4 Sinusoidal signals . 47g321.5 Square wave signals . 47g321.6 All zero signal 48g321.7 Long speech signal (radio play) . 48g321.8 Sinusoidal signals with bad frames 4
23、8g321.9 Summary 48g3ETSI ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)43GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 1522 Overload Performance 49g323 Muting Behaviour 49g324 Language Dependency . 50g325 Transmission Delay 51g326 Frequency Response . 52g327 Signalling Tones . 54g328 Complexity Analysis 56g329 Comfort No
24、ise Generation . 57g329.1 VAD . 57g329.2 Voice/Channel activity . 58g329.3 Clipping 60g329.4 Comfort Noise Synthesis 61g329.5 Summary 62g330 Performance with music signals (informal expert listening) 63g331 Switching Performance between AMR and AMR-WB modes 64g3Annex A: Detailed information about th
25、e AMR-WB selection phase . 65g3A.1 Performance requirements 65g3A.1.1 GSM FR channel (applications A and B) . 65g3A.1.2 Higher rate channels (applications C and E) 66g3A.1.3 Other requirements and objectives . 66g3A.1.4 Testing of performance requirements in the selection tests 67g3A.2 Selection pro
26、cedure and methodology for comparison of candidates 67g3A.2.1 Design constraints (Rule 1) 68g3A.2.2 Speech quality 68g3A.2.2.1 Failures in meeting performance requirements (Rule 2) . 68g3A.2.2.2 Direct comparison of candidates (Rule 3) . 69g3A.3 Selection phase listening tests 69g3A.3.1 Overview of
27、the test plan 70g3A.3.2 Schedule of the selection tests and related activities 71g3A.4 Results of the selection tests . 72g3A.4.1 Comparison against performance requirements . 72g3A.4.2 Direct comparison of candidates 73g3A.4.3 Conclusions on the AMR-WB codec candidates 73g3A.5 Highlights of the bes
28、t candidate codec (Codec 3) based on the selection tests 74g3A.6 Key Selection Phase Documents in 3GPP FTP-site . 74g3A.7 Extracts from the AMR-WB Selection Test Results 75g3A.8 Global Analysis Spreadsheet 78g3A.9 Complexity of the AMR-WB Candidate Codecs . 78g3Annex B: AMR-WB Floating-Point Verific
29、ation 80g3B.1 Subjective test results . 80g3B.2 Non-speech signals . 81g3B.3 Bit-Exactness, Idle-Channel Behaviour and Long-Term Stability Performance . 82g3B.4 Music Performance (Expert Listening Tests) . 83g3B.5 Overload Performance 83g3B.6 Transparency of Codec for DTMF signals . 84g3ETSI ETSI TR
30、 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)53GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 15B.7 Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) 88g3B.8 Operation of the VAD and comfort noise 96g3Annex C: Change history 103g3History 104g3ETSI ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)63GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 15Foreword T
31、his Technical Report has been produced by the 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP). The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released
32、by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows: Version x.y.z where: x the first digit: 1 presented to TSG for information; 2 presented to TSG for approval; 3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control. y the second digit is in
33、cremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc. z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document. ETSI ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)73GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 151 Scope The present docu
34、ment provides information of the AMR Wideband (AMR-WB) Characterisation, Verification and Selection Phases. Experimental test results from the speech quality related testing are reported to illustrate the behaviour of the AMR-WB codec. Additional information is provided, e.g., on implementation comp
35、lexity of the AMR-WB codec. Also the verification results for the floating-point version of the AMR-WB codec (3GPP TS 26.204) are presented. 2 References The following documents contain provisions, which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. - References are
36、 either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. - For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including a GSM docume
37、nt), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same Release as the present document. 1 3GPP TR 26.901: “AMR wideband speech codec; Feasibility study report (Release 4)“. 2 Tdoc SP-99060: “Proposed TSG-S4 Work Items for approval“, 3GPP TSG-SA meeting #2,
38、 2-4 March, 1999 (Fort Lauderdale, USA). 3 Tdoc SP-99354: “Common WI description for the Wideband Codec“, 3GPP TSG-SA meeting #5, 11-13 October, 1999 (Kjongju, South Korea). 4 Tdoc SP-000259: “AMR Wideband Speech Codec Qualification Phase Report“, 3GPP TSG-SA#8, 26-28 June, 2000 (Dusseldorf, Germany
39、) 5 Tdoc SP-000555: “Results of AMR Wideband (AMR-WB) Codec Selection Phase“, 3GPP TSG-SA, Bangkok, Thailand, December 2000. 6 Tdoc S4-000321: “Permanent Project Document: AMR Wideband Performance Requirements (WB-3, version 2.2)“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 7 Tdoc S4-000508: “Permanent Project Document: Selectio
40、n Rules for AMR-WB (WB-5b, version 1.1)“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 8 Tdoc S4-000340: “Permanent Project Document: Design Constraints (WB-4, version 1.3)“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 9 Tdoc S4-000427: “Permanent Project Document: AMR Wideband Codec Development Project Deliverables for the Selection Test (WB-6b, version 2.0)“,
41、 3GPP TSG-S4. 10 Tdoc S4-000382: “Permanent Project Document: AMR-WB Selection Test Plan (WB-8b, version 1.0)“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 11 Tdoc S4-000389: “Permanent Project Document: Processing Functions for WB-AMR Subjective Experiments (WB-7, v.1.0)“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 12 3GPP TR 21.905: “Vocabulary for 3GPP Spe
42、cifications“. 13 Tdoc S4-010463: “Test Plan for the AMR Wideband Characterisation Phase 1 v.1.2“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 14 Tdoc S4-010008: “Complexity verification report of the AMR-WB codec“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 15 Tdoc S4-010393: “Results of cross-language comparisons for Experiments 1, 2 and 5 of the AMR-WB Char
43、acterisation Phase 1A“, 3GPP TSG-S4. ETSI ETSI TR 126 976 V15.0.0 (2018-07)83GPP TR 26.976 version 15.0.0 Release 1516 Tdoc S4-010021: “DTMF transparency of the AMR-WB speech codec“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 17 Tdoc S4-010050: “AMR WB Verification: Switching Performance Between AMR WB and AMR“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 18
44、Tdoc S4-010052: “Verification of the delays for the Wideband AMR codec“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 19 Tdoc S4-010158: “WB-AMR Verification results: Performance with music signals (expert Listening tests)“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 20 Tdoc S4-010228: “AMR-WB Verification: Special input signals“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 21 Tdoc S4-01023
45、0: “AMR-WB verification: Testing of Comfort Noise Generation System“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 22 Tdoc S4-010379: “AMR-WB verification : frequency response“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 23 Tdoc S4-010608: “AMR-WB verification: Signaling Tones“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 24 Tdoc S4-010040: “AMR Wideband Verification Phase - Muting Behaviou
46、r“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 25 Tdoc S4-010330: “AMR WB Verification: Overload Performance“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 26 Tdoc S4-020049r1: “Verification of floating-point implementation of AMR-WB using Wideband-PESQ“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 27 Tdoc S4-020124: “Addendum to Verification of floating-point implementation of AMR-WB using
47、 Wideband-PESQ“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 28 Tdoc S4-020270: “AMR-WB Floating-Point Verification: VAD and Comfort Noise Performance“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 29 Tdoc S4-020113: “AMR WB Floating-point C-Code Verification: Overload Performance“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 30 Tdoc S4-020080: “AMR-WB Floating-Point Verification: Music Perf
48、ormance (Expert Listening Tests)“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 31 Tdoc S4-020079: “AMR-WB Floating-Point Verification: Bit-Exactness, Idle-Channel Behavior and Long-Term Stability Performance“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 32 Tdoc S4-020114: “Transparency of AMR-WB (Floating-Point) Codec for DTMF signals“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 33 Tdoc S4
49、-020077: “Verification of AMR-WB floating point“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 34 Tdoc S4-020062: “Verification results of the AMR-WB floating-point codec“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 35 Tdoc S4-020064: “Subjective test results of the AMR-WB floating-point codec“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 36 Tdoc S4-010230: “AMR-WB verification: Testing of Comfort Noise Generation System“, 3GPP TSG-S4. 37 TSG S4#12(00): “Processing Functions for WB-AMR Subjective Experiments“, Annex A, 3GPP TSG-S4#12(00). 38 Tdoc 304/98: “On the Performance of proposed AMR VAD
