1、 ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05) Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Reference scenario for the deployment of emergency communications; Part 1: Earthquake TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ETSI ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05)2 Reference DTS/SES-00341-1 Keywords emergency, satellite ETSI 650 Rout
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6、ht Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The co
7、pyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2015. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI
8、 registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05)3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g3Introductio
9、n 5g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g32.1 Normative references . 7g32.2 Informative references 7g33 Definitions and Abbreviations 8g33.1 Definitions 8g33.2 Abbreviations . 9g34 Disaster scenario 10g34.1 General . 10g34.2 Scenario definition . 10g34.2.1 General 10g34.2.2 Physical effects . 11g34.2.2.1 Coll
10、apse of buildings. 11g34.2.2.2 Fire 11g34.2.3 Disruption of infrastructure. 12g34.2.3.1 Road access . 12g34.2.3.2 Power 12g34.2.3.3 Water supply . 12g34.2.3.4 Sanitation 12g34.2.3.5 Telecommunication . 12g34.3 Tasks and activities 12g34.4 Disaster response actions 12g34.4.1 General 12g34.4.2 Emergen
11、cy management . 13g34.4.3 Risk management and damage mitigation 14g34.4.4 Casualty Logistics . 16g35 Information Exchanges. 17g35.1 General . 17g35.2 Communication needs between emergency management hierarchies 19g35.3 Communication needs by action 20g35.3.1 Emergency management . 20g35.3.2 Risk man
12、agement and damage mitigation 21g35.3.2.1 Road access . 21g35.3.2.2 Assessment and handling of specific risks 22g35.3.2.3 Fire-fighting 23g35.3.2.4 Rescue . 25g35.3.2.5 Maintenance of public order . 28g35.3.2.6 Provisions 28g35.3.3 Casualty logistics 30g35.3.3.1 Overview . 30g35.3.3.2 Treatment and
13、medical evacuation 31g35.3.3.3 Temporary shelter and evacuation 35g35.4 Characteristics of Emergency Communication Services 36g35.4.1 Speech services . 36g35.4.1.1 General 36g35.4.1.2 PMR group call channels 36g35.4.2 Paging (short message) services . 37g35.4.3 Status monitoring and location service
14、s 37g35.4.4 Data services . 37g3ETSI ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05)4 6 Topology model . 38g36.1 General . 38g36.2 Model graphics . 38g36.3 Model specification 40g36.3.1 Scenario quantities 40g36.3.2 Locations 41g36.3.2.1 On-site. 41g36.3.2.2 Off-site 42g36.3.3 On-site actors 42g3Annex A (informa
15、tive): Major recent earthquakes . 44g3Annex B (informative): Detailed scenario definition . 45g3Annex C (informative): Disaster response actions - timelines . 46g3C.1 Emergency management 46g3C.2 Risk management and damage mitigation 46g3C.2.1 Road access 46g3C.2.2 Assessment and handling of specifi
16、c risks . 47g3C.2.3 Fire fighting 47g3C.2.4 Rescue 48g3C.2.5 Maintenance of public order . 48g3C.2.6 Provisions . 48g3C.2.6.1 Power supply restoration 48g3C.2.6.2 Water, food and sanitation 48g3C.2.6.3 Telecommunication 49g3C.3 Casualty logistics 49g3C.3.1 Treatment and medical evacuation . 49g3C.3.
17、2 Temporary shelter and evacuation 49g3Annex D (informative): Modelling specification of objects, parameters and behaviour . 51g3D.1 Modelling assumptions. 51g3D.2 Pseudo-code describing the model behaviour 51g3D.2.1 Pseudo-code describing the initialization of the model including placement of locat
18、ions . 51g3D.2.2 Pseudo code describing the mobility and sequential actions of the respective actors 52g3D.2.3 Pseudo code describing the end of the incident and “ramp down“ . 55g3D.3 Modelling action/time parameters 56g3D.4 Objects and their parameters 57g3D.4.1 Locations on-site 57g3D.4.2 Location
19、s off-site 58g3D.4.3 Actors . 59g3History 63g3ETSI ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05)5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ET
20、SI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ip
21、r.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential t
22、o the present document. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES). The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering the reference scenario for the deployment of emergency communications, as i
23、dentified below: Part 1: “Earthquake“; Part 2: “Mass casualty incident in public transportation“. Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “may not“, “need“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as descri
24、bed in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Introduction Major emergencies or disasters may result in a need for additional resources in local telecommuni
25、cations networks, especially if they are damaged or overloaded, in order to maintain or enhance the ability of emergency services to respond and coordinate their activities effectively. Satellites can play a role in replacing or supplementing other telecommunications links in these scenarios. For ex
26、ample satellite systems can provide: broadband and secure communication facilities anywhere/anytime in locations where no other facilities are available; and temporary replacement of broken/saturated infrastructures by means of backhauling; fast deployment of temporary communication networks in emer
27、gency situations. Hence a basis for requirements for such links needs to be established, and it is intended that the scenarios defined here may be used for this purpose at a later stage. The present document is also a response to EC mandate M/496 i.12, specifically dossier 9 “Disaster Management“ pa
28、rt 2: “Emergency Telecommunication Services“ which aims to support standardization for the optimal needs of the emergency responders. The use of satellite communication in disasters is described in ETSI TS 102 181 i.1. ETSI ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05)6 In the present document clause 4 defines
29、 the scenario, in terms of physical effects, what actions need to be taken by which actors (who will have communications needs) and what their tasks are. This definition constitutes a basis for clause 5, which defines the nature of information exchanges needed. Clause 6 defines the detailed paramete
30、rs relating to positions and movements of scenario actors, which are intended to forma basis for modelling of the scenario response topology. These parameters are generic enough to be applicable or adapted to similar but different scenarios, and may eventually be used to model the requirements for a
31、ctors communication exchanges, and associated capacities. ETSI ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05)7 1 Scope The present document defines an earthquake disaster scenario. The scenario includes definition of the responders involved and their gross communication needs without specifying the network tech
32、nologies involved. Finally the topology modelling of the responders involved is defined, in terms of their disposition in the Incident Area, their time evolution and their movements (if any). The scenario is not generic in the sense of representing all emergencies of this type, but is intended to be
33、 a “typical“ example, and thus a reference in order to allow evaluation and dimensioning of required overall emergency telecommunications. The regulations and operating procedures for Emergency Responses vary between countries e.g. the organization responsible for the emergency can be the police, th
34、e fire and rescue organization, a dedicated organization for this purpose (e.g. civil protection) or others. The response services defined are limited to safety-related services (i.e. not security such as law enforcement). Casualties and personnel not active in the rescue operations (e.g. the press)
35、 have been excluded, as their communications needs are not covered by the emergency communication systems considered here, but their needs are considered in ETSI TR 102 410 i.2. 2 References 2.1 Normative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition num
36、ber or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location mi
37、ght be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. Not applicable. 2.2
38、 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendm
39、ents) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particul
40、ar subject area. i.1 ETSI TS 102 181: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communication between authorities/organizations during emergencies“. i.2 ETSI TR 102 410: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Basis of requirements for communications between individuals and between individuals
41、and authorities whilst emergencies are in progress“. i.3 ETSI TR 102 643: “Human Factors (HF); Quality of Experience (QoE) requirements for real-time communication services“. ETSI ETSI TS 103 260-1 V1.1.1 (2015-05)8 i.4 Recommendation ITU-T G.114: “Series g: Transmission systems and media, digital s
42、ystems and networks. One-way transmission time“. i.5 European Union Handbook on assistance intervention in the Frame of community mechanism for the cooperation of civil protection. i.6 United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination UNDAC Field Handbook. i.7 Hamdi Monia, Franck Laurent and Lagra
43、nge Xavier: “Topology modelling and network partitioning: an application to forest firefighting“. Radio science bulletin, 2013, pp.8-20. i.8 Franck Laurent, Hamdi Monia and Giraldo Rodriguez Carlos: “Topology modelling of emergency communication networks: caveats and pitfalls“; The International Eme
44、rgency Management Society Workshop 2011, The International Management Society, 22-23 June 2011, Nmes, France, 2011. i.9 Aschenbruck Nils, Gerhards-Padilla Elmar and Martini Peter: “Modelling mobility in disaster area scenarios“. Performance Evaluation, 2009, vol. 66, n 12, p. 773-790. i.10 Schwambor
45、n Matthias, Aschenbruck Nils and Martini Peter: “A realistic trace-based mobility model for first responder scenarios“. Proceedings of the 13th ACM international conference on Modeling, analysis, and simulation of wireless and mobile systems, Bodrum, Turkey, October 17-21, 2010. i.11 Huang Ying, He
46、Wenbo, Nahrstedt Klara and Lee Whay C.:“CORPS: Event-driven mobility model for first responders in incident scene“. Proceedings of the IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM08), November 2008, pp. 1-7. i.12 EC mandate M/496: “M/496 Mandate addressed to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI to develop stand
47、ardisation regarding spaceindustry (phase 3 of the process)“. 3 Definitions and Abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: casualty: individual in the incident area and requiring evacuation including those who are: (i) non-injur
48、ed, but affected, (ii) injured and treated on site, (iii) injured and needing treatment off-site (medevac), and (iv) deceased. common operating picture (COP): single display of information collected from and shared by more than one agency or organization that contributes to a common understanding of
49、 a situation and its associated hazards and risks along with the position of resources and other overlays of information that support individual and collective decision making i.5 control centre: operations centre from which the management and co-ordination of the response by each emergency service to an emergency are carried out i.5 emergency control centre (ECC): facilities used by emergency organizations to handle rescue actions in response to emergency calls ETSI TS 102 181 i.1 emergency service: service, recognized as such by t
