1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW14166 Torque, Angle Evaluation of Fastened Joints Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 9 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes appl
2、icable laws and regulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. Determine the dynamic torque angle characteristics, failure mode, if any, of the threaded fastener joint. 1.2 Foreword. 1.2.1 Limitations. T
3、his procedure does not apply to Pulse tools. 1.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, any requirements or direction provided in the test request documentation will supercede this test procedure. 1.3 Applicability. Unless otherwise specified, this procedure applies to the initial tightening event of joints
4、using new threaded fasteners, bearing surfaces and clamped members for each joint. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. None 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW25 2.3 Additional References. D.C. Elect
5、ric Tool Manufacturers Operating Manual Data Acquisition System Manufacturers Operating Procedure. 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. GM Approved Laboratory or location for this test procedure. 3.2 Equipment. 3.2.1 Torque angle transducer. 3.2.2 Data acquisition system capable of collecting data at a sampl
6、ing rate of at least 1000 Hz, plotting data at user specified scales, and identifying data at all points on the curve. 3.2.3 Tightening tool. 3.2.4 Appropriate fixtures, bedplate, or slotted table. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. 3.3.1 A complete bill of materials of required test pieces will be specif
7、ied in the test request documentation. 3.3.2 Unless otherwise specified, a minimum of 8 samples are to be used for this procedure. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-
8、,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14166 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 2 of 9 3.4 Test Time. Calendar time: 2 days Test hours: 12 hours Coordination hours: 4 hours 3.5 Test Required Information. Test request documentation shall outline specific i
9、nformation and test parameters (see Appendix A, as a guide). 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Test Technician shall be qualified on the basis of appropriate education, training, experience and/or demonstrated skills. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the test request, samples are
10、 to be tested in the as-received condition. This excludes any condition specifically caused by material storage or configuration (e.g., if debris falls into a threaded hole from laboratory rework, it is acceptable to blow debris out of holes). 4.1.2 Any modifications to parts, not specifically reque
11、sted in the test request, which may affect test results, are to be documented in the test notes. All test configurations, parts and noted deviations to be approved prior to executing test. 4.2 Conditions. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this
12、 standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.2.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, test conditions shall be outlined in the test request documentation. 4.2.2.2 Optional. Strength of fasteners with respect to minimum
13、 material specifications may be evaluated prior to this testing by one or more of the methods outlined in GMW25. 4.3 Instructions. 4.3.1 Review part quantities and condition. 4.3.2 Secure test part to T-slot table or fixture. 4.3.3 Select proper tool and transducer with angle encoder. 4.3.4 Configur
14、e data acquisition system to collect torque and angle data (reference Manufacturers Operating Procedure). 4.3.5 Align tool and torque transducer to prevent side loading. 4.3.6 Unless otherwise specified, test requestor is to approve test setup. 4.3.7 Take photograph or digital image of test configur
15、ation. 4.3.8 Measure and document tool free spinning speed. 4.3.9 Unless otherwise specified, run the first sample to joint failure recording torque, angle, and failure mode (if any). Review with requestor and receive approval prior to proceeding. 4.3.10 If necessary, make corrections to test config
16、uration to comply with instructions of requestor. 4.3.11 Complete test matrix. 4.3.12 Summarize results according to requirements in Section 5 of this procedure. 5 Data 5.1 Calculations. Not applicable. 5.2 Interpretation of Results. Not applicable. 5.2.1 Summary of Results. Required. 5.2.1.1 Provid
17、e statistical analysis of maximum torques. Calculate averages, minimum values, maximum values, and standard deviation. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLD
18、WIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14166 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 3 of 9 5.2.1.2 Provide detail of failure modes consisting of, but not limited to, fastener fracture, component fracture, component distortion or internal or external thread stripping (if
19、applicable). 5.2.1.3 Test incidents to be recorded on Test Data Summary Sheet (similar to Appendix B). 5.2.1.4 Test data summarization to be on Test Data Log Sheet (similar to Appendix C) and Torque Angle Data Sheet (similar to Appendix D). 5.2.1.5 Required plots and tabular data tables include item
20、s shown in Table 1. Where: I Individual sample plots M Multiple sample plot D Dual Y axis plots S Statistical plot T Tabular data table followed by the incremental value Table 1: Torque Tightening Strategy 5.2.2 Summary of Results Optional. After reviewing required data summarization, requestor may
21、ask for additional items, including but not limited to the following: 5.2.2.1 Summary of results including, but not limited to: upper proportional limit torques, lower proportional limit torques, ultimate torques, and prevailing torques. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license
22、 with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14166 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 4 of 9 5.2.2.2 Optional plots and tabular data tables include items
23、shown in Table 2. Where: I Individual sample plots M Multiple sample plot D Dual Y axis plots S Statistical plot T Tabular data table followed by the incremental value Table 2: Torque Angle Tightening Strategy 5.2.2.3 Magnified Scale Plot - Additional plots re-scaled to magnify desired detail of cur
24、ves. 5.3 Test Documentation. See Section 5.2.1. 6 Safety This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
25、 safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 7 Notes 7.1 Glossary. Failure modes: May consist of, but are not limited to, fastener fracture, component fracture, component distortion or internal or external thread stripping. Fracture is defined
26、as the partial or complete separation of one or more of the joint components. Lower proportional limit: Lower Y value limit for the linear portion of the torque/angle curve on an X-Y plot. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo repr
27、oduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14166 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 5 of 9 Maximum torque: Maximum torque value observed during testing of the joint. Prevailing torque: Maximum torque v
28、alue observed while rotating the fastener prior to contacting the clamped member of the joint. Test request documentation: Forms outlining specific requirements, procedures, and desired results of laboratory test to be performed. Ultimate torque: Maximum torque the joint can tolerate prior to fractu
29、re or strip. Upper proportional limit: Upper Y value limit for the linear portion of the torque/angle curve on an X-Y plot. Zero angle reference torque: Torque value at which the angle of all samples recorded is set to zero for analysis purposes. 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols. CCW Counter
30、clockwise CW Clockwise MPD Master Process Document RPM Revolutions per Minute 8 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: Test to GMW14166 9 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in June 2005. It was first approved by Global Fastener
31、 Team in January 2006. It was first published in February 2006. Issue Publication Date Description (Organization) 1 FEB 2006 Initial publication. 2 NOV 2012 Five year refresh of document. Updated GMW specifications, Scope, Test Time and data reporting requirements allowed to be more flexible. (Faste
32、ning and Sealing Test Lab Global Subsystem Leadership Team) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14166 Copyright 2012 General
33、Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 6 of 9 Appendix A Test Required Information Worksheet Test Title: _Model Year/Program: _ Test Request No.: _ Requestor/Phone: _ 1. Part Disposition at Completion: _ 2. Required Completion Date: _ 3. Master Process Document or Diagram Attached? Y
34、N, If Yes, MPD Number _ 4. Tightening Sequence Required Y N (If Yes, Attach Diagram) 5. Number and Orientation of Tool Spindles _ (Attach Diagram If Necessary) 6. Tool Type: _ 7. Tool Free Spinning Speed: _ RPM Maximum Torque: _ Nm 8. Tool Downshift Y N (If Yes, Downshift Parameter _ Downshift Free
35、Speed _) 9. Tool Rotation: Clockwise Counterclockwise (CW CCW) 10. Tool Trigger: Torque _ Nm Angle _ Degrees 11. Requested Tightening Specification If Applicable: _Nm. To Fail? Y N 12. Current Tightening Specification If Applicable: _Nm. To Target? _N-m 13. Test Piece Orientation (Attach Diagram If
36、Necessary) 14. Test Coupon Used? Y N, If Yes, Drawing or Sketch Required. Test Matrix Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW141
37、66 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 7 of 9 Appendix B Test Data Summary Sheet General Motors Fastener Test Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted witho
38、ut license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14166 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 8 of 9 Appendix C Test Data Log Sheet Fastener Test File Log and Summary Page _ of _ Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with Ge
39、neral Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14166 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2012 Page 9 of 9 Appendix D Torque Angle Data Sheet Page _of _ TORQUE (Nm) vs. ANGLE (
40、ANGLE INDEPENDENT, TORQUE DEPENDENT) ANGLE FROM ZERO ANGLE REFERENCE TORQUE Note 1 OF _ Nm Note 1: Zero Angle Reference Torque - Torque value at which the angle of all samples recorded is set to zero for analysis purposes. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
