1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS General Specification GMW16880 Label Application to Automotive Components Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved December 2012 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 3 1 Introduction Note: Nothing in this standard su
2、percedes applicable laws and regulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Scope. This procedure is intended to serve as a general guideline for label installation. This standard describes the procedure for appl
3、ying a label to a painted metal, glass, plastic, cloth or other material surface. The label can be either a pressure-sensitive adhesive attached label or a heat-transfer label. An in-process tape adhesion test for heat transfer labels is also included. 1.2 Mission/Theme. Not applicable. 1.3 Classifi
4、cation. Not applicable. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. None 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. 9982266 GMW3059 GMW14829 2.3 Additional References. None 3 Requirements 3.1 Surface Preparation for Sh
5、eet Metal, Plastic and Glass Surfaces (Not Cloth). 3.1.1 The component surface must be clean and dry. Suitable cleaning solvents are isopropyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol mixed with water up to 50% water, and a suitable ammoniated window cleaner, such as Windex, or equivalent. The solvent cleaning
6、 step may be replaced with a dry wipe using painted surface body cleaning cloths per 9982266. The cloths may be washed and reused up to ten (10) times. The bonding surface must be free of dust, mold release, grease, fingerprint oil, condensation or any contaminate that may reduce the label bonding a
7、bility. 3.1.2 The application surface should be smooth. Grained plastic surfaces are more difficult to bond to and require a thicker adhesive. Bonding onto a cloth surface also requires a thicker adhesive. Some heat transfer labels have the ability to conform to uneven surfaces better than other hea
8、t transfer labels and pressure-sensitive labels. Certain low-surface energy plastics (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene and acetal) are very difficult to bond to and require a specially formulated adhesive. 3.1.3 The recommended application surface and label temperatures are 15 C (59 F) minimum and
9、40 C (104 F) maximum. 3.1.4 Injection-molded plastic parts are to be allowed to dwell for 72 h at room temperature before label application to inhibit blistering due to outgassing. If part supplier cannot allow parts to sit for 72 h prior to label application, the part supplier must contact the labe
10、l supplier to supply a different label that will prevent blistering. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16880 Copyright 2012
11、 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved December 2012 Page 2 of 3 3.2 Label Application. 3.2.1 Pressure-sensitive Adhesive Label. 3.2.1.1 Firmly hold the label and peel it off the protective liner, being careful not to touch the adhesive. Do not stage or attach the label to unintended surfaces (
12、e.g., shirt sleeve, glove, countertop, etc.) Also, do not allow any foreign matter to contact the adhesive. 3.2.1.2 Position the leading edge of the label on the surface, again being careful not to touch the adhesive. 3.2.1.3 Carefully align the label to the receiving surface. Press firmly and smoot
13、h out by using a plastic squeegee Note 1 or felt block Note 2. Note 1: Squeegees available from 3M, such as PA-1 blue and PA-1 gold squeegees, are commonly used. Note 2: Felt blocks available from Sutherland Felt Company, 749 East Mandoline, Madison Heights, MI 48071, such as 32SI felt block, are co
14、mmonly used. 3.2.1.4 Force out any air bubbles across the length of the label until fully affixed to the substrate. 3.2.1.5 The entire surface of the label must be uniformly bonded. 3.2.1.6 Any label removed after it has contacted the surface cannot be reused. 3.2.2 Heat Transfer Labels. 3.2.2.1 Tem
15、perature is the most critical parameter in ensuring adhesion of the label to the substrate. Pressure should be minimal; dwell can be decreased until adhesion is compromised. The temperature range varies from 149 C to 171 C (300 F to 340 F), depending on the heat transfer label construction, substrat
16、e, label size, etc. Temperatures set too low can result in poor label adhesion. Temperatures set too high can result in bleed-through of the substrate, poor label adhesion and cracks in the ink layers. 3.2.2.2 Dwell time varies from 1 s to 4 s. Insufficient dwell time can result in poor label adhesi
17、on. Excessive dwell time can produce marks on the substrate. 3.2.2.3 Pressure (machine tonnage) varies from 454 kg to 3629 kg, (0.5 tons to 4 tons). Gage settings range from 138 kPa to 345 kPa (20 psi to 50 psi). Actual pressures at platen will range from 25 kPa to 69 kPa, (4 psi to 10 psi). Calcula
18、te actual pressure as follows: psi setting/area of platen in2. Insufficient pressure can result in poor label adhesion. Excessive pressure can cause poor label adhesion, bleed-through of substrate and pressure marks on the substrate. 3.2.2.4 The parameters need to be established for the specific lab
19、el and substrate. A tape test is recommended at the start of each application run and/or each roll of labels to verify adhesion to the substrate. The recommended tapes must have a minimum of 180 peel strength on steel of 430 N/m. In addition, the backing material must have low elongation. Tapes such
20、 as 3Ms 610, 670 and 898 tapes have been used. Additional details about the tape and test can be found in GMW14829. 4 Validation Not applicable. 5 Provisions for Shipping Not applicable. 6 Notes 6.1 Glossary. Not applicable. 6.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols. Not applicable. 7 Additional Para
21、graphs 7.1 All parts or systems supplied to this standard must comply with the requirements of GMW3059, Restricted and Reportable Substances for Parts. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted with
22、out license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16880 Copyright 2012 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved December 2012 Page 3 of 3 8 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: GMW16880 9 Release and Revisions This standard wa
23、s originated in November 2012. It was first approved by the Labels and Literature Global Subsystem Leadership Team (GSSLT) in December 2012. It was first published in December 2012. Issue Publication Date Description (Organization) 1 DEC 2012 Initial publication. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
