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20、 without license from IHS-,-,-Air Traffic ManagementProcedures forAir Navigation ServicesThis edition incorporates all amendmentsapproved by the Council prior to 2 June 2007and supersedes, on 22 November 2007,all previous editions of Doc 4444.International Civil Aviation OrganizationDoc 4444ATM/501F
21、ifteenth Edition 2007Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(ii) AMENDMENTS The issue of amendments is announced regularly in the ICAO Journal and in the supplements
22、 to the Catalogue of ICAO Publications and Audio-visual Training Aids, which holders of this publication should consult. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA No. Date applicable Date entered Entered by No. Date of
23、issue Date entered Entered by 1-5 Incorporated in this edition Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-PANS-ATM (iii) 22/11/07 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD. (vii)
24、CHAPTER 1. Definitions 1-1 CHAPTER 2. ATS safety management. 2-1 2.1 General 2-1 2.2 Objectives 2-1 2.3 ATS safety management activities 2-1 2.4 Monitoring of safety levels 2-2 2.5 Safety reviews . 2-2 2.6 Safety assessments. 2-4 2.7 Safety-enhancing measures . 2-5 CHAPTER 3. ATS system capacity and
25、 air traffic flow management 3-1 3.1 Capacity management . 3-1 3.2 Air traffic flow management . 3-2 CHAPTER 4. General provisions for air traffic services . 4-1 4.1 Responsibility for the provision of air traffic control service 4-1 4.2 Responsibility for the provision of flight information service
26、 and alerting service. 4-1 4.3 Division of responsibility for control between air traffic control units . 4-2 4.4 Flight plan . 4-3 4.5 Air traffic control clearances . 4-5 4.6 Horizontal speed control instructions 4-8 4.7 Vertical speed control instructions 4-10 4.8 Change from IFR to VFR flight 4-
27、10 4.9 Wake turbulence categories. 4-11 4.10 Altimeter setting procedures 4-12 4.11 Position reporting 4-14 4.12 Reporting of operational and meteorological information. 4-17 4.13 Presentation and updating of flight plan and control data . 4-20 4.14 Failure or irregularity of systems and equipment 4
28、-21 4.15 Data link communications initiation procedures . 4-21 CHAPTER 5. Separation methods and minima 5-1 5.1 Introduction . 5-1 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
29、-,-,-(iv) Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM) 22/11/07 5.2 Provisions for the separation of controlled traffic . 5-1 5.3 Vertical separation. 5-2 5.4 Horizontal separation. 5-3 5.5 Separation of aircraft holding in flight 5-33 5.6 Minimum separation between departing aircraft. 5-33 5.7 Separation of d
30、eparting aircraft from arriving aircraft 5-34 5.8 Time-based wake turbulence longitudinal separation minima 5-35 5.9 Clearances to fly maintaining own separation while in visual meteorological conditions 5-40 5.10 Essential traffic information 5-41 5.11 Reduction in separation minima 5-42 CHAPTER 6.
31、 Separation in the vicinity of aerodromes. 6-1 6.1 Reduction in separation minima in the vicinity of aerodromes . 6-1 6.2 Essential local traffic . 6-1 6.3 Procedures for departing aircraft . 6-1 6.4 Information for departing aircraft 6-3 6.5 Procedures for arriving aircraft 6-4 6.6 Information for
32、arriving aircraft 6-9 6.7 Operations on parallel or near-parallel runways 6-11 CHAPTER 7. Procedures for aerodrome control service . 7-1 7.1 Functions of aerodrome control towers . 7-1 7.2 Selection of runway-in-use 7-2 7.3 Initial call to aerodrome control tower 7-3 7.4 Information to aircraft by a
33、erodrome control towers. 7-3 7.5 Essential information on aerodrome conditions 7-7 7.6 Control of aerodrome traffic 7-8 7.7 Control of traffic in the traffic circuit 7-12 7.8 Order of priority for arriving and departing aircraft 7-13 7.9 Control of departing aircraft 7-13 7.10 Control of arriving ai
34、rcraft 7-15 7.11 Reduced runway separation minima between aircraft using the same runway . 7-16 7.12 Procedures for low visibility operations 7-18 7.13 Suspension of visual flight rules operations 7-19 7.14 Authorization of special VFR flights. 7-20 7.15 Aeronautical ground lights 7-20 7.16 Designat
35、ion of hot spot(s) . 7-22 CHAPTER 8. ATS surveillance services 8-1 8.1 ATS surveillance systems capabilities. 8-1 8.2 Situation display 8-2 8.3 Communications 8-3 8.4 Provision of ATS surveillance services. 8-3 8.5 Use of SSR transponders and ADS-B transmitters 8-4 8.6 General procedures 8-7 8.7 Use
36、 of ATS surveillance systems in the air traffic control service 8-14 8.8 Emergencies, hazards and equipment failures. 8-20 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Tab
37、le of Contents (v) 22/11/07 8.9 Use of ATS surveillance systems in the approach control service 8-23 8.10 Use of ATS surveillance systems in the aerodrome control service 8-29 8.11 Use of ATS surveillance systems in the flight information service. 8-31 CHAPTER 9. Flight information service and alert
38、ing service. 9-1 9.1 Flight information service . 9-1 9.2 Alerting service . 9-5 CHAPTER 10. Coordination 10-1 10.1 Coordination in respect of the provision of air traffic control service. 10-1 10.2 Coordination in respect of the provision of flight information service and alerting service . 10-7 10
39、.3 Coordination in respect of the provision of air traffic and advisory service 10-7 10.4 Coordination between air traffic services units and aeronautical telecommunication stations 10-7 CHAPTER 11. Air traffic services messages . 11-1 11.1 Categories of messages 11-1 11.2 General provisions. 11-2 1
40、1.3 Methods of message exchange 11-6 11.4 Message types and their application 11-8 CHAPTER 12. Phraseologies 12-1 12.1 Communications procedures . 12-1 12.2 General 12-1 12.3 ATC phraseologies 12-2 12.4 ATS surveillance service phraseologies 12-28 12.5 Automatic dependent surveillance contract (ADS-
41、C) phraseologies . 12-38 12.6 Alerting phraseologies. 12-38 12.7 Ground crew/flight crew phraseologies. 12-38 CHAPTER 13. Automatic dependent surveillance contract (ADS-C) services . 13-1 13.1 General 13-1 13.2 ADS-C ground system capabilities 13-1 13.3 ADS-C-related aeronautical information. 13-2 1
42、3.4 Use of ADS-C in the provision of air traffic control service. 13-2 13.5 Use of ADS-C in the application of separation minima 13-9 CHAPTER 14. Controller-pilot data link communications (CPDLC) 14-1 14.1 General 14-1 14.2 Establishment of CPDLC 14-1 14.3 Exchange of operational CPDLC messages 14-2
43、 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(vi) Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM) 22/11/07 CHAPTER 15. Procedures related to emergencies, communication failure and cont
44、ingencies . 15-1 15.1 Emergency procedures 15-1 15.2 Special procedures for in-flight contingencies in oceanic airspace . 15-4 15.3 Air-ground communications failure 15-8 15.4 Assistance to VFR flights 15-11 15.5 Other in-flight contingencies. 15-12 15.6 ATC contingencies 15-16 15.7 Other ATC contin
45、gency procedures 15-17 15.8 Procedures for an ATC unit when a volcanic ash cloud is reported or forecast 15-20 CHAPTER 16. Miscellaneous procedures . 16-1 16.1 Responsibility in regard to military traffic 16-1 16.2 Responsibility in regard to unmanned free balloons . 16-1 16.3 Air traffic incident r
46、eport. 16-2 16.4 Use of repetitive flight plans (RPLs) 16-2 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1. Instructions for air-reporting by voice communications. A1-1 APPENDIX 2. Flight plan . A2-1 APPENDIX 3. Air traffic services messages A3-1 APPENDIX 4. Air traffic incident report A4-1 APPENDIX 5. Controller-pilot data
47、 link communications (CPDLC) message set A5-1 APPENDIX 6. ATS interfacility data communications (AIDC) messages A6-1 _ Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-PANS-AT
48、M (vii) 22/11/07 FOREWORD 1. Historical background 1.1 The Procedures for Air Navigation Services Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM) are the result of the progressive evolution of the Procedures for Air Navigation Services Air Traffic Control (PANS-ATC) prepared by the Air Traffic Control Committee of the International Conference on North Atlantic Route Service Organization (Dublin, M
