1、MODEL COURSE SPECIALIZED TRAINING FOR OIL TANKERS 2006 Edition MODEL COURSE 1.02 Specialized Training for Oil Tankers 2006 Edition I INTERNATI 0 NAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION London, 2006 Published by INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR First edition: 1999 Second edit
2、ion: 2006 Printed in the United Kingdom by Ashford Press 2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1 ISBN - 978-92-801 -4230-3 IMO PUBLICATION Sales number: TB102E Copyright 0 IMO 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any mean
3、s without prior permission in writing from the International Maritime Organization. Foreword Since its inception, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has recognized the importance of human resources to the development of the maritime industry and has given the highest priority to assisting
4、 developing countries in enhancing their maritime training capabilities through the provision or improvement of maritime training facilities at national and regional levels. IMO has also responded to the needs of developing countries for postgraduate training for senior personnel in administrations,
5、 ports, shipping companies and maritime training institutes by establishing the World Maritime University in Malmo, Sweden, in 1983. Following the adoption of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), 1978, a number of IMO Member Gove
6、rnments suggested that IMO should develop model training courses to assist in the implementation of the Convention and in achieving a more rapid transfer of information and skills regarding new developments in maritime technology. IMO training advisers and consultants also subsequently determined fr
7、om their visits to training establishments in developing countries that the provision of model courses could help instructors improve the quality of their existing courses and enhance their implementation of associated Conference and IMO Assembly resolutions. In addition, it was appreciated that aco
8、mprehensive set of short model courses in various fields of maritime training would supplement the instruction provided by maritime academies and allow administrators and technical specialists already employed in maritime administrations, ports and shipping companies to improve their knowledge and s
9、kills in certain specialized fields. With the generous assistance of the Government of Norway, IMO developed model courses in response to these generally identified needs and now keeps them updated through a regular revision process, taking into account any amendments to the requirements prescribed
10、in IMO instruments and any technological developments in the field. These model courses may be used by any training institution and, when the requisite financing is available, the Organization is prepared to assist developing countries in implementing any course. E. E. MITROPOULOS Secretary General
11、iii Contents Introduction Part A Course Framework Part B: Course Outline and Timetable Part C: Detailed Teaching Syllabus Part D: Instructor Manual Appendix to Instructor Manual (Part D) Appendix 1 : Appendix 2: Appendix 3a: Appendix 3b: Appendix 4: Appendix 5: Appendix 6: Appendix 7: Appendix 8 App
12、endix 9: Notes on the Construction, Equipment and Operation of Oil Tankers Evaluation and Prevention of Electrostatic Hazards Associated With Oil Tanker Operations Inert Gas Plants - IGS Theory, Requirements Inert Gas Plants - IGS Operation Crude Oil Washing - Implementation And Operating Procedures
13、 Case Studies of Oil Tanker Accidents Contingency Planning Sample Exercise Scenarios for Liquid Cargo Handling Simulator (Oil)* Sample Screen Shots of Liquid Cargo Handling Simulator (Oil)* Definitions Guidance on the Implementation of Model Courses *Note: Page 1 7 15 24 73 129 195 197 199 201 203 2
14、23 233 253 261 271 The part on the use of simulator is included as a guideline where a simulator is used as a tool for training under this model course. Previous page is blank V Introduction Purpose of the model course The purpose of the IMO model courses is to assist maritime training institutes an
15、d their teaching staff in organizing and introducing new training courses, or in enhancing, updating or supplementing existing training material where the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved. The purpose is also to enhance the capabilities of shipboard personnel
16、 who sail on specialized carriers such as an oil tanker. It is not the intention of the course to compartmentalize the trainees way of thinking in terms of tanker operation. The idea is to make him/her aware of the specialization of operations specific to a tanker and, sensitize him/her towards the
17、responsibilities that s/he will face on such a vessel. It is not the intention of the model course programme to present instructors with a rigid “teaching package” which they are expected to “follow blindly”. Nor is it the intention to substitute audio-visual or “programmed” material for the instruc
18、tors presence. As in all training endeavours, the knowledge, skills and dedication of the instructors are the key components in the transfer of knowledge and skills to those being trained through IMO model course material. Because educational systems and the cultural backgrounds of trainees in marit
19、ime subjects vary considerably from country to country, the model course material has been designed to identify the basic entry requirements and trainee target group for each course in universally applicable terms, and to specify clearly the technical content and levels of knowledge and skills neces
20、sary to meet the technical intent of IMO conventions and related recommendations. This course is for Masters, officers and others on board oil tankers who have immediate responsibilities for the cargo handling in port and care in transit. By successfully doing this course, the aforementioned shipboa
21、rd personnel will fulfil the mandatory minimum requirements of regulation V/1 of STCW 1978, as amended in 1995. The coverage of the model course is wide in scope and includes oil tanker safety, fire safety measures and systems, prevention and control of pollution, operational practice and obligation
22、s under applicable laws and regulations, thereby covering all training necessary to apply the provisions of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78. In addition, the course covers the managerial aspects on board by including a section on risk assessment and management, as well as contingency planning that is in lin
23、e with the ISM Code and the SMS on board. In order to keep the training programme up to date in future, it is essential that users provide feedback. New information will provide better training in safety at sea and protection of the marine environment. Information, comments and suggestions should be
24、 sent to the Head of the STCW and Human Element Section at IMO, London. Use of the model course Use of the model course: the instructor should review the course plan and detailed syllabus, taking into account the information provided under the entry standards specified in the course framework. The a
25、ctual level of knowledge and skills and the prior technical education of the trainees should be kept in mind during the review, and any areas within the detailed syllabus which may cause difficulties because of differences between the actual trainee entry level Previous page is blank 1 SPECIALIZED T
26、RAINING FOR OIL TANKERS and that assumed by the course designers should be identified. To compensate for such differences, the instructor is expected to delete from the course, or to reduce the emphasis on, items dealing with knowledge or skills already attained by the trainees. S/he should also ide
27、ntify any academic knowledge, skills or technical training which they may not have acquired. The instructor, using hidher professional judgement, can analyse the detailed syllabus and the academic knowledge required to allow training in the technical area to proceed. The instructor can then design t
28、he appropriate pre-entry course or, alternatively, insert the elements of academic knowledge required to support the technical training elements concerned at appropriate points within the technical course. Adjustment of the course objective, scope and content may also be necessary if in a countrys m
29、aritime industry the trainees completing the course are to undertake duties which differ from the course objective specified in the model course. Within the course plan the course designers have indicated assessment of the time that should be allotted to each area of learning. However, it must be ap
30、preciated that these allocations are arbitrary and assume that the trainees have fully met all entry requirements of the course. The instructor should therefore review these assessments and may need to reallocate the time required to achieve each specific learning objective or training outcome. rn L
31、esson plans After adjusting the course content, if so required, to suit the trainee intake and any revision of the course objectives, the instructor can then draw up lesson plans based on the detailed syllabus. The detailed syllabus contains specific references to the textbooks or teaching material
32、proposed to be used in the course. Where no adjustment has been found necessary in the acquisition of knowledge and proficiency of the detailed syllabus, the lesson plans may simply consist of the detailed syllabus with keywords or other reminders added to assist the instructor in making hidher pres
33、entation of the material. rn Presentation The presentation of concepts and methodologies must be repeated in various ways until testing and evaluating the trainees performance and achievements satisfy the instructor, that the trainee has attained the required proficiency under each specific learning
34、 objective or training objective. The syllabus is laid out in the form of acquiring knowledge, understanding and proficiency format and each objective specifies what the trainee must be able to do as the learning or training outcome. Taken as a whole, these objectives aim to meet the knowledge, unde
35、rstanding and proficiency specified in the appropriate tables of the STCW Code. rn Implementation For the course to run smoothly and to be effective, considerable attention must be paid to the availability and use of: 0 Properly qualified instructors 0 Supportstaff 2 INTRODUCTION 0 Rooms and other s
36、paces 0 Equipment 0 Textbooks, technical papers, and 0 Other reference material Thorough preparation on part of the instructor is the key to successful implementation of the course. IMO has produced a booklet entitled “Guidance on the Implementation of IMO Model Courses”, which deals with this aspec
37、t in greater detail and which is appended to this model course. In certain cases, the requirements for some or all of the training in a subject are covered by another IMO model course. In these cases, the specific part of the STCW Code which applies is given and the user is referred to the other mod
38、el course. Guidance to course developers and instructors This specialized oil tanker training course comprises two main parts. These are oil tanker safety and cargo operations. The first, oil tanker safety, covers the hazards involved in cargo operations and the systems, equipment and constructional
39、 features of oil tankers that exist to control the hazards. Cargo operations cover loading and ballasting, including the use of the inert gas system and, where appropriate, crude oil washing. These two aspects are necessarily interlinked. One approach to achieving the standard of competence is throu
40、gh properly supervised on-board training. Where this is the case, and suitable records are kept, then the extent of the training delivered in the specialized oil tanker course may reflect this. Instructors should emphasize in their teaching the hazards involved in the operations on board oil tankers
41、. They should explain, in as much detail as is necessary to ensure these operations are undertaken safely, the systems, equipment and constructional features that exist to control those hazards. The lessons delivered during the course should be tailored to the needs of the trainees. Officers with ex
42、tensive experience on board oil tankers and those who have received guided instruction on board may need less classroom teaching than those with simply the minimum sea experience on oil tankers generally. Instructors should keep in mind that some of the topics in this model course are also introduce
43、d in the model course for the Officer in Charge of a Watch in the function controlling the Operation of the Ship and Care for the Persons on Board. These topics may therefore be treated as a revision of earlier learning. Physical properties of oils and vapours are covered in the Oil Tanker Familiari
44、zation model course and can also be found in the basic physics of the Officer in Charge of a Watch model course (for both navigation and marine engineering functions); therefore the basic physics in 3 SPECIALIZED TRAINING FOR OIL TANKERS Section 2.1 of this model course is a revision and extension o
45、f that training. Similarly, entrants should have completed an approved shore-based fire-fighting course (STCW regulation V/1, paragraph l), and hence fire-fighting principles in Section 3.5 are a very brief revision of this topic. Ship construction (Sections 1.1, 4.1 and 5.1) and regulatory matters
46、(Sections 1.2 and 4.3) are also covered in the model course for the Officer in Charge of a Watch in the function controlling the Operation of the Ship and Care for the Persons on Board. These topics may similarly be treated as a revision of earlier learning. A new section each on risk management and
47、 contingency planning on tankers has been included. This Section will include the following: Management of Risk on an oil Tanker 0 0 Background 0 Definitions 0 Risk on an oil Tanker 0 Risk Assessment Process 0 Risk Management in Practice The idea is to help the trainees develop a proactive attitude
48、on how to anticipate emergency and act accordingly. The part on contingency planning is to make the trainee aware regarding the treatment of contingencies on board a tanker as a project so that subsequent project management ensures a professional way of dealing with emergencies right from the strate
49、gy, planning to action stages. Training and STCW 1995 Convention The standards of competence that have to be met by seafarers are defined in Part A of the STCW Code in the standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers Convention, as amended in 1995. This IMO model course has been revised and updated to cover the competences in STCW 1995. It sets out the education and training to achieve those standards. Special training requirements for masters, chief engineer officers, chief mates, second engineer officers and any person with immediate responsibility for loading, dis
