1、 Rec. ITU-R BS.1283-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.1283-1*A guide to ITU-R Recommendations for subjective assessment of sound quality (Question ITU-R 55/6) (1997-2003) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that ITU-R has issued several Recommendations on subjective methods of assessing so
2、und quality; b) that methods used for the subjective assessment depend on the intended purpose of the assessment of sound quality itself and of the performance of audio systems, recommends 1 that subjective assessments are carried out according to the following ITU-R Recommendations: ITU-R BS.1284 G
3、eneral methods for the subjective assessment of sound quality; ITU-R BS.1116 Methods for the subjective assessment of small impairments in audio systems, including multichannel sound systems; ITU-R BS.1285 Pre-selection methods for the subjective assessment of small impairments in audio systems; ITU
4、-R BS.1286 Methods for the subjective assessment of audio systems with accompanying picture; ITU-R BS.1534 Method for the subjective assessment of intermediate quality level of coding systems; 2 that the applicability of one or more of the Recommendations should be decided, based on the purpose of t
5、he subjective assessment tests, before the tests are designed. The general considerations governing the range of applications of ITU-R Recommendations are given in Appendix 1. Appendix 2 contains references to similar standards and Recommendations produced by international organisations. *Radiocommu
6、nication Study Group 6 made editorial amendments to this Recommendation in 2002 in accordance with Resolution ITU-R 44. 2 Rec. ITU-R BS.1283-1 Appendix 1 General considerations governing the range of applications of ITU-R Recommendations relating to the subjective assessment of sound quality The met
7、hods used for the subjective assessment of sound quality itself and of the performance of audio systems depend to some extent on the intended purpose of the assessment. A number of Recommendations exist and this Recommendation gives guidance on the use of the other Recommendations. Recommendation IT
8、U-R BS.1284 General methods for the subjective assessment of sound quality: is intended for the general assessment of sound quality. It refers to Recommendation ITU-R BS.1116 which contains common requirements. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1116 Methods for the subjective assessment of small impairments i
9、n audio systems, including multichannel sound systems: is intended as the most critical methodology. It is intended for use in the assessment of systems which introduce impairments so small as to be undetectable without rigorous control of the experimental conditions and appropriate statistical anal
10、ysis. If used for systems that introduce relatively large and easily detectable impairment, it leads to excessive expenditure of time and effort and may also lead to less reliable results than those obtained by employing a simpler test method. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1116 forms the base reference fo
11、r the other Recommendations, which may contain additional special conditions or relaxations of the requirements of Recommendation ITU-R BS.1116. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1285 Pre-selection methods for the subjective assessment of small impairments in audio systems: is intended for the preliminary scr
12、eening of audio systems, prior to the application of the more stringent assessment methods of Recommendation ITU-R BS.1116. This screening will obviate the need for further tests of systems which introduce large impairments. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1286 Methods for the subjective assessment of audio
13、 systems with accompanying picture: is intended to cover those aspects of subjective assessment which are especially relevant to the case where the sound is accompanied by related pictures. Some aspects of the perceived sound quality are affected by the accompanying visual material. Recommendation I
14、TU-R BS.1534 Method for the subjective assessment of intermediate quality level of coding systems: is intended to cover those aspects of subjective assessment of intermediate quality level of coding systems. It is intended to give a reliable and repeatable measure of systems having audio quality, wh
15、ich would normally fall in the lower half of the impairment scale used by Recommendation ITU-R BS.1116. Clearly, some areas of application overlap. The applicability of one or more of the Recommendations should be decided, based on the purpose of the tests, before the tests are designed. The flow ch
16、art shown in Fig. 1 may be used to assist in the choice of appropriate Recommendations. Rec. ITU-R BS.1283-1 3 1283-01FIGURE 1Flow chartTestwith picture?Any smallimpairements?NoNoYesNoIntermediateaudio quality?Rec. ITU-RBS.1284Rec. ITU-RBS.1534Rec. ITU-RBS.1116Stop Stop StopStop Stop StopYesYesPre-s
17、elect?YesNoRec. ITU-RBS.1285Any smallimpairements?YesNoIntermediateaudio quality?YesNoPre-select?Rec. ITU-RBS.1286 andRec. ITU-RBS.1284Rec. ITU-RBS.1286 andRec. ITU-RBS.1534Rec. ITU-RBS.1286 andRec. ITU-RBS.1116Rec. ITU-RBS.1286 andRec. ITU-RBS.1285YesNoAppendix 2 Bibliography of existing Recommenda
18、tions and other relevant documents of international organizations concerning the methodology of quality assessment in audio and vision systems 1 ITU-R documents 1.1 ITU-R Recommendations 1.1.1 Sound Recommendation ITU-R BS.645 Test signals and metering to be used on international sound programme con
19、nections. Recommendation ITU-R BS.708 Determination of the electro-acoustical properties of studio monitor headphones. Recommendation ITU-R BS.775 Multichannel stereophonic sound system with and without accompanying picture. 4 Rec. ITU-R BS.1283-1 Recommendation ITU-R BS.1116 Methods for the subject
20、ive assessment of small impairments in audio systems, including multichannel sound systems. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1283 Subjective assessment of sound quality A guide to existing Recommendations. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1284 Methods for the subjective assessment of sound quality General requirement
21、s. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1285 Pre-selection methods for the subjective assessment of small impairments in audio systems. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1286 Methods for the subjective assessment of audio systems with accompanying pictures. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1387 Method for objective measurements of
22、 perceived audio quality. Recommendation ITU-R BS.1534 Method for the subjective assessment of intermediate quality level of coding systems. 1.1.2 Vision Recommendation ITU-R BT.500 Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures. Recommendation ITU-R BT.710 Subjectiv
23、e assessment methods for image quality in high-definition television. Recommendation ITU-R BT.802 Test pictures and sequences for subjective assessments of digital codecs conveying signals produced according to Recommendation ITU-R BT.601. Recommendation ITU-R BT.811 The subjective assessment of enh
24、anced PAL and SECAM systems. Recommendation ITU-R BT.812 Subjective assessment of the quality of alphanumeric and graphic pictures in Teletext and similar services. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1128 Subjective assessment of conventional television systems. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1129 Subjective assessme
25、nt of standard definition digital television (SDTV) systems. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1210 Test materials to be used in subjective assessment. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1382 Assessment of the picture quality of multi-programme services. Recommendation ITU-R BT.1438 Subjective assessment of stereoscopic
26、 television pictures. 1.2 Other ITU-R documents ITU-R 1996 Handbook on Subjective assessment methodology in television (Geneva, 1996). ISBN 92-61-05571-0. Rec. ITU-R BS.1283-1 5 2 Documents of the ITU-T and other International Organisations 2.1 Recommendations ITU-T Recommendation P.800 Methods for
27、subjective determination of transmission quality. ITU-T Recommendation P.810 Modulated noise reference unit (MNRU). ITU-T Recommendation P.830 Subjective performance assessment of telephone-band and wideband digital codecs. ITU-T Recommendation P.861 Objective quality measurement of telephone-band (
28、300-3 400 Hz) speech codecs. (This Recommendation has been partially replaced by ITU-T Recommendation P.862.) ITU-T Recommendation P.862 Perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ): An objective method for end-to-end speech quality assessment of narrow-band telephone networks and speech codecs. I
29、TU-T Recommendation P.910 Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications. ITU-T Recommendation P.911 Subjective audiovisual quality assessment methods for multimedia applications. AES 1996 AES Recommended practice for professional audio Subjective evaluation of loudspeakers.
30、 AES 20. Audio Engineering Society. EBU 1992 Recommendation R68-1992. Alignment level in digital audio production equipment and in digital audio recorders. European Broadcasting Union. Geneva, Switzerland. EBU 1994a Recommendation R22-1994. Listening conditions for the assessment of sound programme
31、material. European Broadcasting Union. Geneva, Switzerland. EBU 1994b Doc. Tech. 3276 Listening conditions for the assessment of sound programme material. European Broadcasting Union. Geneva, Switzerland. EBU 1997 Doc. Tech. 3286. Assessment methods for the subjective evaluation of the quality of so
32、und programmes. European Broadcasting Union. Geneva, Switzerland. IEC 1986 Publication 581 Part 10. High fidelity audio equipment and systems; minimum performance requirements: Headphones. International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC 1995 Publication 268 Part 13. Listening tests on loudspeakers. (
33、Draft revision). International Electrotechnical Commission. NBC 1992 Nordic Recommendation N 12-A. Sound control rooms and listening rooms. Technical Recommendation. Nordic Broadcasting Corporations. NBC 1992 Nordic Recommendation N 12-B. Studio monitoring loudspeakers. Technical Recommendation. Nor
34、dic Broadcasting Corporations. 6 Rec. ITU-R BS.1283-1 OIRT 1980 Recommendation 51/1. Permitted noise sound pressure level in recording studios and operational rooms for sound broadcasting and TV. Doc. TK-29-116 International Radio and Television Organization, Prague, Czech Republic. OIRT 1990 Recomm
35、endation 55/2. Technical parameters for studio monitoring loudspeakers. Doc. TK-2-2092 International Radio and Television Organization, Prague, Czech Republic. OIRT 1990 Recommendation 86/3. Technical parameters of OIRT reference listening rooms. Doc. TK-31-58 International Radio and Television Orga
36、nization, Prague, Czech Republic. OIRT 1992 Recommendation 63/3. Formation of listening groups and their working methods. Doc. TK-31-63 International Radio and Television Organization, Prague, Czech Republic. OIRT 1992 Recommendation 91/2. Subjective assessment of sound recordings. Doc. TK-31-64/1 I
37、nternational Radio and Television Organization, Prague, Czech Republic. 2.2 Other documents ISO/MPEG 1991 The SR report on the MPEG/Audio subjective listening tests. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 11 N MPEG 91/010. International Organization for Standardization/Motion Picture Experts Group. ISO/MPEG 1991 Rep
38、ort on the MPEG/Audio subjective listening tests. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 11 N MPEG 91/331. International Organization for Standardization/Motion Picture Experts Group. ISO/MPEG 1994 Report on the MPEG/Audio multichannel formal subjective listening tests. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 11 N0685 MPEG 94/063. International Organization for Standardization/ Motion Picture Experts Group. 3 Other relevant literature POULTON, E. C. 1992 Bias in quantifying judgements. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, United States of America.
