1、 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 1 REPORT ITU-R BO.2029 Broadcasting-satellite service earth station antenna pattern measurements and related analyses (Question ITU-R 93/11) (2002) 1 Introduction Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443 Reference BSS earth station antenna patterns for use in interference assessment involvin
2、g non-GSO satellites in frequency bands covered by RR Appen-dix S30, describes broadcasting-satellite service (BSS) reference antenna patterns to be used in non-geostationary-satellite service (non-GSO) interference analyses. Of particular interest are small, offset-fed BSS earth station antennas wh
3、ich have non-axially symmetric patterns. Millions of these antennas have been deployed worldwide. To support the development of these antenna reference patterns several Sector Members performed detailed measurements, analyses and modelling of three-dimensional antenna patterns. A Special Rapporteur
4、Group was formed to collect and organize the extensive data sets and analyses performed during the development of the Recommendation described above. It was felt that information of this nature would be valuable in future BSS studies. The three tasks assigned to the Special Rapporteur were: Collect
5、antenna measurement data and analyses performed by administrations during development of the Recommendation cited above. Prepare a summarizing report describing the antenna measurements analyses and catalogue the relevant data on one or more CD-ROMs. Compare the submitted measured data with the thre
6、e-dimensional reference antenna patterns contained in Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443. To accomplish these tasks, data from administrations was solicited via e-mail. Data was received from the United Kingdom, Canada and Telenor, and is summarized in the following sections. This Report is organized as f
7、ollows. Section 2 describes the basic geometry and coordinate system for the antenna measurements. A brief summary of the measurements is also provided. Sections 3, 4 and 5 describe the antenna measurements and analyses performed by the United Kingdom, Telenor, and Canada, respectively. A subset of
8、the data is plotted in gain vs. azimuth angle format; in several cases, polar plots are also provided. Plots comparing the measured data with the reference antenna patterns in Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443 are provided for some of the data sets. Section 6 describes the text and data file layout on th
9、e CD-ROM. Data was submitted as either Microsoft Excel spreadsheets or as ASCII files. This Report, the data sets provided, the spreadsheets containing the graphical analysis performed by the Special Rapporteur Group, and the spreadsheets used to plot the reference antenna patterns from Recommendati
10、on ITU-R BO.1443 are included on the CD-ROM. 2 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 2 Summary of BSS earth station antenna measurements and analyses provided by Sector Members More than 30 small earth station antennas were measured by the United Kingdom, Telenor, and Canada. Their results are summarized in Sections 3
11、, 4 and 5. 2.1 Antenna data summary The antenna measurements demonstrate that spillover sidelobes are a common feature of small, offset-fed earth station dish antennas used for BSS systems. This issue, and its relevance to non-GSO fixed-satellite service (FSS) and GSO BSS sharing studies, was first
12、reported. The plots provided which are only a small subset of the data provided to the Special Rapporteur Group, show how the sidelobes change with location around the dish and with operating frequency. For example, as shown in Fig. 73, the angular position and the relative gain of the spillover sid
13、elobe changes from about 39 dB at = 150 in the 0 plane to about 34 dB at = 90 in the 90 plane. 2.2 Antenna measurement coordinate system The antenna data in this Report were generally recorded using the conventions shown in Fig. 1. Eight measurement planes were used for the three-dimensional earth s
14、tation antenna pattern measurements. The planes are equally spaced by 22.5. Note that the boresight of the antenna gain pattern is included in each of the eight planes. Rap 2029-01FIGURE 1Eight measurement planes designated by = 0, 22.5, 45, 67.5, 90,112.5, 135, and 157.5 (front view)9067.5112.54513
15、5157.5 = 22.5 = 0Antennapatternboresight22.5Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 3 Figure 2 a view from above that show hows , the azimuth angle in the plane of the measurement, is defined. Some data sets include the full = 180 to +180, while others cover about 120 to +120. Rap 2029-02 = 90 = 90 = 0 = 180 = 180FIGURE
16、 2Top view of antenna measurement configuration ( is the azimuth anglein the plane of the measurement)ReflectorFeed hornNote that not all of the data sets used the conventions outlined above. Telenor, for example, used conventions that were very similar, but not exactly, as those described above. 3
17、BSS earth station antenna measurements and analyses provided by the United Kingdom 3.1 Antenna measurements summary Co-polar radiation pattern measurements were obtained for widely available commercial offset-fed reflector (43 cm, 45 cm and 59 cm) GSO earth station dishes in 8 measurement planes (0,
18、 22.5, 45, 67.5, 90, 112.5, 135, and 157.5). Measurements were obtained for each individual plane at frequencies of 11 GHz, 11.7 GHz and 12.5 GHz. A 65 m outdoor test range was used for these measurements. The antennas were circularly polarized, and linear polarization was transmitted for these meas
19、urements. 3.2 Antenna measurement data Co-polarization patterns reported for the 43, 45 and 59 cm antennas in the 0, 45, and 90 planes are shown in Figs. 3 to 32. Data is available for the other planes, but is not shown in these Figures. Selected patterns are also plotted in a polar format; this pro
20、vides another way to observe the symmetry or asymmetry that may be present in the patterns. The polar plots are prepared so that the counter-clockwise angular displacement from antenna boresight is the negative angles shown in the x-y plots. Also provided are plots comparing the measured data with t
21、he masks in Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443. 4 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-034030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 3Patterns for 43 cm earth station antenna at 11 GHz in the 0, 45 and 90 planesAzimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)Rap 2029-044030201001020304050180 135 9
22、0 45 0 45 90 135 180Azimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)FIGURE 4Patterns for 43 cm earth station antenna at 11.7 GHz in the 0, 45 and 90 planesRep. ITU-R BO.2029 5 Rap 2029-05FIGURE 5Polar plot of 43 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11.7 GHz in the 0 plane.The circles correspond
23、 to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle), 20 dB (middle circle)and 5 dB (innermost circle)Rap 2029-06FIGURE 6Polar plot of 43 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11.7 GHz in the 90 plane.The circles correspond to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle), 20 dB (middle circle)and 5 dB (innermost circle)6 Rep.
24、ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-074030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 7Comparison of the 43 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11.7 GHz in the 0 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)0 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 0 pla
25、neGain(dB)Rap 2029-084030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 8Comparison of the 43 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11.7 GHz in the 45 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)Gain(dB)45 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443
26、 45 planeRep. ITU-R BO.2029 7 Rap 2029-094030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 9Comparison of the 43 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11.7 GHz in the 90 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)90 planeRec. I
27、TU-R BO.1443 90 planeGain(dB)Rap 2029-104030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180Azimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)FIGURE 10Patterns for 43 cm earth station antenna at 12.5 GHz in the 0, 45 and 90 planes8 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-114030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45
28、90 135 180FIGURE 11Patterns for 45 cm earth station antenna at 11 GHz in the 0, 45 and 90 planesAzimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)Rap 2029-12FIGURE 12Polar plot of 45 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11 GHz in the 0 plane.The circles correspond to gains of 35 dB (outermost cir
29、cle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (innermost circle)Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 9 Rap 2029-13FIGURE 13Polar plot of 45 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11 GHz in the 90 plane.The circles correspond to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (innermost circle)Rap 2029-14403020100
30、1020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 14Patterns for 45 cm earth station antenna at 12.5 GHz in the 0, 45 and 90 planesAzimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)10 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-15FIGURE 15Polar plot of 45 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 0 plane.
31、The circles correspond to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (innermost circle)Rap 2029-16FIGURE 16Polar plot of 45 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 90 plane.The circles correspond to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (i
32、nnermost circle)Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 11 Rap 2029-174030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 17Comparison of the 45 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 0 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)Gain(d
33、B)0 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 0 planeRap 2029-184030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 18Comparison of the 45 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 45 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)Gain(dB)
34、45 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 45 plane12 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-194030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180Azimuth angle (degrees)Gain(dB)90 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 90 planeFIGURE 19Comparison of the 45 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 90 planewith the reference BSS earth
35、 station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Rap 2029-204030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180Azimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)FIGURE 20Patterns for 59 cm earth station antenna at 11 GHz in the 0, 45 and 90 planesRep. ITU-R BO.2029 13 Rap 2029-21FIGURE 21Po
36、lar plot of 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11 GHz in the 0 plane.The circles correspond to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (innermost circle)Rap 2029-22FIGURE 22Polar plot of 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11 GHz in the 90 plane.The circles correspond
37、 to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (innermost circle)14 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-234030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 23Comparison of the 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11 GHz in the 0 plane with the reference BSS earth station antenna
38、 patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)0 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 0 planeGain(dB)Rap 2029-244030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 24Comparison of the 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11 GHz in the 45 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna pat
39、ternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)Gain(dB)45 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 45 planeRep. ITU-R BO.2029 15 Rap 2029-254030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 25Comparison of the 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 11 GHz in the 90 planewith the reference BSS earth
40、 station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)90 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 90 planeGain(dB)Rap 2029-264030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180Azimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)FIGURE 26Patterns for 59 cm earth station antenna at 11.7 GHz in
41、 the 0, 45 and 90 planes16 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-274030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 27Patterns for 59 cm earth station antenna at 12.5 GHz in the 0, 45 and 90 planesAzimuth angle (degrees)0 plane45 plane90 planeGain(dB)Rap 2029-28FIGURE 28Polar plot of 59 cm earth station
42、 antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 0 plane.The circles correspond to gains of 35 dB (outermost circle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (innermost circle)Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 17 Rap 2029-29FIGURE 29Polar plot of 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 90 plane.The circles correspond to g
43、ains of 35 dB (outermost circle),20 dB (middle circle) and 5 dB (innermost circle)Rap 2029-304030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 30Comparison of the 59 cm earth station antenna at 12.5 GHz in the 0 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R
44、BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)Gain(dB)0 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 0 plane18 Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 Rap 2029-314030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180FIGURE 31Comparison of the 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the 45 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom R
45、ecommendation ITU-R BO.1443Azimuth angle (degrees)45 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 45 planeGain(dB)Rap 2029-044030201001020304050180 135 90 45 0 45 90 135 180Azimuth angle (degrees)90 planeRec. ITU-R BO.1443 90 planeGain(dB)FIGURE 32Comparison of the 59 cm earth station antenna pattern at 12.5 GHz in the
46、90 planewith the reference BSS earth station antenna patternfrom Recommendation ITU-R BO.1443Rep. ITU-R BO.2029 19 3.3 Antenna pattern analysis For each antenna, averaging of the radiation pattern sidelobe gain was performed for all eight measured planes and for each measurement frequency. The arith
47、metic mean is assumed to provide a true representative average sidelobe gain for all sidelobe peaks and troughs falling within a given window. The averaging was performed over a sliding sample window sufficiently small to contain several sidelobe peaks/troughs in order to obtain an overall sidelobe
48、gain representative for all planes, while avoiding distortion of the general behavior of the radiation pattern. This averaging is not shown in the data presented in Section 3. The following method of averaging was applied to all sidelobes captured within the sample window: Mean =nixinx110101(1) where: xi: i-th sidelobe gain sample for a given window n: total number of samples. A sample window of 3 was chosen to facilitate calculation of a representative local mean sidelobe gain. 4 Earth station antenna measurements and analyses provided by
