1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T E.156TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Supplement 2(06/2011) SERIES E: OVERALL NETWORK OPERATION, TELEPHONE SERVICE, SERVICE OPERATION AND HUMAN FACTORS International operation Operation of international telephone services Guidelines for ITU
2、-T action on reported misuse of E.164 number resources Supplement 2 Possible actions to counter misuse Recommendation ITU-T E.156 Supplement 2 ITU-T E-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS OVERALL NETWORK OPERATION, TELEPHONE SERVICE, SERVICE OPERATION AND HUMAN FACTORS INTERNATIONAL OPERATION Definitions E.100E.1
3、03 General provisions concerning Administrations E.104E.119 General provisions concerning users E.120E.139 Operation of international telephone services E.140E.159Numbering plan of the international telephone service E.160E.169 International routing plan E.170E.179 Tones in national signalling syste
4、ms E.180E.189 Numbering plan of the international telephone service E.190E.199 Maritime mobile service and public land mobile service E.200E.229 OPERATIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING IN THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE SERVICE Charging in the international telephone service E.230E.24
5、9 Measuring and recording call durations for accounting purposes E.260E.269 UTILIZATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE NETWORK FOR NON-TELEPHONY APPLICATIONS General E.300E.319 Phototelegraphy E.320E.329 ISDN PROVISIONS CONCERNING USERS E.330E.349 INTERNATIONAL ROUTING PLAN E.350E.399 NETWORK MANAGE
6、MENT International service statistics E.400E.404 International network management E.405E.419 Checking the quality of the international telephone service E.420E.489 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING Measurement and recording of traffic E.490E.505 Forecasting of traffic E.506E.509 Determination of the number of cir
7、cuits in manual operation E.510E.519 Determination of the number of circuits in automatic and semi-automatic operation E.520E.539 Grade of service E.540E.599 Definitions E.600E.649 Traffic engineering for IP-networks E.650E.699 ISDN traffic engineering E.700E.749 Mobile network traffic engineering E
8、.750E.799 QUALITY OF TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES: CONCEPTS, MODELS, OBJECTIVES AND DEPENDABILITY PLANNING Terms and definitions related to the quality of telecommunication services E.800E.809 Models for telecommunication services E.810E.844 Objectives for quality of service and related concepts of te
9、lecommunication services E.845E.859 Use of quality of service objectives for planning of telecommunication networks E.860E.879 Field data collection and evaluation on the performance of equipment, networks and services E.880E.899 OTHER E.900E.999 INTERNATIONAL OPERATION Numbering plan of the interna
10、tional telephone service E.1100E.1199 NETWORK MANAGEMENT International network management E.4100E.4199 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T E.156/Suppl.2 (06/2011) i Recommendation ITU-T E.156 Guidelines for ITU-T action on reported misuse of E.164 numbe
11、r resources Supplement 2 Possible actions to counter misuse Summary This supplement to Recommendation ITU-T E.156 identifies possible actions that are open to Member States and Sector Members when perceived or potential misuse of national ITU-T E.164 numbers occurs. The decision to publish this supp
12、lement was taken by ITU-T in order for guidance to be provided immediately. The intention is to further develop this supplement with a detailed review of Recommendation ITU-T E.156, based on contributions received in the future. This supplement is a first step towards identifying possible actions th
13、at might be taken to counter misuse, in advance of discussions over the suitability of including such information within Recommendation ITU-T E.156. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group 1.0 ITU-T E.156 2006-05-11 2 1.1 ITU-T E.156 Suppl. 1 2007-11-08 2 1.2 ITU-T E.156 Suppl. 2 2011-06
14、-10 2 ii Rec. ITU-T E.156/Suppl.2 (06/2011) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent
15、 organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes
16、the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards
17、are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this publication, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this publication is voluntary. However, the publication may
18、 contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the publication is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to expre
19、ss requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the publication is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this publication may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Ri
20、ght. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the publication development process. As of the date of approval of this publication, ITU had not received notice of intellectual
21、 property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this publication. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2011 All rights reserv
22、ed. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T E.156/Suppl.2 (06/2011) 1 Recommendation ITU-T E.156 Guidelines for ITU-T action on reported misuse of E.164 number resources Supplement 2 Possible actions to counter m
23、isuse 1 Scope This supplement to Recommendation ITU-T E.156 identifies possible actions that are open to Member States and Sector Members when perceived or potential misuse of national E.164 numbers occurs. The decision to publish this supplement was taken by ITU-T in order for guidance to be provid
24、ed immediately. The intention is to further develop this supplement with a detailed review of Recommendation ITU-T E.156, based on contributions received in the future. This supplement is a first step towards identifying possible actions that might be taken to counter misuse, in advance of discussio
25、ns over the suitability of including such information within Recommendation ITU-T E.156. 2 Practical steps to take when confronted with misuse or misappropriation Step Action 1 Ask the originating operator, also known as carrier, how they routed the call and for details of the Call Detail Record (CD
26、R) (also known as a call data record or charging data record). If the originating carrier is unwilling to do so, it usually helps to invoke WTSA Resolution 61. Generally, if the originating carrier is made aware of the circumstances concerning a perceived or potential misuse of ITU-T E.164 number re
27、sources, and is advised that the matter will escalate unless routing and CDR details are provided, they will provide the information. The relevant entities (for example the national regulator) may be asked to give advice, to intervene or even to request the information in their own name, but it has
28、in the past proved to be most effective when the receiving carrier requests such information. 2 Once the carrier to whom the originating carrier routed the call has been identified, they should be contacted and, if necessary, the process should be repeated until the offending carrier is known. Altho
29、ugh the process is not easy, in practice it has proved successful in many cases. Once the offending carrier has been identified, the relevant national agency, which must be located in the country where the misuse/misappropriation originated (country of jurisdiction), can be informed. It may be helpf
30、ul to use a large, well-established carrier to identify the originating carrier and obtain detailed information. 3 The entity that has discovered and/or suffered the misuse, should explain to the originating carrier: a) the problems that have been caused, b) possible counter measures, and c) ways in
31、 which their routing of calls could be changed to a higher quality circuit. This may work, but (i) the originator of the misuse (perpetrator) goes free and is able to continue the misuse through a different node, and (ii) the problem may be settled for a short time, but the original situation may oc
32、cur again within a short time. 2 Rec. ITU-T E.156/Suppl.2 (06/2011) Step Action 4 In addition, as appropriate under relevant laws and regulations, a country or group of countries, or Sector Members, might establish a function/resource to act as a focal point for numbering misuse issues. Such an enti
33、ty would in particular: i. receive reports of misuse ii. format the reports and post them on the ITUs misuse report site (http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/secured/misuse/index.html) iii. monitor responses published on the ITUs misuse site and send them to the source of the misuse report iv. monitor websites
34、for offers of premium rate numbers based on misuse of numbers v. send a notification to assignees of the resources to inform that such resources might have been misused vi. contact the operators of websites mentioned under 4 iv. above to complain about the misuse vii. contact the source of reported
35、misuse and take actions to request that the misuse be stopped viii. investigate to find out which intermediate carriers are involved in the misuse and contact them to request that the misuse be stopped Further information concerning the possible or perceived misuse of numbers can be notified to ITU
36、by duly authorized parties for publication in the ITU Operational Bulletin (http:/www.itu.int/pub/T-SP/e). The need to continually monitor perceived and potential misuse of numbers is recognised, as is the need to share information where parties should learn by the activities that they encounter. In
37、 utilising the exchange of information afforded by the Operational Bulletin, there should be increased avoidance of perceived misuse. Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 2011 SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS Series A Organization of the work of ITU-T Series D General tariff principles Series E Overall net
38、work operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services Series G Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems Series I Integrated services digital network Series J Cable netwo
39、rks and transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals Series K Protection against interference Series L Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant Series M Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance Seri
40、es N Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits Series O Specifications of measuring equipment Series P Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods Series Q Switching and signalling Series R Telegraph transmission Series S Telegraph services termina
41、l equipment Series T Terminals for telematic services Series U Telegraph switching Series V Data communication over the telephone network Series X Data networks, open system communications and security Series Y Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks Series Z Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems
