1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T J.196.2 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (10/2016) SERIES J: CABLE NETWORKS AND TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS Cable modems and home networking Physical layer specifi
2、cation of second generation HiNoC Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (10/2016) i Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 Physical layer specification of second generation HiNoC Summary Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 specifies the physical (PHY) layer specification of second generation high performan
3、ce networks over coax (HiNoC) which provides 1 Gbit/s data transmission over coaxial networks in the cable industry. The HiNoC architecture consists of a HiNoC bridge (HB) and HiNoC modems (HMs) and the HiNoC protocol stack includes the media access control (MAC) layer and PHY layer. This Recommenda
4、tion contains descriptions for the signal transmission mode of the PHY layer, including frame structure, channel coding and modulation techniques. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T J.196.2 2016-10-14 9 11.1002/1000/13049 Keywords HiNoC, physical layer, second g
5、eneration HiNoC. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (10/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunicati
6、on Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff quest
7、ions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations
8、 on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, t
9、he expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or a
10、pplicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance wi
11、th the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or appli
12、cability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to imple
13、ment this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any me
14、ans whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (10/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 3 6 PHY layer stru
15、cture 4 6.1 Overview 4 6.2 Scrambler 4 6.3 FEC coding . 4 6.4 Constellation mapping 10 6.5 Constellation scrambler 11 6.6 OFDM modulation . 12 7 PHY frame format 13 7.1 Overview 13 7.2 Preamble A . 14 7.3 Preamble B . 16 7.4 Payload A . 17 7.5 Payload B 18 7.6 Payload C 21 7.7 Payload D . 22 8 Spect
16、rum mask 23 Appendix I HiNoC 2.0 and 1.0 PHY layer brief comparison . 24 Appendix II Operational notes 25 Bibliography. 26 Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (10/2016) 1 Recommendation ITU-T J.196.2 Physical layer specification of second generation HiNoC 1 Scope This Recommendation specifies the physical (PHY) laye
17、r protocol and is part of a series of second generation HiNoC Recommendations for high-speed data transmission over coaxial cable. This Recommendation applies to bidirectional high-performance wideband access digital systems that use coaxial cable connected between fibre-to-the-building (FTTB) and H
18、iNoC modems (HMs). Frequency planning, safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements are a national matter and are not covered by this Recommendation. Compliance remains the operators responsibility. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisio
19、ns which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibilit
20、y of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendati
21、on. ITU-T G.972 Recommendation ITU-T G.972 (2016), Definition of terms relevant to optical fibre submarine cable systems. ITU-T J.112 Recommendation ITU-T J.112 (1998), Transmission systems for interactive cable television services. ITU-T J.195.1 Recommendation ITU-T J.195.1 (2016), Functional requi
22、rements for high speed transmission over coaxial networks connected with fibre to the building. ITU-T J.195.2 Recommendation ITU-T J.195.2 (2014), Physical layer specification for high speed transmission over coaxial networks. ITU-T J.195.3 Recommendation ITU-T J.195.3 (2014), Medium Access Control
23、layer specification for high speed transmission over coaxial networks. ITU-T J.196.1 Recommendation ITU-T J.196.1 (2016), Functional Requirements for second generation HiNoC. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 available sub
24、-carrier ITU-T J.195.2: Sub-carriers of OFDM symbol for data bearing. 3.1.2 constellation mapping ITU-T J.195.1: The process of mapping the data bits to the constellation symbol. 3.1.3 control frame ITU-T J.195.2: Frame of the MAC layer used for access control and channel allocation. 2 Rec. ITU-T J.
25、196.2 (10/2016) 3.1.4 cyclic prefix ITU-T J.195.2: Data located at the front of an OFDM symbol, which is a copy of the data from the end of the OFDM symbol. 3.1.5 cyclic redundancy check ITU-T J.112: A method of error detection using cyclic code. 3.1.6 data frame ITU-T J.195.2: Frame of the MAC laye
26、r used to carry data of the upper layer. 3.1.7 downlink ITU-T J.195.2: Link from HiNoC bridge (HB) to HiNoC modem (HM). 3.1.8 forward error correction ITU-T G.972: A technique which consists of transmitting the data in an encoded form such that the redundancy added by the coding allows the decoding
27、to detect and correct errors. 3.1.9 frame check sequence ITU-T J.195.2: A redundant sequence that is used for verifying the correctness of the received data. 3.1.10 Pd cycle ITU-T J.195.2: A time interval between two adjacent downlink probe frames. 3.1.11 probe frame ITU-T J.195.2: Frame of the phys
28、ical layer used for carrying signalling frames of the MAC layer. 3.1.12 scrambler ITU-T J.195.2: Process that randomizes data using a pseudo-random binary sequence. 3.1.13 signalling frame ITU-T J.195.2: Frame of the MAC layer used for node admission, node quitting/deletion and link maintenance. 3.1
29、.14 unavailable sub-carrier ITU-T J.195.2: Sub-carriers of OFDM symbol for adjacent channel protection and zero frequency sub-carrier. 3.1.15 uplink ITU-T J.195.2: Link from HiNoC modem (HM) to HiNoC bridge (HB). 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following term
30、s: 3.2.1 pilot sub-carrier: Sub-carriers for transmission of specific symbols in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. 3.2.2 constellation scrambler: The process that takes phase rotation of the constellation symbols in 4 quadrants by using binary pseudo random sequence. 4 Abb
31、reviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: BCH Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (code) Cd Control down CP Cyclic Prefix Dd downlink Data DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying Du uplink Data EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility FEC Forward Error Corre
32、ction FTTB Fibre-To-The-Building GSM Global System for Mobile communications HB HiNoC Bridge Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (10/2016) 3 HiNoC High performance Network over Coax HM HiNoC Modem IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform LDPC Low Density Parity Check Code MAC Media Access Control MAP Media Access Plan MS
33、O Multiple Systems Operator OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Pd downlink Probe PSD Power Spectral Density Pu uplink Probe QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QPSK Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying RF Radio Frequency Ru Report up SC Sub-C
34、hannel SCG_Ru Sub-Carrier Group for Ru frame SSC Symbol Sub-Cell TDMA Time Division Multiple Access 5 Conventions The keywords “is/are required to“ indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is permitted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed.
35、The keywords “is recommended“ indicate a requirement which is recommended but which is not absolutely required. Thus this requirement need not be present to claim conformance. The keywords “is prohibited from“ indicate a requirement which must be strictly followed and from which no deviation is perm
36、itted if conformance to this Recommendation is to be claimed. The keywords “can optionally“ indicate an optional requirement which is permissible, without implying any sense of being recommended. This term is not intended to imply that the vendors implementation must provide the option and the featu
37、re can be optionally enabled by the network operator/service provider. Rather, it means the vendor may optionally provide the feature and still claim conformance with the specification. In the body of this Recommendation and its annexes, the words shall, shall not, should and may sometimes appear, i
38、n which case they are to be interpreted, respectively, as is required to, is prohibited from, is recommended and can optionally. The appearance of such phrases or keywords in an appendix or in material explicitly marked as informative are to be interpreted as having no normative intent. The keywords
39、 “HiNoC 1.0“ indicate the HiNoC system defined by the ITU-T J.195 series. The keywords “HiNoC 2.0“ indicate the second generation HiNoC. 4 Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (10/2016) 6 PHY layer structure 6.1 Overview The functional blocks of the transmitter include scrambler, forward error correction (FEC) coding
40、, constellation mapping, constellation scrambler, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, cyclic prefix (CP) insertion, framing (into different types of PHY packets) and up conversion to radio frequency (RF) signals. The sequence of the blocks is shown in Figure 1, in which scr
41、ambler, FEC coding, constellation scrambler and framing can be optionally closed or opened according to different types of data stream. Figure 1 Functional block diagram of the transmitter 6.2 Scrambler The procedure of scrambler is required to conform to clause 6.2 of ITU-T J.195.2. 6.3 FEC coding
42、6.3.1 Overview The FEC encoder is required to support Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes and can optionally support the low density parity check (LDPC) codes specified in clause 6.3.3. 6.3.2 BCH code 6.3.2.1 Overview The BCH encoder is required to support three truncated BCH codes with the follo
43、wing code parameters: (392, 248), (1920, 1040) and (1920, 1744). 6.3.2.2 (392, 248) truncated BCH code The (392, 248) BCH code is truncated from (511, 367) BCH code, a systematic code with the octal representation for the generator polynomial shown as follows: (11266572025056663230170016522455626144
44、35511600655)8. 6.3.2.3 (1920, 1040) truncated BCH code The (1920, 1040) BCH code is truncated from (2047, 1167) BCH code, a systematic code with the octal representation for the generator polynomial shown as follows: (2607213617224645406577025220731152106357217602413642657023052056326613650555607461
45、24155122706374565474720414262325513114121607751671240010170277341021754016552312303425735775256072116343764367142103074345736165010273475542132124513630435143515626347123264462606121045647652066606334120024047475)8. 6.3.2.4 (1920, 1744) truncated BCH code The (1920, 1744) BCH code is truncated from
46、(2047, 1871) BCH code, a systematic code with the octal representation for the generator polynomial shown as follows: (64372013435571223560747633451755373433074714007120505460007)8. Rec. ITU-T J.196.2 (10/2016) 5 6.3.2.5 Encoding procedure The truncated BCH encoding procedure is required to conform
47、to clause 6.3.5 of ITU-T J.195.2. 6.3.3 LDPC code 6.3.3.1 Overview The LDPC encoder is required to support two LDPC codes with the following code parameters: (1920, 1728) and (3840, 3456). 6.3.3.2 (1920, 1728) LDPC code The parity check matrix of (1920, 1728) LDPC code is composed of the information
48、 bits part and the parity bits part, which correspond to information bits and parity bits respectively and is restricted to the form that the information part is located in the first half of the matrix and the parity part is located in the second half of the matrix. The information part of (1920, 17
49、28) LDPC parity matrix can be divided into 8*72 sub-matrices with a size of 24*24. Each sub-matrix is a null matrix or cyclic shift of unit matrix. The code table of the information part is shown in Table 1, where I represents the abscissa of the non-zero sub-matrix in mother matrix, J represents the ordinate of the non-zeros sub-matrix in mother matrix, R represents the cyclic right shift amount of the non-zero sub-matrix with respect to the unit matrix. For example, (I,J,R)=(2,1,23), represents that there is
