1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T K.93 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (12/2016) SERIES K: PROTECTION AGAINST INTERFERENCE Immunity of home network devices to electromagnetic disturbances Recommendation ITU-T K.93 Rec. ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) i
2、 Recommendation ITU-T K.93 Immunity of home network devices to electromagnetic disturbances Summary The introduction of high-speed data services to customer premises that rapidly adopt new technologies allows the distribution of such data within customer premises. This is leading to a number of diff
3、erent wireless (e.g., wireless local area network, LAN, and digital enhanced cordless telecommunications, DECT) and wireline technologies (e.g., LAN and technologies designed to exploit existing telephone extension and power distribution wiring) to interconnect a variety of in-home electronic and el
4、ectrical equipment (such as set top box, STB), and PCs. Many types of broadband services are provided on IP networks, such as voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), video on demand (VoD) and broadcasting. Moreover, the electromagnetic environment in the home will change due to this situation. Therefor
5、e, new electromagnetic compatibility issues may occur in a home network environment. Recommendation ITU-T K.93 aims to ensure normal operation of home networking devices and to provide a new additional immunity test method for broadband services, especially for devices that are sensitive to broadban
6、d interferences. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T K.93 2012-05-29 5 11.1002/1000/11636 2.0 ITU-T K.93 2016-12-14 5 11.1002/1000/13132 Keywords Broadband impulsive conducted disturbance, home networks, QoS and xDSL. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL
7、http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the fi
8、eld of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardi
9、zing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covere
10、d by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicat
11、e both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved
12、when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROP
13、ERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserte
14、d by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned tha
15、t this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec.
16、 ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 2 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 2 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Background . 3 6 Immunity test method of broadband disturbance . 3 6.1 Items to be tested 3 6.2 Te
17、st waveform 4 6.3 Test procedure 4 6.4 Test level 5 7 Immunity test method of impulsive disturbance 5 7.1 Specific EFT/B immunity test 5 8 Performance criteria 6 8.1 General performance criteria 6 Annex A Wireline data transmission or reception function 7 A.1 Applicability . 7 A.2 Definitions for us
18、e within this annex 7 A.3 Mode of operation 7 A.4 Performance criteria . 9 Appendix I Experimental example of transparency between AC power port and Ethernet port . 12 I.1 Electromagnetic disturbance entering toward Ethernet port 12 I.2 IP-based communication devices . 13 I.3 Modelling of IP-based c
19、ommunication devices . 15 I.4 Conclusions 17 Bibliography. 19 iv Rec. ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) Introduction Along with the widespread use of the Internet, a number of broadband services, such as voice over IP (VoIP), music downloading, video on demand, and TV broadcasting over a telecommunication networ
20、k, are provided by telecommunication operators and Internet service providers. These services require controlling quality of service (QoS) to ensure their reliability. Real-time services, such as Internet protocol TV (IPTV) or high-quality VoIP particularly require high quality performance. On the o
21、ther hand, there are many electric/electronic devices installed on customer premises that may be connected to networks. These devices may create an impulsive disturbance when they are turned on or off. In fact, quality degradation of IP-TV services caused by a repetitive impulsive disturbance has be
22、en reported by several telecommunication operators (see Appendices I-III of Recommendation ITU-T K.74). Therefore, new electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems caused by impulsive disturbances may occur in telecommunication networks. Rec. ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) 1 Recommendation ITU-T K.93 Immunity
23、 of home network devices to electromagnetic disturbances 1 Scope With the advent of Internet technologies, there are many telecommunication devices being used on customer premises. Therefore, new EMC problems may occur in such environments. These problems are caused by broadband disturbances, which
24、are produced by electrical devices. Many broadband services, such as Internet protocol TV and voice over IP, have been introduced to the home by telecommunication operators. These services require operators to be able to underwrite quality of service (QoS) levels, since both services are essentially
25、 streamed, and hence loss/delay of packets can be immediately apparent to the user as an interruption of the services. Resolving EMC issues of broadband services are one of the key factors for ensuring the QoS in home networks. Furthermore, use of the frequency band in the home is becoming wider and
26、 shifting to a higher frequency range. This Recommendation provides an immunity test for home network devices against broadband disturbances. The purpose of this Recommendation is to ensure normal operation of telecommunication devices in home networks and to provide additional requirements that do
27、not cover existing international standards. However, this Recommendation is not intended to replace or duplicate international/national regulations or laws. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute prov
28、isions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendati
29、ons and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T K.43 Recommendation ITU-T K.43 (2009), Immunity
30、 requirements for telecommunication equipment. ITU-T K.74 Recommendation ITU-T K.74 (2008), EMC, resistibility and safety requirements for home network devices. CISPR 24 CISPR 24:2010, Information technology equipment Immunity characteristics Limits and methods of measurement. IEC 61000-4-4 IEC 6100
31、0-4-4 (2004), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test Basic EMC Publication Amendment 1 (2010). IEC 61000-4-6 IEC 61000-4-6 (2008), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques Se
32、ction 6: Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields. 2 Rec. ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 AC power port ITU-T K.43: See clause 3.2.8 of ITU-T K.43, ports in telecommunica
33、tion equipment. 3.1.2 DC power port ITU-T K.43: See clause 3.2.8 of ITU-T K.43, ports in telecommunication equipment. 3.1.3 home network device ITU-T K.74: A home network device is an electronic/electric equipment whose primary function is the distribution of data within the home, between the networ
34、k termination point and one or more terminal devices. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following term: 3.2.1 wired network port: Point of connection for voice, data and signalling transfers intended to interconnect widely dispersed systems by direct connection
35、 to a single-user or multi-user communication network (for example, PSTN, ISDN, xDSL, LAN and similar networks). NOTE These ports may support screened or unscreened cables and may also carry AC or DC power where this is an integral part of the telecommunication specification. 4 Abbreviations and acr
36、onyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: AC Alternating Current AE Auxiliary Equipment CDN Coupling Decoupling Network CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check DC Direct Current DECT Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications EFT/B Electric Fast Transient/Burst EMC Electromagnet
37、ic Compatibility EMF Electromagnetic Field EUT Equipment Under Test FEXT Far End Crosstalk INP Impulsive Noise Protection IPTV Internet Protocol Television ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network LAN Local Area Networks LCL Longitudinal Conversion Loss PC Personal Computer PLT Power Line Telecommun
38、ications POTS Plain Old Telephone Service Rec. ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) 3 PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network QoS Quality of Service RMS Root Mean Square SES Severely Errored Seconds STB Set Top Box STP Shielded Twisted Pair UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair VoD Video on Demand VoIP Voice over Internet Pro
39、tocol xDSL x-type Digital Subscriber Line 5 Background The introduction of high-speed data services to customer premises that rapidly adopt technologies allows the distribution of such data on customer premises. This is leading to a number of different wireless (e.g., wireless LAN and DECT) and wire
40、line technologies (e.g., LAN and technologies designed to exploit existing telephone extension and power distribution wiring) to interconnect a variety of in-home electronic and electrical equipment (such as STBs and PCs). Moreover, telecommunication operators have introduced to homes many broadband
41、 services, such as Internet protocol TV (IPTV) and voice over IP (VoIP). These services require operators to be able to underwrite quality of service (QoS) levels, since both services are essentially streamed, and hence loss/delay of packets can be immediately apparent to the user as an interruption
42、 of the services. Resolving EMC issues of broadband services are one of the key factors for ensuring the QoS in home networks. Furthermore, use of the frequency band in the home is becoming wider and shifting to a higher frequency range. These techniques introduce a new family of EMC issues, e.g., c
43、larification of electromagnetic environment, cable characteristics, cabling on premises, immunity performance of services sensitive to interruption, and immunity performance against wideband disturbances. This work contributes to reduction in climate change by developing specifications that allow eq
44、uipment to operate within a home network environment without disturbance. The availability of such equipment avoids the unnecessary manufacture and distribution of equipment to replace existing equipment thought to be faulty. It also reduces subsequent engineer visits required to resolve ongoing iss
45、ues. 6 Immunity test method of broadband disturbance 6.1 Items to be tested The EUT considered in this Recommendation shall comply with, at least, relevant immunity standards, such as ITU-T K.43, ITU-T K.74 or CISPR publications such as CISPR 24. 6.1.1 Broadband impulsive conducted disturbances This
46、 method is used to apply repetitive and isolated impulsive noise to xDSL ports of the EUT. The requirements for test level, burst duration and period for the two tests are given in Table 1. The test procedure is based upon the CDN method defined and described in IEC 61000-4-6, but with a signal gene
47、rator replaced by a generator capable of producing a 1 ms burst of white noise every 10 ms or 8.3 ms for countries where the AC mains is 50 or 60 Hz, respectively (see Figure 1). 4 Rec. ITU-T K.93 (12/2016) Figure 1 Example block diagram of the test set-up 6.2 Test waveform The white noise burst sho
48、uld be derived from a longer-sequence pseudo-random near-Gaussian white noise generator, band-limited to 30 MHz. The length of the sequence from which the noise bursts are taken shall be at least 128k samples. An arbitrary waveform generator could be used to generate this waveform. 6.3 Test procedur
49、e The amplifier and CDN shall have a uniform frequency response that does not change by more than 3 dB over the frequency range that extends from 150 kHz to the highest frequency used by the DSL technology, or 30 MHz, whichever is the lowest. It is recommended that the CDN should have an LCL of at least 60 dB over the same frequency range. The LCL of the CDN shall be measured in accordance with CISPR 16-1-2. NOTE Equipment that satisfies the performance criteria when tested using a CDN with a lower LCL value shall b
