1、 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T Series E.300 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Supplement 7 (11/1988) SERIES E: OVERALL NETWORK OPERATION, TELEPHONE SERVICE, SERVICE OPERATION AND HUMAN FACTORS Operation of the international service Description of INMARSAT existing and pla
2、nned systems ITU-T E.300-series Recommendations Supplement 7 (Formerly CCITT Recommendations) ITU-T E-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS OVERALL NETWORK OPERATION, TELEPHONE SERVICE, SERVICE OPERATION AND HUMAN FACTORS INTERNATIONAL OPERATION Definitions E.100E.103 General provisions concerning Administrations
3、E.104E.119 General provisions concerning users E.120E.139 Operation of international telephone services E.140E.159 Numbering plan of the international telephone service E.160E.169 International routing plan E.170E.179 Tones in national signalling systems E.180E.189 Numbering plan of the internationa
4、l telephone service E.190E.199 Maritime mobile service and public land mobile service E.200E.229 OPERATIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING IN THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE SERVICE Charging in the international telephone service E.230E.249 Measuring and recording call durations for acc
5、ounting purposes E.260E.269 UTILIZATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE NETWORK FOR NON-TELEPHONY APPLICATIONS General E.300E.319 Phototelegraphy E.320E.329 ISDN PROVISIONS CONCERNING USERS E.330E.349 INTERNATIONAL ROUTING PLAN E.350E.399 NETWORK MANAGEMENT International service statistics E.400E.409
6、 International network management E.410E.419 Checking the quality of the international telephone service E.420E.489 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING Measurement and recording of traffic E.490E.505 Forecasting of traffic E.506E.509 Determination of the number of circuits in manual operation E.510E.519 Determinati
7、on of the number of circuits in automatic and semi-automatic operation E.520E.539 Grade of service E.540E.599 Definitions E.600E.649 Traffic engineering for IP-networks E.650E.699 ISDN traffic engineering E.700E.749 Mobile network traffic engineering E.750E.799 QUALITY OF TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES:
8、 CONCEPTS, MODELS, OBJECTIVES AND DEPENDABILITY PLANNING Terms and definitions related to the quality of telecommunication services E.800E.809 Models for telecommunication services E.810E.844 Objectives for quality of service and related concepts of telecommunication services E.845E.859 Use of quali
9、ty of service objectives for planning of telecommunication networks E.860E.879 Field data collection and evaluation on the performance of equipment, networks and services E.880E.899 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. E.300 series Supplement 7 (11/1988) i Suppleme
10、nt 7 to ITU-T E.300-series Recommendations Description of INMARSAT existing and planned systems Summary This supplement gives the highlights of the INMARSAT Standard A, B and C maritime communications systems and of the INMARSAT aeronautical satellite communications (initial) system. Source Suplemen
11、t 7 was approved in Melbourne (1988) and originally published in Blue Book, Fascicle II.2. ii E.300 series Supplement 7 (11/1988) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardiz
12、ation Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which
13、 meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU
14、-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this publication, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws
15、 attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this publication may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or oth
16、ers outside of the publication development process. As of the date of approval of this publication, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this publication. However, implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the lat
17、est information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. ITU 2002 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. E.300 series Supplement 7 (11/1988) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Standard A s
18、ystem 1 2 Standard B system 2 3 Standard C system 3 4 Aeronautical system (Initial system) 4 E.300 series Supplement 7 (11/1988) 1 Supplement 7 to ITU-T E.300-series Recommendations Description of INMARSAT existing and planned systems 1 Standard A system The INMARSAT Standard A communications system
19、 has enabled INMARSAT to provide maritime communications following the organizations inception in February 1982. The primary function of the Standard A system is to provide telephone, telex and some data services together with distress and safety-related traffic. 1.1 The Standard A system consists o
20、f the following major elements in an ocean region: a) the network coordination (NCS); b) coast earth station (CES); c) ship earth station (SES); and d) the space segment. 1.1.1 Three network coordination stations are provided in the Standard A system, one in each ocean region, managing central resou
21、rces such as allocating traffic channels on a demand assigned basis and coordinating signalling and control traffic. 1.1.2 Each coast earth station serves as a gateway to and from the terrestrial network to ship earth stations within the coverage area of the satellite. The types of terrestrial netwo
22、rk interfaces at a coast earth station are provided at the discretion of the coast earth station operator. 1.1.3 The ship earth station interfaces the CES via the space segment at L-Band, and consists of two portions: above-deck equipment and below-deck equipment. The above-deck equipment consists o
23、f an antenna with stabilization and automatic steering equipment enabling the antenna beam to remain pointed at a satellite, regardless of course and ship movements. The below-deck equipment consists of an antenna control unit, communications electronics used for transmission, reception, access cont
24、rol and signalling, and telephone and teleprinter equipment. Optional equipment for low-speed data, high-speed data, facsimile, etc., can be installed with the below-deck equipment. Before joining the Network, SESs have to successfully complete the prescribed commissioning tests. 1.1.4 The space seg
25、ment consists of three operational satellites, one in each ocean region, together with three spare satellites provided on a 1-for-1 basis. The operational satellites are in a geostationary orbit and provide global coverage up to 75 latitude. 1.2 The satellite channels needed to establish communicati
26、on services and associated signalling in the Standard A system are described below: 1.2.1 Common TDM carrier The common TDM carrier (or common signalling channel) is transmitted by the NCS and is received by all CESs and SESs in the respective ocean region for the reception of signalling messages fr
27、om the NCS. 1.2.2 Coast earth station TDM carrier Each coast earth station transmits a TDM carrier at a frequency which is uniquely associated with the station. The TDM carrier carries signalling messages to the NCS and telegraph channels to ship earth stations. Twenty-two 50-baud telex channels and
28、 an out-of-band signalling channel are time-division multiplexed on the TDM carrier in the shore-to-ship link. 1.2.3 Ship earth station TDMA channel There is a ship-to-shore TDMA channel, paired to the CES TDM carrier, for the corresponding ship-to-shore twenty-two 50-baud channels. SESs transmit th
29、eir telex channels in bursts in this channel, with burst timing derived from the “unique word” in the CES TDM carrier. 2 E.300 series Supplement 7 (11/1988) 1.2.4 Request channels Request messages are transmitted by ship earth stations as random access bursts. Each coast earth station monitors the t
30、wo ship-to-shore channels and processes only those call requests addressed to it. 1.2.5 FM/SCPC channels Frequency modulated single channel per carrier channels are used for the transmission of voice, data and analog and digital facsimile. Telephone channels are assigned on demand by the network coo
31、rdination station. 1.2.6 High Speed Data (HSD) channels High-speed 56 kbit/s data transmission is also possible, but in the ship-to-shore direction only, from specially equipped SESs to specially equipped CESs. 1.3 The following services are provided by each CES: a) telephone calls on a ship-to-shor
32、e, shore-to-ship and ship-to-ship basis; the channels may be used for facsimile or data at the users discretion; b) telex calls on a ship-to-shore, shore-to-ship and ship-to-ship basis; c) optional services which may be provided at the discretion of the respective CES operator: i) group calls, i.e.,
33、 calls to groups of SESs, using only a shore-to-ship channel (telephony or telegraphy). The SESs in the group may be selected on the basis of: national identity, fleet, ocean area, similar interest; ii) high-speed data 56 kbit/s ship-to-shore direction only. 2 Standard B system 2.1 The Standard B sy
34、stem has been designed to provide more efficient utilisation of satellite power and bandwidth resources for INMARSATs mainstream services (telephone and telex), to provide digital data services, and to provide the capability of fulfilling future maritime ISDN service requirements. 2.2 The Standard B
35、 system consists of the following major elements in an ocean region, in addition to the satellites: a) the network coordination station (NCS); b) coast earth stations (CESs); and c) ship earth stations (SESs). 2.2.1 Three network coordination stations are provided in the Standard B system, one in ea
36、ch region, managing central resources such as SCPC traffic channels when demand assigned operation is used, and coordinating signalling and control traffic. 2.2.2 Each coast earth station provides the interface between the terrestrial network and the mobile ship earth stations within the coverage ar
37、ea of the satellite. Coast earth stations operate at C-band (although an L-band capability is also required for NCS signalling purposes). The terrestrial network interfaces provided at CESs are at the discretion of each CES operator. 2.2.3 The mobile ship earth station interfaces with the CES via th
38、e space segment at L-band; multi-channel ship earth stations are planned as an addition to the baseline system. 2.3 SESs wishing to operate in a particular ocean region do not have to register with a particular CES on a log-on/log-off basis once they have met the requirements of the commissioning te
39、sts. All relevant SES and service information is provided to the CES during initialisation signalling procedures. E.300 series Supplement 7 (11/1988) 3 2.4 The satellite channels used for communication services and signalling in the Standard B system are described below: 2.4.1 Voice (V) channels are
40、 single-channel-per-carrier (SCPC) digital channels supporting a voice coding rate of 16 kbit/s with Adaptive Predictive Coding (APC). These channels also support voice band data (including facsimile) up to 2400 kbit/s information rate, and sub-band signalling (for service address and, in the future
41、, ISDN signalling). 2.4.2 The Data (D) channel is an SCPC digital channel supporting a data information rate of 9.6 kbit/s. These channels also support Group 3 facsimile and sub-band signalling. 2.4.3 CES TDM channel are used to carry CES signalling messages to SESs, including channel assignments, t
42、elex (ITA2) and data (IA5 asynchronous) at 300 bit/s information rate. 2.4.4 NCS TDM channels are used to carry NCS signalling messages to SESs and CESs including call announcements and channel assignments and Bulletin Board information so that additional or alternate signalling channels can be impl
43、emented to meet operational needs. 2.4.5 SES TDMA channels are used to carry SES telex (ITA2) or data (IA5) at 300 bit/s information rate. 2.4.6 SES Request channel (SESRQ) is a random access (Aloha) channel used to carry SES signalling information, specifically the request signals which initiate a
44、ship-originated call transaction to CESs (including satellite spot-beam identification). 2.4.7 SES Response channel (SESRP) provides SES signalling information to CESs, specifically the SES response information required to facilitate a shore-originated call (including satellite spot-beam identificat
45、ion). 2.4.8 CES/NCS Inter-Station Signalling channel (ISS) enables signalling information to be exchanged between CESs and NCSs for call and network management purposes. 2.5 The following services are available at each CES: a) telephone calls on a ship-to-shore, shore-to-ship and ship-to-ship basis;
46、 b) telex calls on a ship-to-shore, shore-to-ship and ship-to-ship basis; c) broadcast of shore originated telephone or telex calls when addressed with any of the following: the SESs unique mobile ship earth station number, an “all ships” identity, a national identity, a fleet group identity, a gene
47、ral group identity; d) voice band data services, including facsimile; e) digital data services, including Group 3 facsimile. 2.6 Further services determined in the future for ISDN applications will be added as a feature of this system once they have been clearly defined. 3 Standard C system 3.1 The
48、Standard C communications system has been designed allowing the operation of the smallest ship earth station in the INMARSAT system and thus enabling the smallest vessels to avail themselves with satellite communications. Its primary communications function is text and data transmission to and from
49、ships. It has been designed to interface with the International Telex Network on a store-and-forward basis as well as a range of terrestrial data networks. It is also able to carry an oceanwide broadcast only service known as the Enhanced Call group (EGC). 4 E.300 series Supplement 7 (11/1988) 3.2 The Standard C system consists of the following main elements in an ocean region: a) the network coordination station (NCS); b) coast earth station (CES); and c) ship earth station (SES). 3.2.1 Three network coordination statio
