1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Series J Supplement 3 (I I /98) SERIES J: TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS Guidelines for the implementation of Recommendation J.1 I1 “Network Independent Protocols“ Ex
2、ample of digital video broadcasting (DVB) systems for interactive services ITU-T J-series Recommendations - Supplement 3 (Previously CCITT Recommendations) II 4862591 b60118L b?9 Sa ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS TRANSMISSION OF TELEVISION, SOUND PROGRAMME AND OTHER MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS General Recomm
3、endations General specifications for analogue sound-programme transmission Performance characteristics of analogue sound-programme circuits Equipment and lines used for analogue sound-programme circuits Digital encoders for analogue sound-programme signals Digital transmission of sound-programme sig
4、nais Circuits for analogue television transmission Analogue television transmission over metallic lines and interconnection with radio-relay links Digital transmission of television signals Ancillary digital services for television transmission Operational requirements and methods for television tra
5、nsmission Interactive systems for digital television distribution Transport of MPEG-2 signals on packetised networks Measurement of the quality of service Digital television distribution through local subscriber networks J. 1-J.9 J. 10-J. 19 J.20-J.29 J.30-J.39 J.40-J.49 J.50-J.59 J. 40-J. 49 J.70-J
6、 .79 3.80-J.89 J.90-J.99 J. 100-J. 109 J. 1 10-J. 129 J. 1304.139 J.140-J.149 3.150-J.159 For firther details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations. SUPPLEMENT 3 TO ITU-T J-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GUIDELINES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDATION J.111 “NETWORK INDEPENDENT PROTOCOLS“ EXAMP
7、LE OF DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCASTING (DVB) SYSTEMS FOR INTERACTIVE SERVICES Source Supplement 3 to ITU-T J-series Recommendations was prepared by ITU-T Study Group 9 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 5 procedure on the 19th of November 1998. J series - Supplement 3 (11/98) 1 FOR
8、EWORD IT (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommuni- cations. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the 1“. The IT-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and
9、issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations
10、on these topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the IT-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within IT-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. NOTE In
11、 this Recommendation the term recognized operating agency (ROA) includes any individual, company, corporation or governmental organization that operates a public correspondence service. The terms Administration, ROA and public correspondence are defined in the Constitution of the ITU (Geneva, 1992).
12、 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS The ITU draws attention to the possibiliy that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Proper
13、ty Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However,
14、implementors are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database. O ITU 1999 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includin
15、g photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. 11 J series - Supplement 3 (11/98) CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Scope References Abbreviations . Use of the interaction channel 4.1 As part of a bootstrap application (at start-up) 4.2 From within an interactive application (after
16、 start-up) . 4.3 When the interaction channel is already in use for a different telephone number Logical channels . 5.1 Logical channel S1 5.2 Logical channel S2 5.3 Logical channel S3 5.4 Logical channel S4 5.5 Logical channel S5 Protocols . 6.1 TCP/IP model 6.2 Internet Protocol (IP) 6.3 Transmiss
17、ion Control Protocol (TCP) . 6.4 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 6.5 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) . 6.6 Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol (MP) 6.7 SNMP and MIB 6.8 IPCP and assigned numbers 6.9 CHAP and PAP . 6.10 Digital Storage Media - Command and Control (DSM-CC) 6.12 Object Request Broker (ORB) Us
18、e of the protocol stacks for enhanced broadcast services . 7.1 Use of the DSM-CC User-to-User protocol Network congestion control 8.1 Traffic shaping 8.2 IDL description of traffic shaping . 6.1 1 UNO-WC, UNO-CDR, IOR (GIOP and IIOP) J series . Supplement 3 (11/98) Page 1 1 2 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7
19、 7 8 10 10 11 11 13 13 13 17 18 18 18 19 20 20 . 111 4862593 Obb0485 214 B Supplement 3 to J-series Recommendations GUIDELINES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDATION 5.111 “NETWORK INDEPENDENT PROTOCOLS“ EXAMPLE OF DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCASTING (DVB) SYSTEMS FOR INTERACTIVE SERVICES (Geneva, 1998) 1
20、Scope The basic requirement of an interaction channel is that the user be able to respond in some way to the Interactive Service (IS). This response may take the form of “voting“ for a particular participant in a competitor show, “purchasing“ goods demonstratedadvertised in a shopping channel progra
21、mme, etc. This would be achievable within a one-way (reverse direction) narrowband path. A higher level of interactivity might require that a user who has made a response to an IS be sent an acknowledgement. This might be the case where the consumer has made a credit card purchase from a shopping ch
22、annel via the basic interaction channel. That consumer would expect to receive an acknowledgement that his credit card transaction had been accepted. This level of interactivity would require a two-way interaction channel: one in the reverse direction and the other in the forward direction. A furthe
23、r level of interactivity would occur where, in response to information in the interactive service, the consumer requests further information on particular topics from the source of the service, or from a central database via the source of the IS. This would require that the forward channel be broadb
24、and. In this particular example, the reverse path would only need to be a narrowband one, but it is likely that applications will arise whereby the consumer will need to make a broadband responsekontribution to the IS and also receive a broadband “answer“ from the service source. This Supplement is
25、intended to explain the ways in which the network-independent protocols specified in Recommendation J.lll 2 can be used in conjunction with an interaction network as specified, for instance, in Recommendation J.113 I to implement the full range of Interactive Services (IS) complementing broadcast te
26、levision services. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are
27、 subject to revision; all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. il ITU-T Recommenda
28、tion J.113 (1998), Digital video broadcasting interaction channel through the PSTN/ISDN. VI ITU-T Recommendation 3.1 11 (1998), Network independent protocols for interactive systems. 131 41 IEEE Std 802-1990, Local and Metropolitan Area Nehuorh: IEEE Standard Overview and Architecture. ISOilEC 138 1
29、8- 1 : 1996,. Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -Part I: System. ISOAEC 138 18-2: 1996, Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -Part 2: Video. ISO/IEC 13818-3: 1998, Information technology
30、- Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -Part 3: Audio. 51 DAVIC 1 .O specification part No. 7 (January 1996), High-layer and Mid-layerprotocols. J series - Supplement 3 (11/98) 1 I 4862591 Obb4Bb 9i5 IBI ISOAEC 1381 8-6:1998, Information technology - Generic coding of m
31、oving pictures and associated audio information - Part 6: Extensions for DSM-CC. ETS 300 468 (1995), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems. prTS 101 198 - “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Carriage of Internet Protocol (IP) via DVB broadcast cha
32、nnels“. RFC 768 (1980), User Datagram Protocol. RFC 79 1 (1 98 l), Internet Protocol. RFC 793 (1981), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). RFC 1332 (1992), The Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP). RFC 1661 (1994), The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP); RFC 1662 (1994), PPP in HDLC-like Framing. RF
33、C 1717 (1994), The PPPMultilink Protocol (W). “Universal Network Object Specification“, Version 1 .O (identical to OMG-UNO Specification for CORBA 2.0). RFC 1157 (1990), Simple NetworkManagement Profocol (SNW). RFC 1323 (1992), TCP extensions for high performance. RFC 1889 (1996), RTP: A Transport P
34、rotocol for Real-time Applications. RFC 1334 (1992), Authentication Protocols. RFC 1340 (1992), Assigned Numbers. Abbreviations For the purposes of this Supplement, the following abbreviations apply: API ASN. 1 BCD BER BIOP BIOP CATV CDR CHAP DAVIC DSM DSM-CC DSM-CC U-N DSM-CC U-U DVB Application Pr
35、ogramming Interface Abstract Syntax Notation One Binary Coded Decimal Basic Encoding Rules Broadcast Inter ORB Protocol Broadcast Inter-ORB Protocol (see DSM-CC ISO/IEC 13818-6 6) Cable Television Common Data Representation Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol Digital AudioVisual Council Digi
36、tal Storage Media DSM - Command and Control DSM-CC User-to-Network DSM-CC User-to-User Digital Video Broadcasting Project The Digital Video Broadcasting Project (DVB) is a consortium of broadcasters, manufacturers, network operators and regulatory bodies created for designing standards for the deliv
37、ery of digital television. 2 J series - Supplement 3 (11/98) S: 4862591 06610487 O97 111 GIOP HDLC HFC IETF IIOP IOP IOR IP IPCP IS ISDN ISP LCN LCP LLC LSB MD5 MIB MJD MMDS MP MPEG MPEG TS NCP NSAP ORB os1 PAP PPP PSTN RFC RPC RTP SI SIS SMATV SNAP SNMP General Inter-ORB Protocol (see DSM-CC ISO/IE
38、C 1381 8-6 161) High-level Data Link Control (protocol) Hybrid Fibre Coax Internet Engineering Task Force Internet Inter-ORB Protocol Inter-ORB Protocol (see DSM-CC ISOAEC 13818-6 6) Interoperable Object Reference (see DSM-CC ISO/IEC 1381 8-6 6) Internet Protocol IP Control Protocol Interactive Serv
39、ice Integrated Services Digital Network IS Provider Local Connection Name Link Control Protocol Link Layer Control Least Significant Bit Message Digest 5 (This is a hash scrambling algorithm) Management Information Base Modified Julian Date Multipoint Microwave Distribution System Multilink Point-to
40、-Point Protocol Moving Picture Expert Group MPEG Transport Stream Network Control Protocol Network Services Access Point Object Request Broker (see DSM-CC ISO/IEC 1381 8-6 6) Open Systems Interconnection Password Authentication Protocol Point-to-Point Protocol Public Switched Telephone Network Reque
41、st For Comments Remote Procedure Call Real Time Protocol Service Information Systems for Interactive Services Satellite Master Antenna Television SubNetwork Attachment Point Simple Network Management Protocol J series - Supplement 3 (11/98) 3 SRM STB STU TCP TS TV UDP ULP UN UNO UNO-CDR UNO-RPC UTC
42、uu Session and Resource Manager Set Top Box Set Top Unit Transmission Control Protocol Transport Stream Television User Datagram Protocol 8-bit Upper Layer Protocol User-Network (see DSM-CC ISO/IEC 1381 8-6 6) Universal Networked Object UNO - Common Data Representation UNO - Remote Procedure Call Un
43、iversal Time Coordinated User-to-User (UV) signalling (see DSM-CC ISOAEC 138 18-6 6) 4 Adding interactivity to the DVB environment brings on some changes in the system Set-up. A broadcaster is able to transfer information to the end user, using the DVB MPEG-2 transport mechanisms as defined in sever
44、al DVB-related ETSI deliverables. In order to make a real interactive broadcast possible, end-user information has to be used. This is possible by feeding back information from the end user to an Interactive Service Provider (ISP). The ISP has contacts with the broadcaster and could even be the same
45、 organization, as shown in Figure 1. Use of the interaction channel Interactive service provider TO907360-99d01 Figure 1 - High-level system overview for Interactive Services (is) supporting broadcast to the home with narrowband return channels 4 J series - Supplement 3 (11/98) It is necessary to ma
46、ke a standardized way of transfemng information from the end user to the ISP. This has been accomplished by, on the one hand, a set of specifications for return channels by DVB (see e.g. Recommen- dation J. 1 13 i) for the lower layers of the OS1 stack and, on the other hand, the specification for n
47、etwork-independent protocols for interaction channels Recommendation J.111 2. Recommendation J.111 2 consists of protocol stacks for: - sending data from the broadcaster or ISP to the end consumers Set Top Box (STB) via the DVBMPEG-2 data transmission system; - - sending data from the ISP to the end
48、 consumers STB via the interaction channel; sending data from the ISP to the end consumers STB via the interaction channel and vice versa. The basis of Recommendation J. 1 1 1 2 is formed by Part 6 of the MPEG-2 standard (ISO/IEC 138 18 6) called Digital Storage Media Command and Control (DSM-CC) wi
49、th, for the interaction channel, the Internet Protocol (IP) as lower layer and the MPEG-2 Data Carousels as lower layer for the broadcast channel. Data can be content or application controi/application communication or other control data such as download. Content can consist of compressed video, compressed stills, compressed audio or. computer data, like files or whatever other information for the end user. In clause 6, the protocol stacks used are explained. First, however, in clause 5 the logical channels are explained. They are also used in DAVIC
