1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU TELEMATIC SERVICES TERMINAL EQUIPMENTS AND PROTOCOLS FOR TELEMATIC SERVICES T.417 (03/93) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - OPEN DOCUMENT ARCHITECTURE (ODA) AND INTERCHANGE FORMAT: RASTER GRAPHICS CONTENT ARCHITECTURE
2、S ITU-T Recommendation T.417 ITU-T RECMNUT.417 93 = 4862591 0590436 470 Foreword ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommunications. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. Some 179
3、 member countries, 84 telecom operating entities, 145 scientific and industrial organizations and 38 international organizations participate in ITU-T which is the body which sets world telecommunications standards (Recommendations). The approval of Recommendations by the Members of ITU-T is covered
4、by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki, 1993). In addition, the World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, approves Recommendations submitted to it and establishes the study programme for the following period. In some areas of info
5、rmation technology, which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with IS0 and IEC. The text of ITU-T Recommendation T.417 was approved by the WTSC (Helsinki, March 1-12, 1993. The identical text is also published as ISOAEC International Standard 861
6、3-7. NOTES 1 As a consequence of a reform process within the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the CCITT ceased to exist as of 28 February 1993. In its place, the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) was created as of 1 March 1993. Similarly, in this reform process, the CC
7、IR and the IFRl3 have been replaced by the Radiocommunication Sector. In order not to delay publication of this Recommendation, no change has been made in the text to references containing the acronyms “CCITT, CCIR or IFREi” or their associated entities such as Plenary Assembly, Secretariat, etc. Fu
8、ture editions of this Recommendation will contain the proper terminology related to the new ITU structure. 2 telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a O ITU 1994 All rights re
9、served. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. CONTENTS SUMMARY INTRODUCTION . Scope Normative references . 2.1 Identical Recommendations I Inte
10、rnational Standards 2.2 2.3 Additional references Definitions Abbreviations . Conventions General principles 6.1 Content architecture classes Formatted content architecture class . 6.2 Content 6.2.2 Colour mode 6.3 Presentation attributes . 6.4 Content portion attributes 6.5 Coding of content inform
11、ation 6.6 Picture element (pel) array 6.7 Principles of positioning pels . 7.1 Basic concepts . Measurement units and directions . 7.2 Pel image model 7.3 Positioning of pels . 7.3.1 The clipped pel array 7.3.2 Discarded pels . 7.4 Tiling . 7.5 Positioning of pels in a basic layout object . 7.5.1 Po
12、sitioning parameters . . 7.5.2 Positioning rules for formatted content . 7.5.3 Positioning rules for formatted processable content . Definition of raster graphics presentation attributes 8.1 Shared presentation attributes . 8.1.1 Clipping 8.1.2 Line progression 8.1.3 Pel path 8.2 Layout presentation
13、 attributes . 8.2.1 Initial offset . 8.2.2 Pel transmission density 8.3 Logical presentation attributes 8.3,2 Pel spacing 8.3.3 Spacing ratio . Content architecture class attributes 8.4.1 Content architecture class . Paired Recommendations I International Standards equivalent in technical content 6.
14、1.1 6.1.2 Formatted processable content architecture class . 6.2.1 Binary mode Colour spaces applicable to the raster graphics content architecture 7.1.1 7.1.2 Coordinate systems . 8.3.1 Image dimensions . . 8.4 ITU-T Rec . T.417 (1993 E) Page vi vi 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6
15、6 7 7 7 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 14 14 15 15 15 15 i . 9 Definition of raster graphics content portion attributes 9.1.1 Type of coding 9.2 Other coding attributes 9.2.1 Compression . 9.2.2 Number of lines . 9.2.3 9.2.4 Number of discarded pels . 9.2.5 Number of lines per tile 9.2.6 Number o
16、f pels per tile line . 9.2.7 Tiling offset . 9.2.9 Bits per colour component 9.2.10 Interleaving format 9.3 Content information attributes 9.4 Interactions with document architecture attributes . Formal definitions of raster graphics content architecture dependent data types . 10.1 Introduction . 10
17、.2 Representation of presentation attributes 10.3 Representation of coding attributes . 10.4 1 1 Coding schemes . 11.1 CCITT Rec . T.6 encoding scheme 11.2 11.3 Bitmap encoding scheme 11.4 Tiled encoding scheme 11.5 Direct value encoding scheme 11.6 Octet run-length encoding scheme 11.7 Packed index
18、 encoding scheme . 12 Content layout process . 12.1 Introduction . 12.1.1 Purpose 12.1.2 Available area . 12.1.3 Presentation attributes . 12.1.4 Coding attributes . 12.1.5 Raster graphics content architecture classes . 12.1.6 Layout of the content 12.2 Notation 12.3 The fixed dimension content layo
19、ut method 12.4 13 Content imaging process 13.1 Introduction . 13.2 Content imaging process for formatted form 13.3 Content imaging process for formatted processable form Definition of raster graphics content architecture classes 14.1 14.2 Summary of raster graphic content portion attributes . Annex
20、A - Summary of raster graphics content architecture classes Formatted raster graphics content architecture class . A . 1.1 Presentation attributes . A.1.2 Content portion attributes A.2.1 Presentation attributes . A.2.2 Content portion attributes 9.1 Common coding attributes Number of pels per line
21、. 9.2.8 Tile types. 10 Representation of non-basic features and non-standard defaults CCIT Rec . T.4 encoding schemes The scalable dimension content layout method 14 Summary of raster graphics presentation attributes A.l A.2 Formatted processable raster graphics content architecture class . Page 16
22、16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 23 24 25 25 25 26 26 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 28 28 29 29 29 30 31 36 36 36 36 36 37 38 38 38 38 39 39 40 28 ii ITU-T Rec . T.417 (1993 E) Annex B . Summary of ASN.l object identifiers C.l Introduction . C.2 Names and public identifiers . C.3 Represe
23、ntation of attribute values . C.3.1 Constructed parameters . C.3.2 String parameters C.3.3 Keyword parameters . C.3.4 Integer parameters . C.4 Presentation attributes . Shared presentation attributes (format attribute-directives) Layout presentation attributes (formal attributes) . Logical presentat
24、ion attributes (format directives) . Annex C - SGML representation of raster graphics content-specific attributes for ODL C.4.1 (2.4.2 C.4.3 C.5 Coding attributes . Index ITU-T Rec . T.417 (1993 E) Page 41 42 42 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 43 43 43 44 45 iii ITU-T RECMN+T*417 93 4862593 0590440 9TL LIST OF
25、 TABLES Table 1 . Raster graphics presentation attributes Table 2 . Default values of the presentation attribute “initial offset” (position of initial point) . Table 3 . Relation of pel spacing and line spacing to resolution Table 4 . Default value of the presentation attribute “number of pels per l
26、ine” . Table 5 . Dimensions of basic layout object . Table 6 - Raster graphics presentation attributes Table 7 - Raster graphics content portion attributes . Table A . 1 - Formatted raster graphics content architecture class presentation attributes . Table A.2 - Formatted processable raster graphics
27、 content architecture class content portion attributes . Table A.3 - Formatted processable raster graphics content architecture class presentation attributes . Table A.4 - Formatted processable raster graphics content architecture class content portion attributes . Table B . 1 - Summary of ASN.l obj
28、ect identifiers Page 11 13 13 18 29 37 37 38 38 39 40 41 iY ITU-T Rec . T.417 (1993 E) LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 . Relationships among the colour spaces for the Raster Graphics Content Architecture . Figure 2 . Example of direction Figure 3 - Example of clipping a content portion . Figure 4 - Locatio
29、n of the pel array in the set of tiles . Figure 5 - Example of the tile content ordering Figure 6 - Positioning of pels of the clipped pel array within a basic layout object . Figure 7 - Diagrams used to illustrate the process of determining the basic layout object dimensions Figure 8 - Layout proce
30、ss for the presentation attribute “image dimensions” when a value is specified for the parameter “automatic” . Figure 9 - Layout process for the presentation attribute “image dimensions” when a value is specified for the Figure 10 - Layout process for the presentation attribute “image dimensions” wh
31、en a value is specified for the parameter “area controlled” . parameter “width controlled” or “height controlled” . ITU-T Rec . T.417 (1993 E) Page 5 6 7 8 8 9 32 33 34 35 Y ITU-T RECMN*Te4L7 93 W 48b2591 0590442 774 m SUMMARY This Recommendation is one of the Recommendations of the T.410-Series. It
32、 defines the raster graphics content architecture used to include images in a document. Image coding methods used in the raster graphics content architecture include methods used in the facsimile environments as well as methods used in non-facsimile environments. INTRODUCTION This ITU-T Recommendati
33、on I International Standard was prepared as a joint publication by ITU-T Study Group 8 and ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1. At present, the ITU-T Recommendation T.410-Series I ISOhEC 8613 consists of: - Introduction and general principles; - Document structures; - Document profile; - Open docume
34、nt interchange formats; - Character content architectures; - Raster graphics content architectures; - Geometric graphics content architectures; - NOTE - The use of FODA is applicable to ISOiEC only. Formal Specification of the Open Document Architecture (FODA) Further Specifications may be added to
35、this set of ITU-T Recommendations I International Standard. Development of these Recommendations i International Standard was originally in parallel with ECMA 101: 1989, Open Document Architecture. This set of ITU-T Recommendations I International Standard replaces the CCITT T.410-Series of Recommen
36、dations (1988) and IS0 8613:1989. Significant technical changes are the inclusion in this Recommendation I International Standard of the following amendments as agreed by ITU-TS and ISOAEC JTC 1: - Tiled raster graphics; - Colour. In addition, a number of technical corrigenda have been applied to th
37、e Specification. This part contains three annexes: - - - Annex A (integral) contains a summary of the raster graphics content architecture classes; Annex B (non-integral) lists the ASN.l object identifiers used by the raster graphics content architecture; Annex C (integral to ISOhEC only) contains O
38、DL, the SGML representation of the attributes specific to raster graphics content architectures. vi ITU-T Rec. T.417 (1993 E) ITU-T SECMNaT.417 93 M 48162573 0590443 680 = ISO/IEC 8613-7 : 1994 (E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY - OPEN DOCUMENT ARCHITECTURE (ODA)
39、AND INTERCHANGE FORMAT: RASTER GRAPHICS CONTENT ARCHITECTURES 1 Scope The purpose of the ITU-T Rec. T.410-Series I ISOAEC 8613 is to facilitate the interchange of documents. In the context of these Recommendations I International Standards, documents are considered to be items such as memoranda, let
40、ters, invoices, forms and reports, which may include pictures and tabular material. The content elements used within the documents may include graphic characters, geometric graphics elements and raster graphics elements, all potentially within one document. NOTE - These Recommendations I Intemationa
41、l Standards are designed to allow for extensions, including hypermedia features, spreadsheets and additional types of content such as audio and video. In addition to the content types defined in these specifications, ODA also provides for arbitrary content types to be included in documents. These Re
42、commendations I International Standards apply to the interchange of documents by means of data communications or the exchange of storage media. These Recommendations I International Standards provide for the interchange of documents for either or both of the following purposes: - - to allow presenta
43、tion as intended by the originator; to allow processing such as editing and reformatting. The composition of a document in interchange can take several forms: formatted form, allowing presentation of the document; processable form, allowing processing of the document; formatted processable form, all
44、owing both presentation and processing. - - - These Recommendations I International Standards also provide for the interchange of ODA information structures used for the processing of interchanged documents. This ITU-T Recommendation I International Standard defines: - the raster graphics content ar
45、chitectures that can be used in conjunction with the document architecture defined in ITU-T Rec. T.412 I ISOAEC 8613-2; the internal structure of content portions that are structured according to a raster graphics content architecture; - - those aspects of positioning and imaging applicable to the p
46、resentation of raster graphics contents in a basic layout object; a content layout process which, together with the document layout process defined in ITU-T Rec. T.412 I ISO/IEC 8613-2, specifies the method for determining the dimensions of basic layout objects for raster graphics content portions;
47、the presentation and content portion attributes applicable to raster graphics content architectures. - - ITU-T Rec. T.417 (1993 E) 1 2 Normative references The following IT-T Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions o
48、f this Recornmendation I International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation I International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of
49、applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The ITU-T Secretariat maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations/CCIT Recommendations. 2.1 Identical Recommendations I International Standards - ITU-T Recommendation T.411 (1992) I ISOIEC 8613-1:1994, Information technology - Open Document Architecture (ODA) and interchange format: Introduction and general principles. ITU-T Recommendation T.412 (1992) I ISOAEC 8613-2: 1994, Information technology - Open
