1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T X.1500TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Amendment 4(09/2013) SERIES X: DATA NETWORKS, OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS AND SECURITY Cybersecurity information exchange Overview of cybersecurity Overview of cybersecurity information exchange Amendme
2、nt 4: Revised structured cybersecurity information exchange techniques Recommendation ITU-T X.1500 (2011) Amendment 4 ITU-T X-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS DATA NETWORKS, OPEN SYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS AND SECURITY PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS X.1X.199 OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION X.200X.299 INTERWORKING BETWEEN NETWO
3、RKS X.300X.399 MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS X.400X.499 DIRECTORY X.500X.599 OSI NETWORKING AND SYSTEM ASPECTS X.600X.699 OSI MANAGEMENT X.700X.799 SECURITY X.800X.849 OSI APPLICATIONS X.850X.899 OPEN DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING X.900X.999 INFORMATION AND NETWORK SECURITY General security aspects X.1000X.1029
4、 Network security X.1030X.1049 Security management X.1050X.1069 Telebiometrics X.1080X.1099 SECURE APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES Multicast security X.1100X.1109 Home network security X.1110X.1119 Mobile security X.1120X.1139 Web security X.1140X.1149 Security protocols X.1150X.1159 Peer-to-peer security
5、 X.1160X.1169 Networked ID security X.1170X.1179 IPTV security X.1180X.1199 CYBERSPACE SECURITY Cybersecurity X.1200X.1229 Countering spam X.1230X.1249 Identity management X.1250X.1279 SECURE APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES Emergency communications X.1300X.1309 Ubiquitous sensor network security X.1310X.1
6、339 CYBERSECURITY INFORMATION EXCHANGE Overview of cybersecurity X.1500X.1519Vulnerability/state exchange X.1520X.1539 Event/incident/heuristics exchange X.1540X.1549 Exchange of policies X.1550X.1559 Heuristics and information request X.1560X.1569 Identification and discovery X.1570X.1579 Assured e
7、xchange X.1580X.1589 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T X.1500 (2011)/Amd.4 (09/2013) i Recommendation ITU-T X.1500 Overview of cybersecurity information exchange Amendment 4 Revised structured cybersecurity information exchange techniques Summary Amen
8、dment 4 to Recommendation ITU-T X.1500 (2011) provides a list of structured cybersecurity information techniques that has been created to be continually updated as these techniques evolve, expand, are newly identified or are replaced. The list follows the outline provided in the body of the Recommen
9、dation. This amendment reflects the situation of recommended techniques as of September 2013, including bibliographical references. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID*1.0 ITU-T X.1500 2011-04-20 17 11.1002/1000/11060-en1.1 ITU-T X.1500 (2011) Amd. 1 2012-03-02 17 11.1002/1
10、000/11574-en1.2 ITU-T X.1500 (2011) Amd. 2 2012-09-07 17 11.1002/1000/11751-en1.3 ITU-T X.1500 (2011) Amd. 3 2013-04-26 17 11.1002/1000/11942-en1.4 ITU-T X.1500 (2011) Amd. 4 2013-09-04 17 11.1002/1000/12041-en_ *To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field o
11、f your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T X.1500 (2011)/Amd.4 (09/2013) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, in
12、formation and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a
13、worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down
14、in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication ad
15、ministration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory p
16、rovisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attenti
17、on to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others o
18、utside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the
19、 latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T X.1500 (2011)/Amd.4 (
20、09/2013) 1 Recommendation ITU-T X.1500 Overview of cybersecurity information exchange Amendment 4 Revised structured cybersecurity information exchange techniques 1) Replace Appendix I with the appendix below. Appendix I Structured cybersecurity information exchange techniques (This appendix does no
21、t form an integral part of this Recommendation.) Table I.1 Techniques in the weakness, vulnerability and state exchange cluster Technique Description References Common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVE) Common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVE) is a method for identifying and exchanging informatio
22、n on security vulnerabilities and exposures and providing common identifiers for publicly-known problems. The goal of CVE is to make it easier to share data across separate vulnerability capabilities (tools, repositories and services) with this “common enumeration“. CVE is designed to allow vulnerab
23、ility databases and other resources to be linked together, and to facilitate the comparison of security tools and services. As such, CVE does not contain information such as risk, impact or fix information, or detailed technical information. CVE only contains the standard identifier number with a st
24、atus indicator, a brief description, and references to related vulnerability reports and advisories. The intention of CVE is to be comprehensive with respect to all publicly-known vulnerabilities and exposures. While CVE is designed to contain mature information, the primary focus is on identifying
25、vulnerabilities and exposures that are detected by security tools, as well as identifying any new problems that become public, and then addressing any older security problems that require validation. b-ITU-T X.1520 2 Rec. ITU-T X.1500 (2011)/Amd.4 (09/2013) Table I.1 Techniques in the weakness, vuln
26、erability and state exchange cluster Technique Description References Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) The common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) process provides for an open framework for communicating the characteristics and impacts of ICT vulnerabilities. The CVSS consists of three
27、groups: base, temporal and environmental. Each group produces a numeric score ranging from 0 to 10 and a vector, a compressed textual representation that reflects the values used to derive the score. The base group represents the intrinsic qualities of a vulnerability. The temporal group reflects th
28、e characteristics of a vulnerability that change over time. The environmental group represents the characteristics of a vulnerability that are unique to the environment of the user. The CVSS enables ICT managers, vulnerability bulletin providers, security vendors, application vendors and researchers
29、 to all benefit by adopting a common language of scoring ICT vulnerabilities. b-ITU-T X.1521 Common weakness enumeration (CWE) Common weakness enumeration (CWE) is a process for identifying and exchanging unified, measurable sets of software weaknesses. CWE enables more effective discussion, descrip
30、tion, selection and use of software security tools and services that can find these weaknesses in source code and operational systems. It also provides for better understanding and management of software weaknesses related to architecture and design. CWE implementations are compiled and updated by a
31、 diverse, international group of experts from business, academia and government agencies, ensuring breadth and depth of content. CWE provides standardized terminology, allows service providers to inform users of specific potential weaknesses and proposed resolutions, and allows software buyers to co
32、mpare similar products offered by multiple vendors. b-ITU-T X.1524 Common weakness scoring system (CWSS) The common weakness scoring system (CWSS) provides for an open framework for communicating the characteristics and impacts of a software weakness. b-CWSS See Note. Rec. ITU-T X.1500 (2011)/Amd.4
33、(09/2013) 3 Table I.1 Techniques in the weakness, vulnerability and state exchange cluster Technique Description References Open vulnerability and assessment language (OVAL) Open vulnerability and assessment language (OVAL) is an international specification effort to promote open and publicly availa
34、ble security content, and to standardize the transfer of this information across the entire spectrum of security tools and services. OVAL includes a language used to encode system details, and an assortment of content repositories held throughout the community. The language standardizes the three ma
35、in steps of the assessment process: representing configuration information of systems for testing, analysing the system for the presence of the specified machine state (vulnerability, configuration, patch state, etc.), and reporting the results of this assessment. The repositories are collections of
36、 publicly available and open content that utilize the language. OVAL schemas written in XML have been developed to serve as the framework and vocabulary of the OVAL language. These schemas correspond to the three steps of the assessment process: an OVAL system characteristics schema for representing
37、 system information, an OVAL definition schema for expressing a specific machine state, and an OVAL results schema for reporting the results of an assessment. b-ITU-T X.1526. eXtensible configuration checklist description format (XCCDF) The eXtensible configuration checklist description format (XCCD
38、F) is a specification language for writing security checklists, benchmarks, and related kinds of documents. An XCCDF document represents a structured collection of security configuration rules for some sets of target systems. The specification is designed to support information interchange, document
39、 generation, organizational and situational tailoring, automated compliance testing, and compliance scoring. The specification also defines a data model and format for storing results of benchmark compliance testing. The intent of XCCDF is to provide a uniform foundation for expression of security c
40、hecklists, benchmarks, and other configuration guidance, and thereby foster more widespread application of good security practices. XCCDF documents are expressed in XML. b-XCCDF Common platform enumeration (CPE) Common platform enumeration (CPE) is a standardized method to identify and describe the
41、software systems and hardware devices present in an enterprises computing asset inventory. CPE provides: a naming specification, including the logical structure of well-formed CPE names and the procedures for binding and unbinding these names with machine-readable encodings; a matching specification
42、, which defines procedures for comparing CPE names to determine whether they refer to some or all of the same products or platforms; and a dictionary specification, which defines the concept of a dictionary of identifiers and prescribes high-level rules for dictionary curators. b-ITU-T X.1528 b-ITU-
43、T X.1528.1 b-ITU-T X.1528.2 b-ITU-T X.1528.3 b-ITU-T X.1528.4 4 Rec. ITU-T X.1500 (2011)/Amd.4 (09/2013) Table I.1 Techniques in the weakness, vulnerability and state exchange cluster Technique Description References Common configuration enumeration (CCE) Common configuration enumeration (CCE) provi
44、des unique identifiers to system configuration issues in order to facilitate fast and accurate correlation of configuration data across multiple information sources and tools. For example, CCE identifiers can be used to associate checks in configuration assessment tools with statements in configurat
45、ion best-practice documents. b-CCE NOTE ITU is currently considering the creation of an ITU-T Recommendation specifying this technique. Table I.2 Techniques relevant to the event, incident, and heuristics exchange cluster Technique Description References Common event expression (CEE) Common event ex
46、pression (CEE) standardizes the way computer events are described, logged, and exchanged. By using CEEs common language and syntax, enterprise-wide log management, correlation, aggregation, auditing, and incident handling can be performed more efficiently and produce better results. The primary goal
47、 of the effort is to standardize the representation and exchange of logs from electronic systems. CEE breaks the recording and exchanging of logs into three (3) components: profile, log syntax, and log transport. b-CEE See Note. Incident object description exchange format (IODEF) The incident object
48、 description exchange format (IODEF) defines a data representation that provides a standard format for the exchange of commonly exchanged information about computer security incidents. IODEF describes an information model and provides an associated data model specified with XML schema. b-ITU-T X.154
49、1 Extension to IODEF for reporting phishing This extends the incident object description exchange format (IODEF) to support the reporting of phishing events. Recommendation ITU-T X.1500 is intended to only describe techniques for commonly understood, assured means for cybersecurity entities to exchange cybersecurity information, and does not include the uses of that information. b-IETF RFC 5901 Common attack pattern enumeration and classification (CAPEC) The common attack pattern enumera
