1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T Y.3013 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (08/2014) SERIES Y: GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS Future networks Socio-economic assessment of future networ
2、ks by tussle analysis Recommendation ITU-T Y.3013 ITU-T Y-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS GLOBAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE General Y.100Y.199 Services, applications and middleware Y.200Y.299 Network aspects Y.300Y.399
3、Interfaces and protocols Y.400Y.499 Numbering, addressing and naming Y.500Y.599 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.600Y.699 Security Y.700Y.799 Performances Y.800Y.899 INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS General Y.1000Y.1099 Services and applications Y.1100Y.1199 Architecture, access, network capabil
4、ities and resource management Y.1200Y.1299 Transport Y.1300Y.1399 Interworking Y.1400Y.1499 Quality of service and network performance Y.1500Y.1599 Signalling Y.1600Y.1699 Operation, administration and maintenance Y.1700Y.1799 Charging Y.1800Y.1899 IPTV over NGN Y.1900Y.1999 NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS
5、 Frameworks and functional architecture models Y.2000Y.2099 Quality of Service and performance Y.2100Y.2199 Service aspects: Service capabilities and service architecture Y.2200Y.2249 Service aspects: Interoperability of services and networks in NGN Y.2250Y.2299 Enhancements to NGN Y.2300Y.2399 Netw
6、ork management Y.2400Y.2499 Network control architectures and protocols Y.2500Y.2599 Packet-based Networks Y.2600Y.2699 Security Y.2700Y.2799 Generalized mobility Y.2800Y.2899 Carrier grade open environment Y.2900Y.2999 FUTURE NETWORKS Y.3000Y.3499 CLOUD COMPUTING Y.3500Y.3999 For further details, p
7、lease refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T Y.3013 (08/2014) i Recommendation ITU-T Y.3013 Socio-economic assessment of future networks by tussle analysis Summary The need for a socio-economic assessment of future networks (FNs) is documented in the “Social and economic awareness“ o
8、bjective and in the “Economic incentives“ design goal of Recommendation ITU-T Y.3001. Recommendation ITU-T Y.3013 introduces tussle analysis as a meta-method for such a socio-economic assessment of FN technology. Different methods are proposed to implement the three steps that comprise tussle analys
9、is. The benefits of integrating tussle analysis into the standardization phase of FN technology are highlighted. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T Y.3013 2014-08-29 13 11.1002/1000/12283 Keywords Economic incentives, social and economic awareness, socio-economi
10、c assessment, tussle analysis. _ * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T Y.3013 (08/2014) FOREWORD The International
11、Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating a
12、nd tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce
13、Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Re
14、commendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., intero
15、perability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest tha
16、t compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, va
17、lidity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be re
18、quired to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprod
19、uced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T Y.3013 (08/2014) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 1 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 2 6
20、Introduction . 2 7 Design for tussle . 3 8 Tussle analysis 3 8.1 Stakeholder identification methods 5 8.2 Tussle identification methods . 5 8.3 Tussle impact and tussle evolution methods 6 9 Tussle analysis in FN technology standardization 7 Appendix I Tussle notions 8 I.1 General example . 8 I.2 Sp
21、ecific example 9 Appendix II Methods overview 11 Appendix III Stakeholder overview 13 Bibliography. 15 Rec. ITU-T Y.3013 (08/2014) 1 Recommendation ITU-T Y.3013 Socio-economic assessment of future networks by tussle analysis 1 Scope This Recommendation describes tussle analysis and recommends it to
22、complement FN design and standardization using socio-economic assessment. The scope of this Recommendation covers the following aspects: The importance of social and economic awareness of FNs, as identified by ITU-T Y.3001; FN design for tussle principles, which ensure social and economic awareness;
23、 Tussle analysis as a meta-method to assess a FN technologys compliance with these principles; Recommended methods to implement the three steps of the tussle analysis meta-method; Benefits of the integration of tussle analysis into FN standardization. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations
24、 and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore en
25、couraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone
26、document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T Y.3001 Recommendation ITU-T Y.3001 (2011), Future networks: Objectives and design goals. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following term defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 future network (FN) ITU-T Y.3001: A network able to
27、provide services, capabilities, and facilities difficult to provide using existing network technologies. A future network is either: a) A new component network or an enhanced version of an existing one, or b) A heterogeneous collection of new component networks or of new and existing component netwo
28、rks that is operated as a single network. NOTE (added by this Recommendation) The plural form “future networks“ (FNs) is used to show that there may be more than one network that fits the definition of a future network. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the followi
29、ng terms: 3.2.1 spillover: A special case of a tussle evolution, which is characterized by triggering a tussle in a functionality space that the original tussle was not about. 3.2.2 tussle: The entire set of stakeholders with conflicting interests over the usage and deployment of a technology and th
30、e resulting attempts to enforce these interests through technological, economic, or judicial means. 2 Rec. ITU-T Y.3013 (08/2014) 3.2.3 tussle evolution: An iterative interaction of stakeholders through technological, economic, or judicial means, to influence the outcome of the respective tussle. 4
31、Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: ASP Application Service Provider DPI Deep Packet Inspection FN Future Network ICT Information and Communication Technology IP Internet Protocol ISP Internet Service Provider MACTOR Matrix of Alliances and C
32、onflicts: Tactics, Objectives and Recommendations SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats TCP Transmission Control Protocol VoIP Voice over IP 5 Conventions None. 6 Introduction Social and economic awareness is one out of four objectives for future networks (FNs) outlined in ITU-T Y.3001.
33、 This objective is motivated by the desire to reduce entry barriers for the various actors involved in the network ecosystem, and can be achieved by reducing life cycle costs and thereby allowing appropriate competition and an appropriate return for all actors. Traditional engineering goals are focu
34、sed on technical properties, such as effectiveness, efficiency and modularity. Contrary to other technologies, FNs are a means for socio-economic interactions between a wide group of participants with possibly conflicting interests. Therefore, designing FNs according to purely technically-driven eng
35、ineering goals can lead to technologies that do not match the market and policy makers needs, or that fail to satisfy other socio-economic demands, thus negatively affecting the technologies adoption and long-term success. Therefore, ITU-T Y.3001 identifies the design goal of economic incentives for
36、 FNs. This design goal postulates that FNs are to be designed to provide a sustainable competition environment for solving tussles among the range of participants in the information and communication technology (ICT)/telecommunication ecosystem. In the light of the objective of social and economic a
37、wareness and the related design goal of economic incentives, as determined in ITU-T Y.3001, this Recommendation recommends that technically-driven FN design and standardization is to be complemented by a socio-economic assessment of FN technology. To this end, tussle analysis is proposed as a meta-m
38、ethod (see Note) to assess if a technology for FNs is designed in a socio-economic aware and incentive-compatible manner. In addition useful methods to implement the three steps of tussle analysis are recommended. NOTE A meta-method describes steps that need to be implemented by specific methods. Re
39、c. ITU-T Y.3013 (08/2014) 3 7 Design for tussle Ideally, the introduction of a new FN technology should lead to a satisfying outcome for all involved stakeholders and it should not lead to spillovers to other functionalities. In cases where unsatisfied stakeholders or spillovers have to be expected,
40、 the technology designer should examine whether implementation changes could avoid these undesirable outcomes. Internet technologies should be designed to allow for variations rather than imposing a particular outcome b-Clark05. Accordingly, the stated “Design for tussle“ goal is based on the percep
41、tion that the Internet is a rather unpredictable system and it is very difficult to assess whether a particular outcome will remain desirable in the future. The tussle analysis methodology helps in designing FN technology that is designed for tussle. A technology such as an Internet communication pr
42、otocol is designed for tussle if it complies with the “Design for choice“ and the “Modularize the design along the tussle boundaries“ principles, whereby the technology should: lead to a stable outcome by allowing all involved stakeholders to express their interests and affect the outcome (“Design f
43、or choice“ principle); avoid spillovers to other functionalities (“Modularize the design along the tussle boundaries“ principle). The “Design for choice“ principle provides guidance in designing technology that allows for variation in outcome. Useful properties of this principle include: “Exposure o
44、f list of choices“ suggesting that the stakeholders involved must be given the opportunity to express multiple alternative choices and which the other party should also consider; “Exchange of valuation“ suggesting that the stakeholders involved should communicate their preferences in regard to the a
45、vailable set of choices (for instance by ranking them in descending order); “Exposure of choices impact“ suggesting that the stakeholders involved should appreciate what the effects of their choices are on others; “Visibility of choices made“ suggesting that both the agent and the principal of an ac
46、tion must allow the inference of which of the available choices that has been selected. The “Modularize the design along tussle boundaries“ principle helps in identifying whether tussle spillovers can appear. A technology designer can check for the following two conditions: “Stakeholder separation“,
47、 or whether the choices of one stakeholder group have significant side effects on stakeholders of another functionality (another tussle space), for example, create economic externalities between stakeholders of different tussle spaces; “Functional separation“, or whether different stakeholders use s
48、ome functionality of the given technology in an unforeseen way to achieve a different goal in some other tussle space, i.e., the functionality of technology A interferes with (and possibly cancels) the functionality of technology B. 8 Tussle analysis FN technology should undergo a systematic socio-e
49、conomic assessment during technology design and technology standardization phases in order to anticipate the extent to which the FN technology is designed for tussle. Tussle analysis b-TussleAnalysis determines the recommended meta-method for conducting such a socio-economic assessment. When applying tussle analysis to FN technology, the following steps, for which concrete methods are given in clauses 8.1 to 8.3, have to be performed: 4 Rec. ITU-T Y.3013 (08/2014) Step
