1、 KSKSKSKS SKSKSKS KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS 2005 12 28 KS I ISO 112683 3： KS I ISO 112683：2005I ISO 112683：2005 ( ) ( ) KIST ( ) ( ) ： ： 2001 1 6 ： 2005 12 28 2005 1014 ： ： ( ) ( 02 509 72625) . 7 5 , . ICS 13.080.30 KS I ISO 3： 11268 3： 2005Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms Part 3： Gu
2、idance on the determination of effects in field situations 1999 1 ISO 11268 3 Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms Part 3： Guidance on the determination of effects in field situations . 1. , (chemicals) . 2. . . KS M ISO 10390 pH KS M ISO 10694 ( ) KS M ISO 11274 ( ) KS M ISO 11277 ( , )
3、 3. (kg/ha) (L/ha) . . 4. . 1 . . , . 4 . . , (residue analysis) . 5. 5.1 (screen flotation) . I ISO 112683：2005 2 . (Raw 1959) (Oktett method, Thielemann 1986, Cuendet et al. 1991) . . (Lee 1985). (individual samples) . 5.2 510 L/0.25 m2 0.2 % . 23 . 30 . (5 % formol 70 % , 8.1 ) . (30 ) ( , Aporre
4、ctodea rosea ) . 5.3 1 60 g . 9 L . 5.2 . 5.4 . , , , . . 30 . (30 ) . 6. 6.1 (test site) 6.1.1 (記述) . , . . 1 m2 20 . 1 m2 100 . 6.1.3 . (type of environment) . , Lumbricus terrestris Aporrectodea caliginosa ( 10 % ) . . . , , . , . (KS M ISO 11277) (KS M ISO 10694) I ISO 112683：2005 3 pH (KS M ISO
5、 10390) (A ) . (micro-climate) ( , , , ) , . ( , , ). 3 . 6.1.2 (test field) (1 26 ) . 12 . . , . , . . ( ) . . ( ) . . . . . 12 . 6.1.3 (design of experiment) . . ( ) 100 m2(10 m10 m) . . 1 m 2 m ( 1 ). I ISO 112683：2005 4 2 1 1 2 (edge strip) 1 2 m . . (Daniel & Bieri 1988). ( , , ) 4 , 4 ( , 16 .
6、). 0.25 m2 . 1015 cm, 56 cm . 1 m2 . . . 6.2 . 3050 cm( .) . . (diapause) . 60 % . 3 . , , . 7. 7.1 (application of the test substance) . , . ( ) , , . , I ISO 112683：2005 5 (application equipment) ( , .). . 200300 L/ha . 400800 L/ha . . ( ) , . . . . . 7.2 3 , . ： 1 ： 46 ： 12 . . 7.3 ( ) . (Niklas
7、& Kennel 1978, Edwards & Brown 1982, Heimbach 1990). (4080 % ) 24 kg/ha . . 8. 8.1 (Graff 1953, Sims&Gerard, 1985) . Easton(1983) . 5 % . 70 % (fixation) (preservation liquid) . , . , . . Tanylobes Epilobes . Epilobous Tanylobous . peristomium (prostomium) . . Lumbricus spp I ISO 112683：2005 6 ( ) .
8、 Zygolobous peristomium ( 1 ) , Prolobous posterior Epilobous , Epilobous Tanylobous . 2() . 8.2 . . 9. . . (test) (inference) . Kolmogoroff Smirnovs(1) Bartletts . Dunnetts Williams ( = 0.05, one-sided) t (multiple t-test) . U (multiple U-test), Holm(1979) Bonferroni U . (parametric test procedures
9、) ( , ) pairwise Students t- Mann Whitney U . (1) Kolmogoroff Smirnovs 2 ( ) . (activity-related) , . (Cuendet et al. 1991) Lumbricus terrestris . (endogeneous species) ( ) (Raw 1959). 10. . a) b) 9. c) , d) (6.1.1 ) e) f) ( , , ) g) h) i) , j) k) l) m) n) I ISO 112683：2005 7 1() I ISO 112683：2005 8
10、 2() KolmogoroffSmirnov KolmogoroffSmirnov (degree of agreement) , x2 . . ： . 1. . “H0： .” . D . D = maximum )()(N0XSXF F0(X)： , x SN(X)： , SN(X ) =K/N K： x N： KolmogoroffSmirnov , . a) . b) . c) . 1. . “H0= .” “ .” . . D D = maximum )()(21XSXSnn Sn1(X)： , Sn1(X ) =K/n1Sn2(X)： , Sn2(X ) =K/n2K： x n1
11、,n2： n1,n2 40 D K kd kd . 40 n1 n2 , kd . I ISO 112683：2005 9 2. 40 20 . 40 n1 n2 . D x2 . x2 x2 = 4D22121nnnn+ . ventrral(low surface) view (dorsal cross -section upper surface) I ISO 112683：2005 10 (L, terrestris) (dorsal cross -section upper surface) 3： 2006 1 23 135 513 701 7 (02)6009 4567 (02)6
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14、 7 Fax. (062)953 1438 641 210 298 7 ( 6 ) (055)212 1212 Fax. (055)212 1213 683 804 758 2( 2 ) (052)289 6601 3 Fax. (052)289 6604 425 020 541 3( 4 ) (031)487 6191 4 Fax. (031)487 6195 730 350 92 30( 8 ) (054)473 6954 Fax. (054)473 6955 480 848 2 487 6( 3 ) (031)82981824 Fax. (031)8298185 KOREAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION KSKSKSSKSKS KSKS SKS KSKS SKSKS KSKSKSKS I ISO 112683： 2005 Soil qualityEffects of pollutants on earthwormsPart 3：Guidance on the determination of effects in field situations ICS 13.080.30
