1、 KSKSKSKS SKSKSKS KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS 2005 12 28 KS I ISO 15685 KS I ISO 15685： 2005I ISO 15685： 2005 ( ) ( ) KIST ( ) ( ) ： ： 2005 12 28 2005 1013 ： ： ( ) ( 02 509 72625) . 7 5 , . ICS 13.080.30 KS I ISO 15685： 2005Soil quality Determination of potential nitrification and inhibition of nitrifi
2、cation Rapid test by ammonium oxidation 2004 1 ISO 15685 Soil quality Determination of potential nitrification and inhibition of nitrification Rapid test by ammonium oxidation . 1. . . (quality) , , . 2. . . . KS M ISO 11465 ( ) 3. . 3.1 (inhibitory dose, ID) , . ID25 ID50 25 % 50 % . 3.2 (biosolid)
3、 , , 4. . pH 7.2 . , . . 6 . 10 . . I ISO 15685： 2005 2 , . pH 7.2 . 5. 5.1 5.2 c(KH2PO4) = 0.2 mol/L 5.3 c(K2HPO4) = 0.2 mol/L 5.4 c(NaClO3) = 0.5 mol/L 5.5 (NH4)2SO45.6 c(NaHCO3) = 5 mmol/L 5.7 c(KCl) = 4 mol/L 5.8 A A . KH2PO4(5.2) 28 mL K2HPO4(5.3) 72 mL (5.1) 100 mL 5.9 . A(5.8) 10 mL , NaClO3(
4、5.4) 1030 mL , (NH4)2SO4 (5.5) 0.198 g (5.1) 1 000 mL . 1 mmol/L , 515 mmol/L 1.5 mmol/L pH 7.2 . , . . 1 L . , . , 100 mg/L . (biosolids) , 1 L . NaHCO3(5.6) 10 mL 1 L . 6. 6.1 6.2 I ISO 15685： 2005 3 7. , , , KS M ISO 10381 6 . 200800 ng N/g (dry mass)/h , . 4 , 3 (KS M ISO 10381 6). 2 . 20 . 20 1
5、2 3. . ( ). (KS M ISO 11277) (KS M ISO 11465) (KS M ISO 14238 A ) pH(KS M 9741) (KS M ISO 11260) (KS M ISO 10694) (KS M ISO 11261) 8. 8.1 8.1.1 25 g 3 . KS M ISO 11465 . 8.1.2 (5.9) . . 100 mL , 100 mL . 250 mL (6.1) (252) . . 200 % 100 mL . 8.1.3 2 6 2 mL . 1 . / . KCl(5.7) 2 mL . 3 000 g 2 . , . (
6、ISO 14256 2) . 48 24 . 6 1 . I ISO 15685： 2005 4 . 1 . , / . , . , 2.5 g 10 mL . . 8.2 (5.9) . . 2 . , 5 . , 50100 % . pH . , , 100 mg/L . , . , . 8.3 , . . . , . 200800 ng N/g /h 20 (暗條件 ) 4060 % 0.01 0.03 MPa 2 . 75 g 1： 1 . , , 20 1 . 4 8.1 . 8.4 . 1： 10 g ( )： mL pH 7.5 24 . 1 300 g 1 . . 8.1 ,
7、. , , . I ISO 15685： 2005 5 9. (ng NO2 N/g /h) NO2 N . % . , 90 % . 4 (1) . mA sm 0.9(pcAA + )/2 (1) mA： ms： cA ： pA ： 10. . a) b) (ng NO2N/g /h) , , c) 1 3 1 . d) . ID25 ID50 (3. ). e) , ( A ). f) , ID25 ID50 . I ISO 15685： 2005 6 A() 4 1 ( A.1 ) . ( A.2 ) 1： 1 8.3 ( A.3 ). DIN 38402 426 . A.1 1 2
8、3 4 mL/kg 290.0 511.8 347.7 241.8 268.5 PH 6.6 7.3 7.3 7.5 5.6 % 2.1 4.7 8.5 5.9 1.7 % 0.16 0.38 0.27 0.20 0.16 mg/kg n.d. 336.3 n.d. n.d. n.d. PAH mg/kg n.d. 77.0 60 21 2 268 mg/kg n.d. 50.0 43 660.1 8 798.9 50 As mg/kg n.d. 5.4 3.6 12.1 3 Cd mg/kg n.d. 6.4 29.6 9.3 3 Cr mg/kg n.d. 65.9 2 005.1 320
9、.3 94.9 Cu mg/kg n.d. 104.4 10 921.3 367.8 10.0 Ni mg/kg n.d. 29.2 5 894.2 578.5 6.5 Pb mg/kg n.d. 820.8 1 082.2 547.5 10.3 Zn mg/kg n.d. 764.7 5 065.3 577.6 26.6 n.d. = A.2 1 2 3 4 (g NO2 N/g h) 0.54 0.35 0.08 0.01 0.01 (s) 0.09 0.14 0.12 0.02 0.01 (CV) % 17.2 39.5 153.3 142.6 135.7 23 16 15 16 16
10、22 16 14 15 12 I ISO 15685： 2005 7 A.3 8.3 ：9. (1) 1 2 3 4 6 / / / / 19 23 25 26 28 / 30 35 41 45 / / / / 46 49 51 55 57 58 60 (%) 13.3 100 100 73.3 +： , ： , /： I ISO 15685： 2005 8 1 BELSER L.W. and MAYS E.L. Specific inhibition of nitrite oxidation by chlorate and its use in assessing nitrification
11、 in soil and sediment. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 39, 1980, pp. 505 510 2 HANSSON, G. B., KLEMEDTSSON, L., STENSTRM, I. and TORSTENSSON, L. Testing the influence of chemicals on soil autotrophic ammonium oxidation. Environ. Toxicol. Water Qual., 6, 1991, pp. 351 360 3 STENBERG, B., JOHANSSON, M., PE
12、LL, M., SJDAHL SVENSSON, K., STENSTRM, J. and TORSTENSSON, L. Microbial biomass and activities in soil as affected by frozen and cold storage. Soil Biol. Biochem., 30(3), 1998, pp. 393 402 4 TORSTENSSON, L., STENBERG, B. and STENSTRM, J. Determination of ammonium oxidation, a rapid method to test ch
13、emical influence on nitrification in soil. Proc. Intern. Symp. Environm. Aspects of Pesticide Microbiology, Sigtuna, Sweden,1992, pp. 49 54 5 WINKEL, B., SAEGER, T. and WILKE, B. M. Bewertung kontaminierter Bden mit Hilfe von potentieller Nitrifikation. In： Oehlmann, J. and Markert, B.(eds.). kotoxi
14、kologie-kosystemare Anstze und methoden. ECOMED Verlag, 1999, pp. 67 72 6 DIN 38402 42 German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge； general information(group A)； evaluation of inter-laboratory tests(A 42) 7 KS M ISO 10381 6 ( , ) 8 KS M 9741 pH (ISO 10390, IDT) 9 KS
15、M ISO 10694 ( ) 10 KS M ISO 11260 11 KS M ISO 11261 12 KS M ISO 11277 ( , ) 13 KS M ISO 14238 14 ISO 14256 2 Soil quality Determination of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in field-moist soils by extraction with potassium chloride solution Part 2： Automated method 2006 1 23 135 513 701 7 (02)6009 4567
16、(02)6009 4887null 8 http:/ 607 822 1 11( 10 ) (051)557 1239 Fax. (051)557 0430 702 012 2 1741( 3 ) (053)384 1562 4 Fax. (053)384 1565 790 380 627( ) (054)278 9611 Fax. (054)278 9662 406 130 994( 16 ) (032)260 0260 7 Fax. (032)260 0268 443 766 906 5( 9 ) (031)259 7000 9 Fax. (031)259 7010 200 041 1 9
17、( 304 ) (033)252 9423, 254 9423 Fax. (033)256 9423 361 802 1508 1( 6 ) (043)236 2451 3 Fax. (043)236 2454 305 343 23 14( 5 ) (042)864 2301 3 Fax. (042)864 2304 330 816 43 5( 1204 ) (041)589 0500 3 Fax. (041)589 0504 561 841 1 337 2( 7 ) (063)214 2234 7 Fax. (063)214 2238 506 301 621 15( 4 ) (062)953
18、 1435 7 Fax. (062)953 1438 641 210 298 7 ( 6 ) (055)212 1212 Fax. (055)212 1213 683 804 758 2( 2 ) (052)289 6601 3 Fax. (052)289 6604 425 020 541 3( 4 ) (031)487 6191 4 Fax. (031)487 6195 730 350 92 30( 8 ) (054)473 6954 Fax. (054)473 6955 480 848 2 487 6( 3 ) (031)829 8182 4 Fax. (031)829 8185 KOREAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION KSKSKSSKSKS KSKS SKS KSKS SKSKS KSKSKSKS I ISO 15685： 2005 Soil qualityDetermination of potential nitrification and inhibition of nitrification Rapid test by ammonium oxidation ICS 13.080.30
