1、 MSS SP-54-2013 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Radiographic Examination Method Standard Practice Developed and Approved by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. 127 Park Street, NE Vienna, Vi
2、rginia 22180-4602 Phone: (703) 281-6613 Fax: (703) 281-6671 E-mail: standardsmss-hq.org www.mss-hq.org MSS MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-54 i This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 304 and the MSS Coordinating Committee. The content of this Standard Pr
3、actice is the resulting efforts of competent and experienced volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive standard that will benefit the industry as a whole. This MSS Standard Practice describes minimal requirements and is intended as a basis for common practice by the manufacturer,
4、the user, and the general public. The existence of an MSS Standard Practice does not in itself preclude the manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the Standard Practice. Mandatory conformance to this Standard Practice is established only by reference in other documents such as a cod
5、e, specification, sales contract, or public law, as applicable. MSS has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce or certify compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this Standard Practice shall not be attributable to MSS and is sol
6、ely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. “Unless indicated otherwise within this MSS Standard Practice, other standards documents referenced to herein are identified by the date of issue that was applicable to this Standard Practice at the date of approval of this MSS Stand
7、ard Practice (see Annex A). This Standard Practice shall remain silent on the validity of those other standards of prior or subsequent dates of issue even though applicable provisions may not have changed.” By publication of this Standard Practice, no position is taken with respect to the validity o
8、f any potential claim(s) or of any patent rights in connection therewith. MSS shall not be held responsible for identifying any patent rights. Users are expressly advised that determination of patent rights and the risk of infringement of such rights are entirely their responsibility. In this Standa
9、rd Practice, all text, notes, annexes, tables, figures, and references are construed to be essential to the understanding of the message of the standard, and are considered normative unless indicated as “supplemental”. All appendices, if included, that appear in this document are construed as “suppl
10、emental”. Note that supplemental information does not include mandatory requirements. U.S. customary units in this Standard Practice are the standard; the SI (metric) units are for reference only. This Standard Practice has been substantially revised from the previous 1999 (R 2007) edition. It is su
11、ggested that if the user is interested in knowing what changes have been made, that direct page by page comparison should be made of this document and that of the previous edition. Non-toleranced dimensions in this Standard Practice are nominal unless otherwise specified. Excerpts of this Standard P
12、ractice may be quoted with permission. Credit lines should read Extracted from MSS SP-54-2013 with permission of the publisher, Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry. Reproduction and/or electronic transmission or dissemination is prohibited under copyright convent
13、ion unless written permission is granted by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry Inc. All rights reserved. MSS is a registered trademark of Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. Originally Published: February 1959 Curre
14、nt Edition Approved: October 2012/Updated March 2013 Current Edition Published: March 2013 Copyright , 2013 by Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-54 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 1 SCOPE . 1 2 DEFINITIONS . 1
15、3 BASIS FOR USE . 1 4 RADIOGRAPHIC PROCEDURE . 1 5 ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS 2 6 REMOVAL AND REPAIR OF DISCONTINUITIES 2 ANNEX A Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates 3 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-54 1 QUALITY STANDARD FOR STEEL CASTINGS FOR VALVES, FLANGES, FITTINGS, AND OTHER PIPING COMPONENTS RADIOGR
16、APHIC EXAMINATION METHOD 1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard Practice provides methods and acceptance standards for the film method of radiographic examination of steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other piping components. This Standard Practice is applicable to the initial examination of cast
17、ings and toward the examination of casting repairs. 1.2 The methods contained in this Standard Practice provide uniform procedures that will produce satisfactory and consistent results upon which the acceptance standards of Section 5 may be used. 1.3 This examination guide may be used on a voluntary
18、 basis or when specified in an inquiry, contract, or order, and when mutually agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser. 1.4 It is difficult to rigidly interpret radiographs to a set of acceptance standards. Consequently, there is a need for close cooperation between the manufacturer and the
19、 purchaser in applying radiographic acceptance standards. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 For definitions of terms relating to radiography, refer to ASTM E94, Appendix X1. 3. BASIS FOR USE 3.1 Critical sections of pressure containing valve castings, as identified by ASME B16.34, shall be radiographed. 3.2 Radiog
20、raphs of castings up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) wall thickness shall be interpreted to ASTM E446; heavy-wall thickness from 2 to less than 4 in. (50.8 to 114 mm) shall be interpreted to ASTM E186; and heavy-wall thickness from 4 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm) shall be interpreted to ASTM E280. 4. RADIOGRAPHIC PR
21、OCEDURE 4.1 ASTM E94, “Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing” shall be used as a guide. 4.2 Areas to be radiographed shall be in accordance with Section 3.1. 4.3 The film shall be as close as practical to the casting being radiographed. 4.4 Any commercial available intensifying screen except those
22、 of the fluorescent type may be used. 4.5 All film shall bear identification markings to properly orient the film for interpretation and to denote the actual casting under examination. Film shall be marked to identify the organization producing the radiograph and the date exposed. 4.6 Penetrameters
23、shall be used on each radiograph and shall conform to the requirements of ASTM E94. 4.7 Any commercially available film may be used provided it is equal to or finer grained than ASTM E94, Type 2. 4.8 Radiographs may be made using multiple film techniques, and in either single or multiple viewing, so
24、 as to cover a greater latitude in casting thickness with a single exposure. 4.9 Radiographs shall be within the following photographic (H with a double film 4.0 maximum. 4.10 Surface shall be such that radiographic contrast due to surface condition cannot mask or be confused with that of any indica
25、tion. MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-54 2 4.11 Single wall thicknesses shall be radiographed wherever practical. 4.12 The radiographic sensitivity shall be 2-4T for thickness up to and including 0.75 in. (19 mm) and 2-2T for thickness greater than 0.75 in. (19 mm). 4.13 The manufacturer shall be responsib
26、le for assigning qualified personnel to perform and interpret radiographic examinations in conformance with the requirements of this Standard Practice. 4.14 A qualification record of personnel considered suitable by the manufacturer to perform and interpret examinations in accordance with this Stand
27、ard Practice shall be available upon request. ASNT SNT-TC-1A provides a recommended procedure for qualifying personnel. 5. ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS 5.1 Acceptance criteria for castings that involve the body, bonnet (cover), and end pieces (of multi-piece valve bodies, e.g., ball valves) shall be based o
28、n wall thickness as indicated within this section. 5.1.1 Wall Thickness up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) The following comparative plates of ASTM E446 define acceptable indications: Discontinuity Type Category Acceptable Comparative Plates (ASTM E446) Gas A A2 Sand B B3 Shrink, Type 1 C CA2 2 C CB3 3 C CC3 4 C
29、 CD3 Hot Tears ANSI/ASME B16.34-2013 Valves Flanged, Threaded and Welding End BPVC-VIII, Div. 1-2010 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels; including Addenda Reprint (2011) ASTM E94-04(2010) Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination E
30、186-10 Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 in. (50.8 to 114 mm) Steel Castings E280-10 Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm) Steel Castings E446-10 Standard Reference Radiographic for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness ASNT; A
31、NSI/ASNT SNT-TC-1A-2011 Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing (includes ANSI/ASNT CP-105-2011, Training Outlines for Qualification of Nondestructive Personnel) The following organizations appear in the above list: ANSI American National Standards Institute, Inc. 25 West
32、 43rd Street, Fourth Floor New York, NY 10036-7406 ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME International) Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5990 ASTM ASTM International 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 ASNT The American Society for Nondestructive Tes
33、ting, Inc. 1711 Arlingate Lane Columbus, OH 43228-0518 Listing of MSS Standard Practices (as of March, 2013) TITLE SP-6-2012 Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings SP-9-2013 Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron, and Steel Flanges SP-25-2008 Stan
34、dard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, and Unions SP-42-2009 Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends (Classes 150, 300 & 600) SP-43-2013 Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications SP-44-2
35、010 Steel Pipeline Flanges (incl. 2011 Errata Sheet) SP-45-2003 (R 2008) Bypass and Drain Connections SP-51-2012 Class 150LW Corrosion Resistant Flanges and Cast Flanged Fittings SP-53-2012 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Ma
36、gnetic Particle Examination Method SP-54-2013 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Radiographic Examination Method SP-55-2011 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Visual M
37、ethod for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities (ANSI-approved American National Standard) SP-58-2009 Pipe Hangers and Supports Materials, Design, Manufacture, Selection, Application, and Installation (incorporates content of SP-69, 77, 89, and 90) (ANSI-approved American National Standard) SP-60-201
38、2 Connecting Flange Joints between Tapping Sleeves and Tapping Valves SP-61-2009 Pressure Testing of Valves SP-65-2012 High Pressure Chemical Industry Flanges and Threaded Stubs for Use with Lens Gaskets SP-67-2011 Butterfly Valves SP-68-2011 High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design SP-69-2
39、003 Pipe Hangers and Supports Selection and Application (ANSI-approved American National Standard) SP-70-2011 Gray Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends SP-71-2011 Gray Iron Swing Check Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends (incl. 2013 Errata Sheet) SP-72-2010a Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Wel
40、ding Ends for General Service SP-75-2008 Specification for High-Test, Wrought, Butt-Welding Fittings SP-78-2011 Gray Iron Plug Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends SP-79-2011 Socket Welding Reducer Inserts SP-80-2013 Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves SP-81-2006a Stainless Steel, Bonnetless, F
41、langed Knife Gate Valves SP-83-2006 Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions Socket Welding and Threaded SP-85-2011 Gray Iron Globe & Angle Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends SP-86-2009 Guidelines for Metric Data in Standards for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Actuators (Incl. 2011 Errata Sheet) SP-87-1991 (R 19
42、96 Reinstated 2011) Factory-Made Butt-Welding Fittings for Class I Nuclear Piping Applications SP-88-2010 Diaphragm Valves SP-91-2009 Guidelines for Manual Operation of Valves SP-92-2012 MSS Valve User Guide SP-93-2008 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, a
43、nd Other Piping Components Liquid Penetrant Examination Method SP-94-2008 Quality Standard for Ferritic and Martensitic Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components Ultrasonic Examination Method SP-95-2006 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs SP-96-2011 Guidelines on Terminol
44、ogy for Valves and Fittings SP-97-2012 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends SP-98-2012 Protective Coatings for the Interior of Valves, Hydrants, and Fittings SP-99-2010 Instrument Valves SP-100-2009 Qualification Requirements for Elastome
45、r Diaphragms for Nuclear Service Diaphragm Valves SP-101-1989 (R 2001) Part-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics SP-102-1989 (R 2001) Multi-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Charact
46、eristics SP-104-2012 Wrought Copper Solder-Joint Pressure Fittings SP-105-2010 Instrument Valves for Code Applications SP-106-2012 Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Class 125, 150, and 300 SP-108-2012 Resilient-Seated Cast Iron Eccentric Plug Valves SP-109-2012 Weld-Fabricated Copper S
47、older-Joint Pressure Fittings (incl. 2012 Errata Sheet) SP-110-2010 Ball Valves Threaded, Socket-Welding, Solder Joint, Grooved and Flared Ends (incl. 2010 Errata Sheet) SP-111-2012 Gray-Iron and Ductile-Iron Tapping Sleeves SP-112-2010 Quality Standard for Evaluation of Cast Surface Finishes Visual
48、 and Tactile Method. This SP must be used with a 10-surface, three dimensional Cast Surface Comparator, which is a necessary part of the standard. Additional Comparators available separately. SP-113-2012 Connecting Joints between Tapping Machines and Tapping Valves SP-114-2007 Corrosion Resistant Pi
49、pe Fittings Threaded and Socket Welding Class 150 and 1000 (ANSI-approved American National Standard) SP-115-2010 Excess Flow Valves, 1 NPS and Smaller, for Fuel Gas Service SP-116-2011 Service-Line Valves and Fittings for Drinking Water Systems SP-117-2011 Bellows Seals for Globe and Gate Valves SP-119-2010 Factory-Made Wrought Belled End Pipe Fittings for Socket-Welding SP-120-2011 Flexible Graphite Packing System for Rising Stem Valves Design Requirements SP-121-2006 Qualification Testing Methods for Stem Packing for Rising Stem Steel Valves SP-
