1、 Standard Practice Corrosion Control of Offshore Structures by Protective Coatings This NACE International standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document, its scope, and provisions. Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she
2、 has adopted the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not in conformance with this standard. Nothing contained in this NACE International standard is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, to manufacture,
3、 sell, or use in connection with any method, apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent. This standard represents minimum requirements and should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of
4、 better procedures or materials. Neither is this standard intended to apply in all cases relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this standard in specific instances. NACE International assumes no responsibility for the interpretation or use of this standard
5、by other parties and accepts responsibility for only those official NACE International interpretations issued by NACE International in accordance with its governing procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers. Users of this NACE International stand
6、ard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health, safety, environmental, and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this standard prior to its use. This NACE International standard may not necessarily address all potential health and safety problems or enviro
7、nmental hazards associated with the use of materials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this standard. Users of this NACE International standard are also responsible for establishing appropriate health, safety, and environmental protection practices, in consultation with ap
8、propriate regulatory authorities if necessary, to achieve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to the use of this standard. CAUTIONARY NOTICE: NACE International standards are subject to periodic review, and may be revised or withdrawn at any time in accordance with
9、NACE technical committee procedures. NACE International requires that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of initial publication. The user is cautioned to obtain the latest edition. Purchasers of NACE International standards may recei
10、ve current information on all standards and other NACE International publications by contacting the NACE International FirstService Department, 1440 South Creek Drive, Houston, Texas 77084-4906 (telephone +1 281- 228-6200). NACE Standard TM0108-2008 Item No. 21252 NACE SP0108-Item no. 21126 Approved
11、 2008-3-15 NACE International 1440 South Creek Drive Houston, Texas 77084-4906 +1 281-228-6200 ISBN: 1-57590-218-4 2008, NACE International SP0108-2008 NACE International i _ Foreword Offshore structures represent large capital investments and are being placed worldwide. Moreover, more and more offs
12、hore structures are being placed in deeper waters and, therefore, have become larger, more complex, and more expensive. Control of corrosion on offshore structures is necessary to sustain oil and gas production, provide safe working and living areas, and avoid potential harm to the environment. For
13、this standard, offshore structures includes metallic offshore structures such as fixed-leg platforms, tension-leg platforms (TLPs), semisubmersibles, spar platforms, and floating production storage and offloading vessels (FPSOs). This NACE International standard is intended for use by facility owner
14、s corrosion control personnel, coating applicators, and coating manufacturers. It covers coating materials, coating test protocol and acceptance criteria, surface preparation, coating application, quality assurance and control, and repair methods. It also covers generic protective coating systems, f
15、lange corrosion control, fastener coatings, pipe support corrosion control, and stainless steel (SS) tubing corrosion control. The purpose is to facilitate more effective corrosion protection of offshore structures by presenting reliable information and providing guidelines for coating manufacturers
16、 to develop more durable products. This standard replaces a portion of NACE Standard RP0176.1RP0176 was originally issued in 1976 and revised in 1983 by Task Group (TG) T-1-2 on North Sea Corrosion Problems. It was revised in 1994 by TG T-1-5, and in 2003 by TG 170 on Offshore Steel PlatformsCorrosi
17、on Control: Review of NACE Standard RP0176, which is administered by Specific Technology Group (STG) 30 on Oil and Gas Production: Cathodic Protection. All editions of RP0176 prior to 2007 addressed two aspects of corrosion control of steel fixed offshore structures associated with petroleum product
18、ion: cathodic protection (CP) and protective coatings. In 2007 it was decided to address these two aspects in separate NACE standards. Therefore, SP01762was issued in 2007 by TG 170 and STG 30 to address the CP aspects. TG 313Offshore Platforms: Coatings for Corrosion Control of Steel was formed to
19、address the protective coatings aspects from RP0176 and provide expanded information. TG 313 is administered by STG 02Coatings and Linings, Protective: Atmospheric. This standard is issued by NACE under the auspices of STG 02. In NACE standards, the terms shall, must, should, and may are used in acc
20、ordance with the definitions of these terms in the NACE Publications Style Manual. The terms shall and must are used to state a requirement, and are considered mandatory. The term should is used to state something good and is recommended, but is not considered mandatory. The term may is used to stat
21、e something considered optional. _ SP0108-2008 ii NACE International _ NACE International Standard Practice Corrosion Control of Offshore Structures by Protective Coatings Contents 1. General . 1 2. Definitions . 1 3. Protective Coating Systems 2 4. Typical Generic Protective Coating Systems 5 5. Qu
22、alification Testing of Coating Systems . 13 6. Surface Preparation 19 7. Coating Materials and Application . 22 8. Quality Assurance and Control 23 9. Coating Repair 25 10. Flange Corrosion Control 26 11. Fastener Coatings . 26 12. Pipe Support Corrosion Control 27 13. Corrosion Control of Small-Bor
23、e Stainless Steel Tubing 27 14. Health, Safety, and Environment . 28 References 28 TABLES Table 1. Maximum Metal Content in the Dry Coating Film 4 Table 2. Routine Batch Testing Report 5 Table 3A. Typical Atmospheric Zone New Construction Coating Systems on Carbon Steels 6 Table 3B. Typical Atmosphe
24、ric Zone Maintenance Coating Systems on Carbon Steels 8 Table 4: Typical Atmospheric Zone Coating Systems on Stainless Steels (New Construction and Maintenance) 9 Table 5: Typical Atmospheric Zone Coating Systems for Nonferrous Metals (New Construction and Maintenance) 10 Table 6A: Typical Splash Zo
25、ne New Construction Coating Systems on Carbon Steels . 11 Table 6B: Typical Splash Zone Maintenance Coating Systems on Carbon Steels 12 Table 7A: Typical Exterior Submerged Zone New Construction Coating Systems on Carbon Steels 12 Table 7B: Typical Exterior Submerged Zone Maintenance Coating Systems
26、 on Carbon Steels 12 Table 8A: Typical Ballast Water Tank New Construction Coating Systems on Carbon Steels 13 Table 8B: Typical Ballast Water Tank Maintenance Coating Systems on Carbon Steels 13 Table 9: Fingerprinting of Coating Materials . 14 Table 10: Test Protocol for Atmospheric Zone and Splas
27、h Zone Coating Systems . 15 Table 11: Test Protocol for Ballast Water, Void, and Seawater Holding Tank and Exterior Submerged Zone Coating Systems 16 Table 12: Acceptance Criteria for Offshore Structure Coating Testing 17 Table 13: Surface Finish Grades 19 Table 14: Abrasive Specifications . 20 Tabl
28、e 15: Maximum Total Soluble Chloride Ion Content 24 _ SP0108-2008 NACE International 1 _ Section 1: General 1.1 This standard provides guidelines for establishing minimum requirements for the corrosion protective coatings on steel offshore structures associated with oil and gas production, and on th
29、e associated handling equipment. It covers coating materials, coating prequalification test methods and the associated acceptance criteria, surface preparation, coating application, quality assurance and control, and repair methods. It also covers generic protective coating systems, flange corrosion
30、 control, fastener coatings, pipe support corrosion control, and SS tubing corrosion control. Offshore structures include metallic offshore and coastal structures such as fixed-leg platforms, TLPs, semisubmersibles, spar platforms, and FPSOs. 1.2 For this standard, corrosion on offshore structures i
31、s divided into four zones: atmospheric zone, splash zone, exterior submerged zone, and ballast water tank (internally immersed). The exterior submerged zone also includes subsea facilities, such as valves and manifolds. Each zone may use different protective coating systems. 1.3 This standard does n
32、ot include corrosion protective coatings for subsea pipelines, pipeline risers, internal portions of production tubing, drill pipes, and chemical tanks that may be in use on the offshore structure, but does include external protection of the chemical tanks on the offshore structure in the atmospheri
33、c zone. 1.4. Passive fire protection (PFP) coatings and nickel-copper alloy (e.g., UNS(1)N04400 Alloy 400) splash zone sheathings also are excluded from this standard. _ Section 2: Definitions Amine Blush: Greasy film on the surface of a coating caused by its amine or polyamide curing agent reacting
34、 with carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). (It can greatly interfere with intercoat adhesion.) Atmospheric Zone: The portion of a marine structure that extends upward from the splash zone and is exposed to sun, wind, water spray, and rain. Cathodic Disbondment: The destruction of adhesion between a
35、 coating and the coated surface caused by products of a cathodic reaction. Coat: One layer of a coating applied to a surface in a single, continuous application to form a uniform film when dry. Coating System: The complete number and types of coats applied to a substrate in a predetermined order. (C
36、oating) Test Protocol: A written checklist of coating properties that are evaluated by standard test methods to qualify the coating for the intended service conditions. (It is often refined as more is learned about the behavior of the coating system.) Crater: A small, rounded depression in a coating
37、 generally resulting from foreign matter in or deposited on a wet coating film. Crevice Corrosion: Localized corrosion of a metal surface at, or immediately adjacent to, an area that is shielded from full exposure to the environment because of close proximity of the metal to the surface of another m
38、aterial. Dry Film Thickness (DFT): The thickness of a dried film, coating, or membrane. Edge Retention: The ratio of DFT of the entire multicoat coating system at peak to average DFT on both flat surfaces of a sharp angle bar; used as a measure of a coatings ability to retain its film coverage over
39、sharp corners. Epoxy: Type of resin formed by the reaction of aliphatic or aromatic polyols (like bisphenol) with epichlorohydrin and characterized by the presence of reactive oxirane end groups. Fingerprinting: Method of identifying a coating material through laboratory analyses of coating density,
40、 solids content, pigment content, etc. (Infrared IR spectroscopy is often used in the analyses.) Fish Eye: A small dimple or crater resembling a fish eye that forms in a wet applied coating. Hot-Dip Galvanized Coating: A coating of virtually pure zinc applied to steel by immersing it in a bath of mo
41、lten zinc. _ (1)Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys (UNS). UNS numbers are listed in Metals see also BSI(8)BS 5970.19 The foil used in this application should be 98%aluminum (see ASTM B 47920), without an adhesive backing, and 0.04 to 0.15 mm (1.5 to 6 mil) thick. 4.3.4 Typical Atmospheri
42、c Zone Coating Systems on Nonferrous Metals Typical atmospheric zone coating systems on nonferrous metals are listed in Table 5. _ (7)BSI British Standards (BSI) (formerly British Standards Institution), 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, United Kingdom. SP0108-2008 10 NACE International Table 5
43、: Typical Atmospheric Zone Coating Systems for Nonferrous Metals (New Construction and Maintenance) Service Category Coat Coating System DFT m (mil) Target DFT m (mil) ON-1/OM-1 Aluminum helidecksantiskid 1 2 3 Epoxy primer Antiskid epoxy Polyurethane (0C32F) or Antiskid tile system (70C (158F) ther
44、efore, a coating system that is compatible with a damp surface should be used. Because of these difficulties, some relatively thick repair materials, which are not liquid coating systems, have been commercialized. The end users shall examine these options and assess their integrity prior to use. SP0
45、108-2008 12 NACE International Table 6B: Typical Splash Zone Maintenance Coating Systems on Carbon Steels Service Category Coat Coating System DFT m (mil) Target DFT m (mil) CM-7 Splash zone 30 minutes before application of next sealer coat. Sealers should not add DFT to the existing TSA coatings. S
46、P0108-2008 NACE International 13 system with a total film thickness of 375 to 500 m (15 to 20 mil), three thin coats is a better choice than two thicker coats because of better film integrity and fewer holidays. Two stripe coats shall be used to achieve good film coverage at the weld seams and sharp
47、 corners. 4.6.2 Plural-Component Spray A plural-component spray gun may also be used to spray a thick layer (wet on wet) coating directly onto the substrate with one stripe coat. However, the one-coatplural-component sprayed coating shall be qualified in accordance with this standard before it can b
48、e considered. 4.6.3 Void Tank and Seawater Holding Tank Deepwater offshore structures also may have void tanks that may convert into ballast water tanks during their service. Therefore, it is better to coat them with the same coating systems as the ballast water tanks. The coating systems for seawater holding tanks shall also be treated the same as the ballast water tanks. Table 8A: Typical
