1、2008 年北京航空航天大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、名词解释1 English Enlightenment2 D.H. Lawrence3 Theatre of the Absurd4 Doris Lessing5 American Romanticism6 Southern Renaissance7 The Stream of Consciousness8 Postmodernism9 Narrator10 Allegory二、分析题11 Analyze “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock“12 What contribution d
2、id Christopher Marlowe make to English literature?13 Why is “Tom Jones“ a successful novel?13 Miss Quested and Aziz and a guide continued the slightly tedious expedition. They did not talk much, for the sun was getting high. The air they felt like a warm bath into which hotter water is trickling con
3、stantly, the temperature rose and rose, the boulders said, “ I am alive,“ the small stones answered, “I am almost alive. “ Between the chinks lay the ashes of little plants. They meant to climb to the rocking-stone on the summit, but it was too far, and they contented themselves with the big group o
4、f caves. . .And having no one else to speak to on that eternal rock, she gave rein to the subject, of marriage and said in her honest, decent, inquisitive way; Have you one wife or more than one?The question shocked the young man very much. It challenged a new conviction of his community , and new c
5、onvictions are more sensitive than old. If she had said, Do you worship one god or several? he would not have objected. But to ask an educated India Moslem how many wives he has-appalling, hideous! He was in trouble how to conceal his confusion. One, one in my own particular case, he spluttered, and
6、 let go of her hand. Quite a number of caves were at the top of the track, and thinking, Damn the English even at their best, he plunged into one of them to recover his balance. She followed at her leisure, quite unconscious that she had said the wrong thing, and not seeing him, she also went into a
7、 cave, thinking with half her mind sight-seeing bores me , and wondering with the other half about marriage.14 Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.15 Who is the real loser in the novel? Why?16 Why there is a humming in her mind whenever she thought of the possible rap
8、e?17 Explain the symbolic meaning of the title and the structure of story.17 That s my Duchess painted on the wall, looking as if she were alive. I callThat piece a wonder, now; Fra Pandolf s hands Worked busily a day, and there she stands. Will t please you sit and look at her?E en then would be so
9、me stooping; and I chooseNever to stoop. Oh sir, she smiled, no doubt,When er I passed her; but who passed withoutMuch the same smile? This grew; I gave commands;Then all smiles stopped together. There she standsAs if alive. Willt please you rise? Well meetThe Company below, then. I repeat.The count
10、 your master s known munificenceIs ample warrant that no just pretenseOf mine for dowry will be disallowed;Though his fair daughter s self, as I avowedAt starting, is my object. Nay, well goTogether down, sir. Notice Neptune, though,Taming a sea horse, though a rarity,Which Claus of Innsbruck cast i
11、n bronze for me!18 Identify the author of and the work from which the passage is selected.19 Identify and define the literary device employed in the poem.20 What does the sentence “I gave commands; Then all smiles stopped together“ mean? How does it reveal the protagonist s personality?21 Why at the
12、 end of the poem “statue of Neptune“ is mentioned?21 And who is the best poet, Heron? asked Boland. Lord Tennyson, of course, answered Heron.O, yes, Lord Tennyson, said Nash. We have all his poetry at home in a book. At this Stephen forgot the silent vows he had been making and burst out;Tennyson a
13、poet! Why, he s only a rhymester!O, get out! said Heron. Everyone knows that Tennyson is the greatest poet.And who do you think is the greatest poet? asked Boland, nudging his neighbor.Byron, of course, answered Stephen.Heron gave the lead and all three joined in a scornful laugh.What are you laughi
14、ng at? asked Stephen.You, said Heron. Byron the greatest poet! He s only a poet for uneducated people.He must be a fine poet! said Boland.You may keep your mouth shut, said Stephen, turning on him boldly. All you know about poetry is what you wrote up on the slates in the yard and were going to be s
15、ent to the loft for.Boland, in fact, was said to have written on the slates in the yard a couplet about a classmate of his who often rode home from the college on a pony:As Tyson was riding into JerusalemHe fell and hurt his Alec Kafoozelum.This thrust put the two lieutenants to silence but Heron we
16、nt on:In any case Byron was a heretic and immoral too.I don t care what he was, cried Stephen hotly.You dont care whether he was a heretic or not? said Nash.What do you know about it? shouted Stephen. You never read a line of anything in your life except a trans, or Boland either. I know that Byron
17、was a bad man, said Boland.Here, catch hold of this heretic, Heron called out. In a moment Stephen was a prisoner. Tate made you buck up the other day(5), Heron went on, about the heresy in your essay. Ill tell him tomorrow, said Boland.Will you? said Stephen. You d be afraid to open your lips. Afra
18、id?Ay. Afraid of your life.Behave yourself! cried Heron, cutting at Stephen s legs with his cane.It was the signal for their onset. Nash pinioned his arms behind while Boland seized a long cabbage stump which was lying in the gutter. Struggling and kicking under the cuts of the cane and the blows of
19、 the knotty stump Stephen was borne back against a barbed wire fence. Admit that Byron was no good. No. Admit. No. Admit. No. No.22 Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.23 What is the symbolic meaning of the protagonist s name?24 Describe his growing process, which is
20、also called Bildungsroman-novels of education/growth.25 How is his personality is revealed from the above mentioned selections? 25 In Xanadu did Kubla khanA stately pleasure dome decree;Where Alph, the sacred river, ranThrough caverns measureless to manDown to a sunless sea.So twice five miles of fe
21、rtile groundWith walls and towers were girdled round;And there were gardens bright with sinuous rillsWhere blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;And here were forests ancient as the hills, Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.I would build that dome in air, That sunny dome! Those caves of ice! And all
22、 who heard should see them there, And all should cry, Beware! Beware! His flashing eyes, his floating hair! Weave a circle round him thrice, And close your eyes with holy dread, For he on honeydew hath fed, And drunk the milk of Paradise.26 a. Identify the author of the passage.27 b. What is his the
23、ory of poems?28 c. What kind of philosophy is behind the italic words?28 I Heard a Fly Buzzwhen I died The Stillness in the RoomWas like the Stillness in the Air Between the Heaves of StormThe Eyes aroundhad wrung them dry And Breaths were gathering firm For that last Onsetwhen the King Be witnessed
24、in the RoomI willed my KeepsakesSigned away What portion of me be Assignableand then it was There interposed a FlyWith Blueuncertain stumbling Buzz Between the lightand me And then the Windows failedand then I could not see to see29 a. Identify the author of the passage.30 b. What are the effect and
25、 the meaning of “I heard a Fly buzzwhen I died“?31 c. What is the meaning of the last two lines?31 To speak truly, few adult persons can see nature. Most persons do not see the sun. At least they have a very superficial seeing. The sun illuminates only the eye of the man, but shines into the eye and
26、 the heart of the child. The lover of nature is he whose inward and outward senses are still truly adjusted to each other; who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood. His intercourse with heaven and earth becomes part of his daily food. In the presence of nature, a wild deli
27、ght runs through the man, in spite of real sorrows. Nature says, he is my creature, and maugre all his impertinent grieves, he shall be glad with me. Not the sun or the summer alone, but every hour and season yields its tribute of delight; for every hour and change corresponds to and authorizes a di
28、fferent state of the mind, from breathless noon to grimmest midnight. Nature is a setting that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece. In good health, the air is a cordial of incredible virtue. Crossing a bare common, in snow puddles, at twilight, under a clouded sky, without having in my tho
29、ughts any occurrence of special good fortune, I have enjoyed a perfect exhilaration. Almost I fear to think how glad I am. In the woods too, a man casts off his years, as the snake his slough, and at what period soever of life, is always a child. In the woods is perpetual youth. Within these plantat
30、ions of God, a decorum and sanctity reign, a perennial festival is dressed, and the guest sees not how he should tire of them in a thousand years. In the woods, we return to reason and faith. There I feel that nothing can befall me in life, no disgrace, no calamity,(leaving me my eyes,)which nature
31、cannot repair. Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God. The name of the
32、 nearest friend sounds then foreign and accidental. To be brothers, to be acquaintances,master or servant, is then a trifle and disturbance. I am the lover of uncontained and immortal beauty. In the wilderness, I find something more dear and connate than in streets or villages. In the tranquil lands
33、cape, and especially in the distant line of the horizon, man beholds somewhat as beautiful as his own nature.32 a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.33 b. Explain the sentence “The sun illuminates only the eye of the man, but shines into the eye and the heart of the
34、 child. “34 c. What kind of philosophical school does the author belong to? And define the term.34 In the later summer of that year we lived in a house in a village that looked across the river and the plain to the mountains. In the bed of the river there were pebbles and boulders, dry and white in
35、the sun, and the water was clear and swiftly moving and blue in the channels. Troops went by the house and down the road and the dust they raised powdered the leaves of the trees. The trunks of the trees too were dusty and the leaves fell early that year and we saw the troops marching along the road
36、 and the dust rising and leaves, stirred by the breeze, falling and the soldiers marching and afterward the road bare and white except for the leaves.Poor, poor dear Cat. And this was the price you paid for sleeping together. This was the end of the trap. This was what people got for loving each oth
37、er. Thank God for gas, anyway. What must it have been like before there were anesthetics? Once it started, they were in the mill-race. Catherine had a good time in the time of pregnancy. It wasn t bad. She was hardly ever sick. She was not awfully uncomfortable until toward the last. So now they got
38、 her in the end. You never got away with anything, Get away hell! It would have been the same if we had been married fifty times. And what if she should die? She won t die. People don t die in childbirth nowadays. That was what all husbands thought. Yes, but what if she should die? She wont die. She
39、 s just having a bad time. Afterward we d say what a bad time and Catherine would say it wasn t really so bad. But what if she should die.35 a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.36 b. What is the symbolic meaning of the title?37 c. How do you understand the features
40、 of heroes in the author s works?38 d. Comment on author s writing style and philosophy underlying all his works? 38 The Other Side of the IslandI mentioned before that I had a great mind to see the whole island, and that I had traveled up the brook, and so on to where I built my bower, and where I
41、had an opening quite to the sea on the other side of the island. I now resolved to travel quite cross to the seashore on that side. . .I saw abundance of parrots, and fain I would have caught one, if possible, to have kept it to be tamed, and taught it to speak to me. I did, after some painstaking,
42、catch a young parrot, for I knocked it down with a stick; and having recovered it, I brought it home, but it was some years before I could make him speak. However, at last I taught him to call me by name very familiarly.39 a. Identify the author and the work from which the passage is selected.40 b.
43、Why did the hero try to teach a parrot to call his name? Explain it from the historical background of the novel.41 c. How do you understand his life on the island, such as hunting, capture of Friday?2008 年北京航空航天大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、名词解释1 【正确答案】 English Enlightenment; With the advent of the 18th ce
44、ntury in England, there sprang into life a progressive intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment or the Age of Reason. The en-lighteners hold the common faith in human rationality, eternal justice and natural equality. The great enlighteners in Britain were those great writers like Alexander
45、Pope, Joseph Addison, Jonathan Swift and Samuel Johnson.2 【正确答案】 D.H. Lawrence; David Herbert Lawrence(1885 - 1930)is one of the greatest English novelists of the 20th century who had written more than ten novels and several volumes of short stories. He is also a proficient poet, a combative essayis
46、t, an atmospheric travel-writer, and a prolific literary correspondent. Furthermore, he extends his talents to book-reviewing, translation, philosophical discourse and painting. His famous novels include Sons and Lovers, Women in Love, The Rainbow and Lady Chatterley s Lover. There are usually psych
47、ic exploration of human life, keen criticism of society and frank discussion of sex in his works.3 【正确答案】 Theatre of the Absurd: The critic Martin Esslin coined the phrase “Theatre of the Absurd“ in 1961 to refer to a number of dramatists of the 1950s whose works evoke the absurd by abandoning logic
48、al form, character, and dialogue together with realistic illusion. The classic work of absurdist theatre is Beckett s En attendant Godot(Waiting for Godot, 1952), which revives some of the conventions of clowning and farce to represent the impossibility of purposeful action and the paralysis of huma
49、n aspiration. Other dramatists associated with the theatre of the absurd include Edward Albee, Eugene Ionesco and Harold Pinter.4 【正确答案】 Doris Lessing: Doris Lessing(1919 )is a famous British woman writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 200Her great works include The Golden Notebook and The Grass is Singing. The general themes of her novels are the divide between whites and blacks, the battles of the two sexes and the individuals in search of wholeness.5 【正确答案】 American R
