1、2009 年南京大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、填空题1 Author_ Title_Ten Thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.2 Author_ Title_It was now midnight, and my task was drawing to a close. I had completed the eighth, the ninth and the tenth tier. I had finished a portion of the last and the el
2、eventh; there remained but a single stone to be fitted and plastered in.3 Author_ Title_Roger edged past the Chief, only just avoiding pushing him with his shoulder. The yelling ceased, and Samneric lay looking up in quiet terror. Roger advanced upon them as one wielding a nameless authority.4 Autho
3、r_ Title_I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence;Tow roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.5 Author_ Title_The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good clien
4、t they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.6 Author_ Title_Uncle Oscar took both Bassett and Paul into Richmond Park for an afternoon, and there they talked.7 Author_ Title_He decided to rest her in a clump of trees during the afternoon, and push
5、 onward under cover of darkness. At dusk Clare purchased food as usual, and their night march began, the boundary between Upper and Mid-Wessex being crossed about eight o clock.8 Author_ Title_What thoughts I have of you tonight, Walt Whitman, for I walked down the sidestreets under the trees with a
6、 headache self-conscious looking at the full moon.9 Author_ Title_I would not have gone back to Joe now, I would not have gone back to Biddy now, for any consideration: simply, I suppose, because my sense of my own worthless conduct to them was greater than every consideration.10 Author_ Title_And t
7、hough your graciousness might stream,And I contrive,Grandmother, stones are nothing of homeTo that spumiest dove.Against both bar and tower the black sea runs.二、问答题11 What does “Araby“ mean? Discuss its significance as the tide of the story.12 What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger in William Bla
8、ke s “The Tyger“ ? 13 Emerson states; “Let a man then know his worth, and keep things under his feet. “ This indicates the author s belief in real virtue. Please make comments on this line.14 Why did F. Scott Fitzgerald use “great“ to modify the protagonist s name Gatsby in the title of his novel Th
9、e Great Gatsby?14 Moon Landing It s natural the Boys should whoop it up for so huge a phallic triumph, an adventure it would not have occurred to women to think worth while, made possible onlybecause we like huddling in gangs and knowing the exact time: yes, our sex may in fairness hurrah the deed,
10、although the motives that primed it were somewhat less than menschlich.A grand gesture. But what does it period? What does it osse? We were always adroiter with objects than lives, and more facile at courage than kindness; from the moment the first flint was flaked this landing was merely a matter o
11、f time. But our selves, like Adam s, still don t fit us exactly, modernonly in thisOur lack of decorum.Homer s heroes were certainly no braver than our Trio, but more fortunate: Hector was excused the insult of having his valor covered by television.Worth going to see? I can well believe it. Worth s
12、eeing? Mneh! I once rode through a desert and was not charmed: give me a watered lively garden, remote from blatherersabout the New, the von Brauns and their ilk, where on August mornings I can count the morning glories where to die has a meaning, and no engine can shift my perspective.Unsmudged, th
13、ank God, my Moon still queens the Heavensas She ebbs and fulls, a Presence to glop at,Her Old Man, made of grit not protein,still visits my Austrian severalwith His old detachment, and the old warningsstill have power to scare me: Hybris comes toan ugly finish, Irreverenceis a greater oaf than Super
14、stition.Our apparatniks will continue makingthe usual squalid mess called History:all we can pray for is that artists,chefs and saints may still appear to blithe it.(1969)15 What does the speaker mean in lines 1 -4? Do you agree with these sentiments?(4%)16 Besides being a satellite or a celestial b
15、ody, what else does the moon suggest?(2%)17 What does the speaker think of science and technology? Does his opinion conform to or conflict with your ideas about the American space program?(4%)18 In the poem, the poet questions the wisdom of the 1969 moon landing. Write a short essay in which you dis
16、cuss whether the United States should or should not continue space exploration.(10%)三、评论题19 Essay Question.(50 %)Bildunsroman refers to “novel of formation“ or “novel of education“. The subject of Bildunsroman, according to M. H. Abrams, is “the development of the protagonist s mind and character, i
17、n the passage from childhood through varied experiencesand often through a spiritual crisisinto maturity, which usually involves recognition of one s identity and role in the world“. Choose a typical Bildunsroman you have read, and write a critical essay.2009 年南京大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、填空题1 【正确答案】 Au
18、thor: William Wordsworth Title: I wondered lonely as a Cloud【试题解析】 (题目选自 Wordsworth 的名诗 I wondered lonely as a Cloud。威廉 华兹华斯被封为“桂冠诗人”并享有“自然诗人”的美誉。1798 年他同柯勒律治合作出版了有名的抒情歌谣集(Lyrical Ballads)，该诗集第二版的“序”被认为是英国浪漫主义的宣言。)2 【正确答案】 Author; Edgar Allan Poe Title; The Cask of Amontillado【试题解析】 (题目节选自爱伦坡的 The C
19、ask of Amontillado(阿芒提拉多的酒桶)。 阿芒提拉多的酒桶是美国作家爱伦坡的一部短篇小说佳作。)3 【正确答案】 Author: William Golding Title; Lord of the Flies【试题解析】 (题目节选自 William Golding 的 Lord of the Flies(蝇王)。蝇王是威廉戈尔丁的代表作，是一本重要的哲理小说，借“小孩的天真”来探讨“人性的恶”这一严肃主题。)4 【正确答案】 Author; Robert Frost Title; The Road Not Taken【试题解析】 (题目节选自罗伯特弗罗斯特的 The Ro
20、ad Not Taken(未选择的路)中的最后一节。未选择的路是美国著名诗人罗伯特 弗罗斯特的著名诗篇。罗伯特 弗罗斯特堪称美国 20 世纪 90 年代最受欢迎的诗人之一，是美国非官方的桂冠诗人。)5 【正确答案】 Author; Ernest Hemingway Title; A Clean, Well-lighted Place【试题解析】 (题目节选自海明威的 A Clean，Well 一 lighted Place(一个干净明亮的地方)。这是海明威的一个短篇小说。)6 【正确答案】 Author; D. H. Lawrence Title; The Rocking-horse Winn
21、e【试题解析】 (木马赢家是劳伦斯较为著名的短篇小说之一，探讨了劳伦斯所关注的人与人之间的关系，从一个侧面反映了西方工业社会中金钱对健康和谐的人际关系的扭曲。)7 【正确答案】 Author; Thomas Hardy Title; Tess of the D Urbervilles【试题解析】 (题目节选自哈代的“Tess of the DUrbervilles”(德伯家的苔丝)。哈代(1840 1928)英国诗人、小说家。他是横跨两个世纪的作家，早期和中期的创作以小说为主，继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统；晚年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国 20 世纪的文学。)8 【正确答案】 Author;
22、 Allen Ginsberg Title; A Supermarket in California【试题解析】 (题目选自金斯堡的 A Supermarket in California。)9 【正确答案】 Author; Charles Dickens Title; Great Expectations【试题解析】 (题目节选自狄更斯的 Great Expectations(远大前程)。)10 【正确答案】 Author; Sylvia Plath Title; Point Shirley【试题解析】 (题目节选自普拉斯的 Point Shirley。西尔维娅普拉斯一位美国自白派诗人的代表
23、。生前，普拉斯只出版过两本著作，一是诗集巨人及其他诗歌(The Colossus and Other Poems)，另外出版了自传体长篇小说 钟形罩。)二、问答题11 【正确答案】 a. Araby is a romantic term for the Middle East, but there is no such country. The word was popular throughout the nineteenth centuryused to express the romantic view of the east that had“ been popular since N
24、apoleon s triumph over Egypt. And, the story is about Romantic irony, for the unnamed boy has a romantic view of the world. The fictional term predicts that the boy s fantasies are bound to fall apart, for those fantasies do not exist in reality. b. Imaginative, sensitive, and romantic by nature, th
25、e boy feels dissatisfied with his gloomy environment and wishes to spirit himself away to a place where the life of his mind could enjoy a more congenial kind of atmosphere. Very soon, he spots the object for his imagination to weave a romantic web aboutMangan s older sister. He plans to buy a prese
26、nt for her from the market placeAraby. Araby as the title creates ironical effects through the contrast between what the boy imagines and what really happens. Ironical it is, he sees the least romantic place where he feels disgusted and realizes that Mangan s sister may not have taken any notice of
27、him at all. He ends up with strong self-censure, a heightened awareness of himself and a step closer to manhood.12 【正确答案】 a. The tiger initially appears as a strikingly sensuous image. However, as the poem progresses, it takes on a symbolic character, and comes to embody the spiritual and moral prob
28、lem the poem explores: perfectly beautiful and yet perfectly destructive. Blake s tiger becomes the symbolic center for an investigation into the presence of evil in the world. b. Although tiger induces the pain, unrest and even separation of the society, it can release the creativity of human being
29、s. The tiger can be seen as the embodiment of power and vigor, which resembles the flame burning at the bottom of human s heart. The tiger not only creates but also destroys. It owns a “fearful symmetry“ , connoting a startling power and a pervading terror.13 【正确答案】 This line is a representation of
30、Emerson s transcendental ideas that the individual is the most important of all and an individual should know about his own worth and give full play to his worth. If man depends upon himself, cultivates himself and brings about the divine in himself, he can hope to become better and even perfect. He
31、 tries to convince people that doing things according to their knowledge of their worth is a perfect way to develop and improve themselves. Each man should determine his own existence. Men should and could be self-reliant. Self-reliance is also an expression of the hope that man can become the best
32、person he could hope to be.14 【正确答案】 a. Gatsby is great because he is able to create a new identity for himself when he needs to be someone else. His determination and audacity are amazing since he focuses on a goal of winning Daisy and he does whatever is necessary to attain it. He establishes that
33、 he needs wealth to keep Daisy in the manner she is accustomed to, and so he attains a “business“ that gives him financial wealth. What is more, he studies mannerisms and expressions he thinks is what the social elite says and does.b. Gatsby is great is also because of his unworldly love for Daily.
34、He takes the blame for Daisy when she commits a crime and that takes a great man.c. Gatsby is great because he is a mythical figure whose personal experience approximates a state of mind that embodies America. Gatsby is the last of the romantic hero, whose energy and sense of commitment take him in
35、search of his personal grail.15 【正确答案】 What the speaker means is that gender discrimination exists in the domain of moon landing. From the perspective of the society, it is beyond women s ability to do that and men pride themselves on being able to perform such a great mission. The speaker is agains
36、t the society s stereotype. I agree with these sentiments.16 【正确答案】 The moon suggests an object that was once beyond men s reach and knowledge. But with the development of science and technology and human courage, moon landing is performed.17 【正确答案】 In the speakers opinion, science and technology on
37、ly means that humans are more adroit with objects than lives. Science and technology emphasizes more on courage than kindness. What is more, in spite of all the progress, human beings are still lack of decorum and human values seem not to be put much emphasis on. His opinion conforms to my ideas abo
38、ut the American space program.18 【正确答案】 In my opinion, United States should not continue space exploration. First of all, it is worthwhile to have a look at what the industrial revolutions bring to the human being. It is true that our society have been progressing in a great speed since then, our li
39、fe has become more and more convenient and many long-cherished dreams, moon-landing for example, have come true. However, the ecological system of the earth has deteriorated because of various pollutions. Many species have disappeared and more fatal diseases are threatening the very life of human be
40、ings. Our mother earth is shouldering a huge burden brought about by the large population and all the other problems involved in the industrialization. Second, the essence of life and the values of human beings seem not to be emphasized in this process. Just as what the speaker says in the poem, hum
41、an beings are still lack of decorum. The earth has been destroyed by human beings so much, are we going to continue to disturb the moon? It is better for us to keep the quietness and mystery of the moon. Exploring the moon only shows human courage and nothing more. Science and technology employed in
42、 the process only means human beings are more adroit with objects than lives and it only involves a span of time. What the human being should do is to put more emphasis on themselves, on how to live, how to get the essence of our lives, how to love not only other people but also the things around us
43、, and how to respect them. “Irreverence is a greater oaf than Superstition. “ The poem is to remind people that there are more other important things in our life other than science and technology and especially space exploration.三、评论题19 【正确答案】 On the surface, Great Expectations appears to be simply
44、the story of Pip from his early childhood to his early adulthood, and a recollection of the events and people that Pip encounters throughout his life. In other words, it is a well written story of a young man s life growing up in England in the early nineteenth century. At first glance, it may appea
45、r this way, an interesting narrative of youth, love, success and failure, all of which are the makings of an entertaining novel. However, Great Expectations is much more.Great Expectations is a typical Bildunsroman, or a novel of growth or development. It tells about Pip growing from innocence to ex
46、perience and from immaturity to maturity. His spiritual odyssey begins in the form of a quest for self-identity and for his true father. Eventually he learns humanity, accepts guilt, retrieves lost values, and grows up.On the one hand, Pip has a deep desire to improve himself and attain any possible
47、 advancement , whether educational, moral, or social. His longing to marry Estella and join the upper classes stems from the same idealistic desire as his longing to learn to read and his fear of being punished for bad behavior. Once he understands ideas like poverty, ignorance and immorality, Pip d
48、oes not want to be poor, ignorant or immoral. However, Pip s idealism often leads him to perceive the world rather narrowly, and his tendency to oversimplify situations based on superficial values leads him to behave badly toward the people who care about him. When Pip becomes a gentleman, for examp
49、le, he immediately begins to act as he thinks a gentleman is supposed to act, which leads him to treat Joe and Biddy snobbishly and coldly. On the other hand, Pip is at heart a very generous and sympathetic young man, a fact that can be witnessed in his numerous acts of kindness throughout the book and his essential love for all those who love him. Pip s main line of development in the novel may be seen as the process of
