1、2012 年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析一、选择题1 Come what _, were not going to make any concession to his unreasonable demands.（A）must（B） should（C） can（D）may2 _, electrons are still smaller.（A）As atoms small are（B） As atoms smaller as（C） Small as atoms are（D）Smaller atoms as are3 The manager of the hotel
2、requested that their guests_after 11: 00 p. m.（A）wont play music loudly（B） dont play loud music（C） not play music loudly（D）didnt play music loudly4 I must try to make_as I can of this project which I have undertaken.（A）as a logical survey（B） such a logical survey（C） the same logical survey（D）as logi
3、cal a survey5 Anthropology is a science_anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.（A）in that（B） that in（C） that（D）in6 Im surprised at there_an index.（A）not to be（B） to be not（C） not being（D）being not7 _, explorers could never
4、have found the cave.（A）But for the fissure had been spotted（B） If not the fissure had been spotted（C） Had the fissure not been spotted（D）Had not the fissure been spotted8 After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys_to go to schoo
5、l.（A）to be encouraged（B） been encouraged（C） being encouraged（D）be encouraged9 Has Mary finished writing her article? No, and it_two days ago.（A）should be finished（B） should finish（C） should have finished（D）ought to have been finished10 _is well-known to all, too much stress can cause disease.（A）Whic
6、h（B） It（C） That（D）As11 A good harvest was obtained_the worse drought in sixty years.（A）though（B） despite（C） because of（D）even12 John was_to be found. I looked_for him, but in vain.（A）nowhere., anywhere（B） somewhere., nowhere（C） anywhere., nowhere（D）nowhere., everywhere13 Susan had worked for three y
7、ears to be a computer analyst but found her progress_.（A）discouraging（B） to be discouraged（C） discouraged（D）to be discouraged14 _today, he would get there on Sunday.（A）Was he leaving（B） Were he to leave（C） If he leaves（D）If he is leaving15 Issues of price, place, promotion, and product are_conventio
8、nal concerns in planning marketing strategies.（A）these of the most（B） most of those（C） among the many of（D）among the most16 When you are driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right_.（A）lane（B） road（C） track（D）way17 Dreams are_in themselves, but when combined with
9、 other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.（A）startling（B） harmless（C） uncontrollable（D）uninformative18 Being color-blind, Sally cant make a_between red and green.（A）difference（B） distinction（C） comparison（D）division19 In order to repair barns, build fence, grow crops, and care for animals
10、, a farmer must indeed be_.（A）restless（B） versatile（C） skilled（D）strong20 Although he has become rich, he is still very_of his money.（A）careful（B） economic（C） thrifty（D）frugal21 After a long delay, she_replying to my e-mail.（A）got round to（B） got away with（C） got about（D）got along22 According to the
11、 new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the_of 59 percent.（A）ratio（B） percentage（C） proportion（D）rate23 When he first started in university, he really felt at_with his majoreconomics.（A）shore（B） bank（C） sea（D）ocean24 The company has capitalized_the error of judgment made by its bu
12、siness competitor.（A）in（B） over（C） on（D）with25 The thieves fled with the local police close on their_.（A）backs（B） necks（C） toes（D）heels26 Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but_slightly in the afternoon.（A）regained（B） revived（C） recovered（D）restored27 There are still m
13、any problems ahead of us, but by this time next year we can see light at the end of the_.（A）tunnel（B） road（C） day（D）battle28 Professor Johnsons retirement_from next January.（A）takes effect（B） carries into effect（C） has effect（D）puts into effect29 This spacious room is_furnished with just a few artic
14、les in it.（A）lightly（B） sparsely（C） hardly（D）rarely30 Im surprised they are no longer on speaking terms. Its not like either of them to bear a（A）grudge（B） disgust（C） curse（D）hatred二、完形填空30 The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the countrys speed camera network is expanded.
15、Motoring organizations warned that the【C1】_could become a poll tax on wheels, 【C2】_huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism 【C3】_cameras. The warnings came【C4】_a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either【C5 】_to expansion
16、plans or considering 【C6】 _. Nationwide, the number of speeding tickets is expected to treble, 【C7】_90 million a year. 【C8 】_the scheme, police keep some of the cash from fines to【C9 】_the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and 【C10 】_that existing ones always have film in them. The rest
17、 will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed 【C11】_at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by【C12】_a half. But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe 【
18、C13 】_fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expected to 【C14】_the “threshold“ speeds at which cameras are【 C15】_to the absolute legal minimum15 mph in a 10 mph limit, and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead
19、of concentrating on the road, and【C16】_to more accidents. Sue Nicholson, head of campaigns at the RAC, said, “We dont have a problem with speed cameras【C17】_. But we do have concerns about【C18】_they are sited. Police risk losing credibility 【C19 】_ motorists if cameras are seen as revenue raising【C2
20、0】_safety devices. “31 【C1 】（A）promotions（B） punishments（C） penalties（D）payments32 【C2 】（A）isolating（B） separating（C） alienating（D）detaching33 【C3 】（A）towards（B） against（C） before（D）over34 【C4 】（A）so（B） once（C） as（D）where35 【C5 】（A）subjected（B） engaged（C） intended（D）committed36 【C6 】（A）taking part（B
21、） keeping silence（C） making exception（D）paying respect37 【C7 】（A）financing（B） profiting（C） funding（D）netting38 【C8 】（A）From（B） Under（C） On（D）With39 【C9 】（A）hide（B） cover（C） conceal（D）veil40 【C10 】（A）pledging（B） assuring（C） confirming（D）ensuring41 【C11 】（A）essentially（B） strongly（C） purely（D）wholehea
22、rtedly42 【C12 】（A）in all（B） fewer than（C） at most（D）up to43 【C13 】（A）but（B） whereas（C） though（D）while44 【C14 】（A）fit（B） put（C） set（D）fix45 【C15 】（A）levered（B） geared（C） handled（D）triggered46 【C16 】（A）lead（B） add（C） contribute（D）resort47 【C17 】（A）any less（B） by itself（C） after all（D）as such48 【C18 】（
23、A）who（B） when（C） where（D）which49 【C19 】（A）in（B） with（C） against（D）for50 【C20 】（A）in spite of（B） far from（C） rather than（D）by means of50 Disposing of waste has been a problem since human started producing it. As more and more people 【C21】_to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem b
24、ecomes increasingly difficult. During the eighteenth century, it was【C22】_for several neighboring towns to get together to select faraway spot as a dumpsite. Residents or trash haulers would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically some of the trash was
25、 burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem【C23】_nobody lived close by. Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those【C24】_ on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with c
26、himneys to deal with the problem. Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily【C25】_areas. Such areas rarely have empty land【C26 】_for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or t
27、oo close to residential neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are 【C27 】_to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent. Awareness of pollution dangers has 【C28】_in more strict rules
28、 of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a【C29】_people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow. Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many town require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling p
29、rograms, 【C30】_, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a citys reusable waste.51 【C21 】52 【C22 】53 【C23 】54 【C24 】55 【C25 】56 【C26 】57 【C27 】58 【C28 】59 【C29 】60 【C30 】三、阅读理解60 After what could well be called a whirlwind courtship, Margaret unaccountably married him. The incongruity of the
30、marriage was underlined by the fact of her undoubted physical beauty and his quite remarkable ugliness. Friends were too stunned for a while to indulge in even mild comment; it was as if the enormity of the match had dulled the edge of malice. He was of insignificant height, fat, and of a singularly
31、 unpleasant disposition. His clothes looked as though they had been carefully chosen to give the least possible flattery to an already handicapped body and added to the overall effect of grossness that Nature in her perversity had begun to create some thirty-five years before. It was thus that they
32、walked together down the aisle, he bobbing at her shoulder like evil imp, she serene and calm, seemingly unaware of the striking contrast. Of course, gossip needs at least a basis of hard fact to feed its flame on, and so George, with no known background and no apparent antecedents, with few friends
33、 and, as far as was known, even fewer enemies, was poor fuel for those professional good friends who attach themselves to some circle and desperately try to compensate for their own inadequacy by laying bare the sores of others.The wedding passed and they immediately settled into domesticity with sc
34、arcely a ruffle. He could be seen regularly on the morning train to town, and it is pleasant to be able to record that his face was, for most of the time, buried in “The Times“ and that his clothes were at least the right color to give the impression of respectable occupation. She, on most mornings,
35、 went about her various good works or shopped in the village. She was unfailingly polite and was thus well-liked by her neighbors. They entertained enough to fulfill the needs of convention and quickly sank into the comfortable anonymity of suburban life. All seemed set fair for a dull but tolerable
36、 existence.There was much disappointment among those who had predict that little short of disaster would ensue from such an unlikely mating. These good friends visited them, in consequence, more frequently perhaps than they would normally have done, in the hope of detecting the first crack in the st
37、ructure of their marriage.61 What initially prevented people from making remarks about the marriage?（A）It was an enormous wedding.（B） They were too dull to comment.（C） They were too astonished to say anything.（D）They had known the couple long before.62 The writer says that Georges clothes（A）flattere
38、d his handicaps.（B） looked awful on him.（C） made him look even fatter.（D）had been chosen with great care.63 Why was it difficult to sustain gossip as far as George was concerned?（A）There was no burning desire to talk about him.（B） He was a very private person and always kept to himself.（C） Neither h
39、is friends nor his enemies would say anything about him.（D）No one seemed to know where he came from or who his family were.64 How frequently did they have friends to the house?（A）Probably too often.（B） Often but as courtesy calls.（C） When they needed company.（D）Only when convention demanded.65 How d
40、id their friends react when the marriage seemed to be a success?（A）They predicted that it would be a disappointment.（B） They hid their disappointment by visiting more frequently.（C） They thought it unlikely that the couple would love each other.（D）They became more determined than ever to see some si
41、gn of disagreement.65 Thanks to closed doors and fierce gatekeepers, bosses are tricky to observe in their natural habitat. Yet it might be useful to know what they do all day, and whether any of it benefits shareholders. A new Harvard Business School working paper sheds some light.Researchers asked
42、 the chief executives of 94 Italian firms to have their assistants record their activities for a week. You may take this with a grain of salt. Is the bosss assistant a neutral observer? If the boss spends his lunch hour boozing, or in a motel with his assistant, will she record this truthfully? None
43、theless, here are the results.The average Italian boss works for 48 hours a week and spends 60% of that time in meetings. The most diligent put in another 20 hours. And the longer they work, the better the company does.Less diligent chief executives are more likely to have one-to-one meetings with p
44、eople from outside the company. The authors speculate that such people are trying to raise their own profile, perhaps to secure a better job. Bosses who work longer hours, by contrast, spend more of them meeting their own employees.Bosses often complain that they get bogged down in day-to-day operat
45、ions, says Rajesh Chandy, a professor at the London Business School. Regulations that make them legally responsible for their underlings wrongdoings are partly to blame. The prospect of jail is a powerful attention-grabber. Many bosses also feel they must dash around the world pitching to clients. J
46、im Hagemann Snabe, co-chief executive of SAP, a software firm, reckons that he met over 200 last year. Mr. Chandy thinks bosses should spend less time with clients and more time thinking about the future.How much time they spend thinking about anything is hard to measure. But in an experiment, Mr. C
47、handy measured how often bosses use forward-looking words like “will“ and “shall“ in their public statements. He concluded that bosses spend only 3 -4% of their day thinking about long-term strategy.Brian Sullivan, the chief executive of CTPartners, a headhunting firm, says the most difficult part o
48、f his job is saying no to people who want a piece of his time. “If it was up to our partners I would be at every pitch, “ he says. Mr. Sullivan says the only time he gets for blue-sky thinking is when he is in the sky. “Chief executives will rue the day when BlackBerrys work on planes, “ he predicts.Bill Gates took regular “think weeks“ , when he would sit alone in a cabin for 18 hours a day reading and contemplating. This, it is said, led to such strategic masterstrokes as “the internet tidal wave memo“ in 1995, which shifted Microsofts focus(some say belatedly)to
