1、2013 年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、单项选择题1 _ are long narrative poems that record the adventures of a hero whose exploits are important to the history of a nation.（A）Ballads（B） Romans（C） Epics（D）Odes2 Which of the following is not written by Christopher Marlowe?（A）Utopia（B） Tamburlaine the Great（C）
2、 The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus（D）The Jew of Malta3 Which is Shelleys work of literary criticism?（A）An Essay on Criticism（B） A Defense of Poetry（C） On the Necessity of Atheism（D）Of Studies4 _was a critical realist, whose novels, such as Vanity Fair, are mainly a satirical portrayal of the up
3、per strata of society.（A）George Eliot（B） Elizabeth Gaskell（C） William Makepeace Thackeray（D）John Bunyan5 Dickens takes the French Revolution as the background of the novel_.（A）A Tale of Two Cities（B） Great Expectations（C） Hard Times（D）David Copperfield6 Lyrical Ballads(1798)was a collection of poems
4、 by_.（A）James Thomson and William Collins（B） Thomas Gray and Robert Burns（C） Percy Bysshe Shelley and George Gordon Byron（D）William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge7 “The Lamb“ is included in William Blakes_.（A）Poetical Sketches（B） The Songs of Innocence（C） The Songs of Experience（D）The Marria
5、ge of Heaven and Hell8 During the Reason and Revolution Period, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the_.（A）Chartist Movement（B） Romanticist Movement（C） Enlightenment Movement（D）Modernist Movement9 In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment.
6、_was the dominant spirit.（A）Humanism（B） Rationalism（C） Revolution（D）Evolution10 Because the Romantic Period is a period of the great flowering American literature, it is also called_.（A）the American Transcendentalism（B） the American Revolution（C） the American Renaissance（D）the American Cultural Inde
7、pendence11 Which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism?（A）Nature（B） Walden（C） On Beauty（D）Self-Reliance12 The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as_in the literary history of the United States.（A）the age of Realism（B） the age of Romanticism（C） the age
8、 of Naturalism（D）the age of Local Colorism13 Among the three prominent realistic writers, while Mark Twain and Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the “life“ of the Americans,_had apparently laid a greater emphasis on the “inner world“ of man.（A）Theodore Dreiser（B） Frank Norris（C） Henry Ja
9、mes（D）Emily Dickinson14 In 1954, _ was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for his “mastery of the art of modem narration“.（A）Thomas Stearns Eliot（B） Ernest Hemingway（C） John Steinbeck（D）William Faulkner15 _ s role as a leading spokesman of the famous Imagist Movement in the history of American l
10、iterature can never be ignored and his one-image poem best demonstrates his principles of what a new poetry should be.（A）William Carlos Williams（B） Robert Frost（C） F. Scott Fitzgerald（D）Ezra Pound二、名词解释16 Neoclassicism(3 points)17 Free Verse(2 points)18 Hemingway Heroes(3 points)三、分析题19 Essay questi
11、ons.(12 points)What makes Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn more than a childs adventure story? Briefly discuss the question from Four aspects; the setting, the language, the characters), and the theme.2013 年北京第二外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、单项选择题1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 史诗：古代民间文学的一种体裁，通常指以传说或重大事件为
12、题材的古代长篇民间叙事诗。史诗主要歌颂每个民族在其形成和发展过程中所经历的各种艰难险阻、克服自然灾害、抵御外侮的斗争及其英雄业绩。2 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 克里斯托弗马洛(Christopher Marlowe，15641593)是英国伊丽莎白时期的剧作家、诗人及翻译家。他的代表作包括帖木儿大帝(Tamburlaine the Great)、马耳他的犹太人(The Jew of Malta)、浮士德博士的悲剧(The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus)，而乌托邦 (Utopia)则为托马斯 莫尔(Thomas Moore，1478 一 1535)所著
13、。3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 为诗歌辩护(A Defense of Poetr)，)是雪莱(Shelley)的一部关于文学批评理论的著作。论批评(An Essay on Criticism)是蒲伯(Alexander Pope)的代表作。无神论的必要性(On the Necessity ofAtheism)是雪莱在牛津大学期间发表的一篇推理题材的短篇论文。论学习(Of Studies) 则是培根(Francis Bacon)的著名文章。4 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 名利场(Vanity Fair) 是 19 世纪英国小说家萨克雷(Thackeray， 18111863)的代表作。它真
14、实描绘了英国上流社会没落贵族和资产阶级暴发户等各色人物的丑恶嘴脸和弱肉强食、尔虞我诈的人际关系。其尖锐泼辣的讽刺风格尤为精彩，是一部现实主义杰作。5 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 双城记(A Tale of Two Cities)是英国作家查尔斯狄更斯所著的描述法国大革命时期的长篇历史小说，“双城”分别指的是巴黎与伦敦。而远大前程、大卫科波菲尔都是以伦敦为背景的作品，艰难时代则整个以维多利亚时期的英国为背景。6 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 抒情歌谣集(Lyrical Ballads)是英国浪漫主义时期的两大诗人华兹华斯(WilliamWordsworth)和柯勒律治(Samuel Taylo
15、r Coleridge)共同的心血结晶。它的出版具有划时代的意义，它挥别了 18 世纪新古典主义强调的规则、次序、克制、理性、和谐、均衡等文学价值，转而追求天赋、自然以及情感和想象力等内在力量。7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 威廉布莱克(William Blake，17581827)是 18 世纪诗人，英国第一位重要的浪漫主义诗人。主要诗作有诗集纯真之歌、经验之歌等，诗中“羔羊”是天真的状态、仁爱的载体、耶稣的化身。诗人借此表达了对宗教的赞美与虔敬。羔羊是收录在纯真之歌之中的。8 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 美国独立战争时期在美国文学史上又被称为“理性与革命年代”或者“启蒙时代”，当时人们
16、受流行于欧洲的启蒙思想的影响，重视科学和理性。9 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 美国的 18 世纪被称为“启蒙年代”或“理性时代”，启蒙主义者重视科学，强调理性，认为理性可以解决身边的难题，因而，“理性主义”成为这一时期的主导思想。人文主义(Humanism)是文艺复兴时期 (14 至 16 世纪)的主导思想。10 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 美国的浪漫主义阶段又被称为美国文学的“文艺复兴”，因为在这一阶段涌现出一大批优秀的作家和作品。浪漫主义阶段的顶峰是超验主义，它于 19世纪 30 年代兴起于新英格兰地区，它的形成标志着美国文学已经真正的独立。11 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 新英格兰
17、超验主义运动在 19 世纪三、四十年代吹响了美国精神独立的号角。超验主义的代表人物为爱默生与梭罗，爱默生的论自然(Nature)被称为“超验主义的圣经”，其中详细地阐述了超验主义观点。12 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从美国内战(1864)到第一次世界大战爆发(1914)，美国文学进入了新的阶段现实主义阶段。美国南北战争是美国文学史的分水岭。人们对内战的痛苦记忆、对英雄形象的幻灭和实际生活的无情现实使浪漫主义无立足之地，新一代作家主张文学正视现实，不尚空想。13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 美国现实主义时期(18651818)的三位代表作家是豪威尔斯(William Dean Howell
18、s， 1837 一 1920)、亨利詹姆斯(Henry James ，1843 一 1916)和马克吐温(Mark Twain，18351910)。马克吐温和豪威尔斯较注重生活描写，而亨利詹姆斯则明显强调人类的“内心世界”，他尤其以“内心独白”的写作手法而闻名。14 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 1954 年的诺贝尔文学奖获得者是美国作家海明威(Ernest Miller Hemingway，1899 一 1961)，当时的授奖词是“因为他精通于叙事艺术，突出地表现在其近著老人与海之中；同时也因为他对当代文体风格之影响”。15 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 1913 年休姆、庞德和弗林特等在伦
19、敦发表意象主义(Imagism)三点宣言，要求直接表现主客观事物，庞德认为“一个人与其在一生中写浩瀚的著作，还不如在一生中呈现一个意象。”他的代表作在地铁站是一首单一意象诗(one一 image poem)。二、名词解释16 【正确答案】 The Neoclassical Age developed in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. During this period, writers and artists continued the Renaissance trend of looking to the ancient Greeks an
20、d Romans for inspiration. Neoclassical writers sought clear, precise language. They standardized spelling and grammar, shifted away from the complex metaphors employed by Shakespeare and simplified literary structures. They believed that art should be organized with order, logic, restrained emotion
21、and accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. Swifts Gullivers Travels is an example.17 【正确答案】 Free verse is printed in short lines instead of the continuity of prose, but it differs from a traditional verse by the fact that its rhythmic pattern is not organ
22、ized into a regular metrical formthat is, into feet, or recurrent units of weak and strong stressed syllables. Most free verses also have irregular line lengths, and either lack rhyme or else use it only occasionally. Walt Whitman is a representative who employs this poem form successfully and Song
23、of Myself is one of his poem in this form.18 【正确答案】 Hemingway hero is often an average man of decidedly masculine tastes, sensitive and intelligent, a man of action, and one of few words. He is an individualist, alone even when with other people, somewhat an outsider, keeping emotions under control,
24、 stoic and self-disciplined in a dreadful place where one cannot have happiness. A case in point is the hero in A Farewell to ArmsFrederic Henry.三、分析题19 【正确答案】 What makes Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn more than a childs adventure story? Briefly discuss the question from Four aspects
25、: the setting, the language, the character(s), and the theme.1)Setting. The story happens in the United States before the Civil War. At that time, the slavery has not yet been abolished. By setting the story along the Mississippi River, the novel provides us with a panorama of life along the mother
26、river when the nation is still young and not fully civilized.2)Language. Mark Twain starts the tradition of writing in a colloquial way and using the dialect. He prefers simple language and sometimes there are even ungrammatical errors in the text. This practice narrows down the distance between rea
27、ders and literature.3)Characters. Huckleberry Finn, the novels hero, is a poor boy of his coming of age. He is taught by the white society to hate the black people, but his instinct and his experience along the river forces him to question that teaching. In this aspect, the author highlights instinc
28、t over knowledge and nature over culture. Another important character in the novel is Jim. He runs away from his owner for the pursuit of freedom. Different from what the society tells him, Huck finds that Jim is very humane. He cares about his family and looks after Huck as his own son. He is moral
29、 and noble and makes us question the so-called white superiority.4)Theme. By setting the novel before the Civil War, the novel reveals the hypocrisy of the “civilized“ society and the cruelty done to the black people. Contrary to peoples expectations, the white people depicted in the novel are mostl
30、y corrupted and corrupting while the black people as represented by Jim are compassionate and humane. Although slavery was abolished after the Civil War, it notes that prejudice against the African race still exists. In this aspect, the novel has a far-reaching influence over todays racism.Overall, this novel is far beyond being a childs adventure story; it has many historical and literary values.
