1、2015 年武汉大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 His natural_ saved him from being spoilt by fame and success.（A）honesty（B） simplicity（C） modesty（D）morality2 Patriotism was the army captains_when he spoke at our school assembly.（A）theme（B） theorem（C） thesis（D）theory3 A modern ship has its_in the hollowed log
2、 used by primitive peoples.（A）proton（B） pattern（C） predecessor（D）prototype4 You should_the wheels of your bicycle to reduce the friction.（A）label（B） illustrate（C） lubricate（D）manipulate5 A person ought to conform the_of behaviour.（A）patterns（B） models（C） modes（D）norms6 Travel can be an excellent_to
3、ones education.（A）complement（B） completion（C） component（D）competitor7 The_to the contract must be signed by two witnesses.（A）assignment（B） attachment（C） assessment（D）alignment8 He accepted_for the damage done to the car.（A）liberty（B） liability（C） license（D）likelihood9 If the main power line fails, t
4、he hospital will use its_generator.（A）residual（B） subordinate（C） obedient（D）auxiliary10 The big searchlight_a spot a mile away.（A）ignites（B） stimulates（C） illuminates（D）illustrates11 His newly published novel enjoys great_.（A）attention（B） likelihood（C） popularity（D）controversy12 The young mother loo
5、ked at her sleeping baby with a(an)_smile.（A）elegant（B） earnest（C） radiant（D）radical13 Always tell your neighbours when you are going, as a_against burglary.（A）safeguard（B） hindrance（C） sacrifice（D）violation14 The plate dropped on the floor and_into little pieces.（A）smashed（B） crashed（C） cracked（D）c
6、rushed15 Having rooms in which to study will not_, we must also have the time to use them.（A）suffice（B） satisfy（C） quantify（D）rejoice16 Their_fault was a failure to recognize all the factors involved.（A）infinite（B） inherent（C） potential（D）sole17 Marilyn came back from her vacation with_arms and face
7、.（A）tan（B） tame（C） blackened（D）freshened18 The wagon trains had to_Indian territory to reach California.（A）transfer（B） transverse（C） traverse（D）transport19 The propeller began to_, and the small plane started down the runway.（A）roll（B） whirl（C） ventilate（D）roar20 The governments recent statement of
8、the unemployment does not_with the facts.（A）accord（B） conform（C） commence（D）consent21 They planned to_in the middle of the night, when the guards were asleep.（A）go off（B） run out（C） break off（D）break out22 Its pretty windy. Youd better_your hat.（A）add up to（B） lend itself to（C） hold on to（D）stand up
9、 to23 Shes playing so well this year that people expect her to_all the big prizes again.（A）carry on（B） carry off（C） carry out（D）take off24 When he arrived, he found_the aged and the sick at home.（A）nothing but（B） none other than（C） none but（D）no other than25 As teachers we should concern ourselves w
10、ith what is said, not what we think_.（A）have to be said（B） must say（C） ought to be said（D）need to say26 _, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.（A）Other things to be equal（B） Were other things equal（C） To be equal to oth
11、er things（D）Other things being equal27 I am sure he is up to the job_he would give his mind to it.（A）in case（B） until（C） if only（D）unless28 If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, _would be getting sick.（A）a lot of more us（B） a lot more of us（C） more a lot of us（D）a lot of us more29 Our
12、 modern civilization must not be thought of as_in a short period of time.（A）being created（B） to have been created（C） having been created（D）to be created30 Most of the people who_two world wars are strongly against arms race.（A）have lived out（B） have lived through（C） have lived on（D）have lived with31
13、 An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately_from Marathon to Athens.（A）distance（B） is the distance（C） the distance（D）the distance is32 Scientists say it may be five or ten years_it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.（A）since（B） before（C） after（D）when33 I walked too
14、 much yesterday and _are still aching now.（A）my legs muscles（B） my muscles of leg（C） my leg muscles（D）my muscles of the leg34 Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection_to the nation.（A）has left（B） is to leave（C） leaves（D）is to be left35 Jean doesnt want to work right away b
15、ecause she thinks that if she_a job she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often.（A）has to get（B） were to get（C） had got（D）could have got36 The worlds supplies of copper_.（A）have been gradually being exhausted（B） has gradually exhausted（C） are gradually exhausted（D）are being gradually
16、exhausted37 Hitler_in his room.（A）committed suicide（B） got committed suicide（C） was committed suicide（D）was suicide38 Bill got up and made a motion that the meeting_.（A）be adjourned（B） should cancel（C） be going to cancel（D）is to adjourn39 It is no good_persuade me.（A）for you to try to（B） trying to（C
17、） of you to（D）of you to try to40 The main trouble is_enough knowledge.（A）their not having（B） them not having（C） theirs not having（D）for them to not have二、Proofreading40 Before 1973, abortion was illegal in America unless the womans health was threatened. In March of 1970, Jame Roe, a single woman, i
18、nstituted this federal action against the District attorney of the county. The original idea was that women who truly did not want a baby should not have to have it. 【M1 】_Since pregnancy may be a blessed act when planned or wanted, 【M2 】_forced pregnancy, like any forced bodily invasion, is anathem
19、a toAmerican values and traditions. As legalized abortion has become aneveryday part of American life, a different side to it has emerged out. 【M3 】_Where women once were aborting because they did not want achild, the reasons being given now were becoming very different. 【M4 】_Abortion has turned in
20、to something that women are being coercedfrom boyfriends/husbands unwilling to be fathers, out of fear 【M5 】_of the financial pressure, out of panic from losing their jobs, out ofpanic from having to quit the school, or becoming homeless, or out【M6】_of fear of their parents kicking them out into the
21、 street.Abortion for these reasons can lead to problems which developwhen a woman is unable to get round her emotional responses resul- 【M7】_ting from the trauma of an abortion. There are women who abort anddo so completely of her own free will. These women have no regrets, 【M8】_no remorse, but are
22、happy they had this choice available. But 【M9】_a growing number of women are speaking up about how abortioneffected them adversely. 【M10】_41 【M1】42 【M2】43 【M3】44 【M4】45 【M5】46 【M6】47 【M7】48 【M8】49 【M9】50 【M10】三、Reading Comprehension50 In developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that percep
23、tion of the external world does not always remain independent of motivation. While progress toward maturity is positively correlated with differentiation between motivation and cognition, tension will, even in the mature adult, militate towards a narrowing of the range of perception and in the lesse
24、ning of the objectivity of perception.Cognition can be seen as the first step in the sequence of events leading from the external stimulus to the behavior of the individual. The child develops from belief that all things are an extension of its own body to the recognition that objects exist independ
25、ent of his perception. He begins to demonstrate awareness of people and things which are removed from his sensory apparatus and initiates goal directed behaviors. He may, however, refuse to recognize the existence of barriers to the attainment of his goals, despite the fact that his cognition of the
26、se objects has been previously demonstrated.In the primitive being, goal-directed behavior can be very simply motivated. The presence of an attractive object will cause an infant to reach for it; its removal will result in the cessation of that action. Studies have shown no evidence of the infants f
27、rustration; rather, it appears that the infant ceases to desire the object when he cannot see it. Further indications are that the infants attention to the attractive object increases as a result of its not being in his grasp. In fact, if he holds a toy and another is presented, he is likely to drop
28、 the first in order to clutch the second. Often, once he has the one desired in his hands, he loses attention and turns to something else.In adult life, mere cognition can be similarly motivational, although the visible presence of the opportunity is not required as the instigator of response. The m
29、ature adult modifies his reaction by obtaining information, interpreting it, and examining consequences. He formulates a hypothesis and attempts to test it. He searches out implicit relationships, examines all factors, and differentiates among them. Just as the trained artist can separate the values
30、 of colour, composition, and technique , while taking in and evaluating the whole work, so, too, the mature person brings his cognitive learning strengths to bear in appraising a situation.Understanding that cognition is separate from action, his reactions are only minimally guided from conditioning
31、, and take into consideration anticipatable events.The impact of the socialization process, particularly which of parental and social group ideology , may reduce cognitively directed behavior. The tension thus produced, as for instance the stress of fear, anger, or extreme emotion, will often be the
32、 overriding influence.The evolutionary process of development from body schema through to cognitive learning is similarly manifested in the process of language acquisition. Auditing and speaking develop first, reading and writing much later on. Not only is this evident in the development of the indi
33、vidual human being from infancy on, but also in the development of language for humankind.Every normal infant has the physiological equipment necessary to produce sound, but the child must first master their use for sucking, biting, and chewing before he can control his equipment for use in producin
34、g the sounds of language. The babble and chatter of the infant are precursors to intelligible vocal communication.From the earliest times, it is clear that language and human thought have been intimately connected. Sending or receiving messages, from primitive warnings of danger to explaining creati
35、ve or reflective thinking, this aspect of cognitive development is also firmly linked to the needs and aspirations of society.51 It can be inferred from this passage that the author would support the attitude towards art appreciation that_.（A）a work of art should not be analyzed（B） analysis of a wor
36、k of art makes for greater understanding of it（C） understanding the life of the artist helps us to understand his work（D）all mature people can understand art equally well52 The statement which is neither implied nor stated in this passage is_.（A）The child is concerned only with his own body（B） The c
37、hild learns to act in a way that will serve his desires（C） The infants attention can be distracted from an object by simply concealing it（D）The infant finds it difficult to focus attention on more than one object at a time53 It may be inferred from the passage that the effects of society on learning
38、 may be_.（A）to enhance the individuals motivation to learn as quickly as possible（B） too deter learning by reason of anxiety about possible conflict with ideology（C） to bring mans knowledge within the scope of all（D）to keep all learning at the same stage of development54 The passage implies that_.（A
39、）speech is acquired through direct teaching（B） the infant should be taught not to babble（C） infants who do not chatter will never learn to speak（D）infants are born with the ability to speak but the ability to do so depends upon development of physical functions through non-verbal activities55 It wou
40、ld appear from the passage that it would be useful for the parent of the newborn to_.（A）give the infant what he needs before he cries（B） teach the infant how to speak as quickly as possible（C） model speech sounds and encourage the infant to produce them（D）refuse the infants demands until he makes th
41、em clear55 In a reaction against a too-rigid, overrefined classical curriculum, some educational philosophers have swung sharply to an espousal of “life experience“ as the sole source of learning. Using their narrow interpretation of John Deweys theories as a base for support, they conclude that onl
42、y through “doing“ can learning take place. Spouting such phrases as, “Teach the child, not the subject. “ they demand, without sensing its absurdity, and end to rigorous study as a means of opening the way to learning. While not all adherents to this approach would totally eliminate a study of great
43、 books, the influence of this philosophy has been felt in the public school curricula, as evidenced by the gradual subordination of great literature.What is the purpose of literature? Why read, if life alone is to be our teacher? James Joyce states that the artist reveals the human situation by recr
44、eating life out of life; Aristotle that art presents universal truths because its form is taken from nature. Thus, consciously or otherwise, the great writer reveals the human situation most tellingly, extending our understanding of ourselves and our world.We can soar with the writer to the heights
45、of mans aspirations, or plummet with him to tragic despair. The works of Steinbeck, Anderson, and Salinger; the poetry of Whitman, Sandburg, and Frost; the plays of Ibsen, Miller, and ONeil: all present starkly realistic portrayals of lifes problems. Reality? Yes! But how much wider is the understan
46、ding we gain than that attained by viewing life through the keyhole of our single existence.Can we measure the richness gained by the young reader venturing down the Mississippi with Tom and Huck, or cheering Ivanhoe as he battles the Black Knight; the deepening understanding of the mature reader of
47、 the tragic South of William Faulkner and Tennessee Williams, of the awesome determinationand frailtyof Patrick Whites Australian pioneers?This function of literature, the enlarging of our own life sphere, is of itself of major importance. Additionally, however, it has been suggested that solutions
48、of social problems may be suggested in the study of literature. The overweening ambitions of political leadersand their sneering contempt for the lawdid not appear for the first time in the writings of Bernstein and Woodward; the problems, and the consequent actions, of the guilt-ridden did not await the appearance of the bearded psychoanalyst of the twentieth century.Federal Judge Learned Hand has written, “ I venture to believe that it is as important to a judge called upon to pass on a question of constitutional law, to have at least a bowing acquaintance with Thucydides, Gibbon, and
