1、考研英语模拟试卷 327 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Modern liberal opinion is sensitive to problems of restriction of freedom and abuse of power. (1)_, many hold that a man can be injur
2、ed only by violating his will, but this view is much too (2)_. It fails to (3)_ the great dangers we shall face in the (4)_ of biomedical technology that stems from an excess of freedom, from the unrestrained (5)_ of will. In my view, our greatest problems will be voluntary self-degradation, or will
3、ing dehumanization, as is the unintended yet often inescapable consequence of sternly and successfully pursuing our humanization (6)_.Certain (7)_ and perfected medical technologies have already had some dehumanizing consequences. Improved methods of resuscitation have made (8)_ heroic efforts to “s
4、ave“ the severely ill and injured. Yet these efforts are sometimes only partly successful: They may succeed in (9)_ individuals, but these individuals may have sever brain damage and be capable of only a less-than-human, vegetating (10)_. Such patients have been (11)_ a death with dignity. Families
5、are forced to bear the burden of a (12)_ “death watch“.(13)_ the ordinary methods of treating disease and prolonging life have changed the (14)_ in which men die. Fewer and fewer people die in the familiar surroundings of home or in the (15)_ of family and friends. This loneliness, (16)_, is not con
6、fined to the dying patient in the hospital bed. As a group, the elderly are the most alienated members of our society: Not yet (17)_ the world of the dead, not deemed fit for the world of the living, they are shunted (18)_. We have learned how to increase their years, (19)_ we have not learned how t
7、o help them enjoy their days. Yet we continue to bravely and feverishly push back the frontiers (20)_ death.（A）Indeed（B） Likewise（C） Therefore（D）Furthermore（A）detached（B） prejudiced（C） favored（D）interfered（A）identify（B） promote（C） recognize（D）assist（A）allocation（B） expense（C） restriction（D）availabil
8、ity（A）advice（B） access（C） execution（D）exercise（A）functions（B） goals（C） purposes（D）origins（A）obtained（B） afforded（C） desired（D）offered（A）possible（B） probable（C） proper（D）potential（A）supporting（B） rescuing（C） replacing（D）retrieving（A）maintenance（B） survival（C） life（D）existence（A）deprived（B） repelled（C
9、） rejected（D）denied（A）shortened（B） prolonged（C） removed（D）extended（A）Even（B） But（C） Only（D）Hence（A）range（B） scope（C） context（D）territory（A）wake（B） process（C） company（D）light（A）moreover（B） however（C） hence（D）thus（A）limited to（B） isolated from（C） prepared for（D）absorbed into（A）away（B） aside（C） off（D）d
10、own（A）except（B） so（C） or（D）but（A）above（B） against（C） upon（D）withPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 In the end, a degree of sanity prevailed. The militant Hindus who had vowed to breach a police cordon and star
11、t the work of building a temple to the god Ram at the disputed site of Ayodhya decided to respect a Supreme Court decision barring them from the area. So charged have Hindu-Muslim relations in India become in recent weeks, as the declared deadline of March 15th neared, that a clash at Rams supposed
12、birthplace might well have provoked bloodshed on an appalling scale across the nation. It has, unfortunately, happened often enough before.But the threat has not vanished. The courts decision is only an interim one, and the main Hindu groups have not given up on their quest to build their temple. Ex
13、treme religious violence, which seemed in recent years to have faded after the Ayodhya-related explosion of 19921993, is again a feature of the political landscape. Though faults lie on both sides (it was a Muslim attack on Hindus in a train in Gujarat that started the recent slaughter), the great b
14、ulk of victims were, as always, Muslims. Once again, educated Hindus are to be heard inveighing against the “appeasing“ of Muslims through such concessions as separate constitutional status for Kashmir or the right to practice Islamic civil law. Once again, the police are being accused of doing litt
15、le or nothing to help Muslim victims of rampaging Hindu mobs. Once again, Indias 130m Muslims feel unequal and unsafe in their own country. Far too many Hindus would refuse to accept that it is “their own country“ at all.The wonder of it, perhaps, is that things are not worse. While the world applau
16、ds Pakistan for at last locking up the leaders of its extreme religious groups, in India the zealots still support, sustain and to a degree constitute the government. The BJP, which leads the ruling coalition, was founded as a political front for the Hindu movement. It is simply one, and by no means
17、 the dominant, member of what is called the Sangh Pariwar, the “family of organizations“. Other members of the family are much less savoury. There is the VHP, the World Hindu Organization, which led the movement to build the Ram temple. There is the Bajrang Dal, the brutalist “youth wing“ of the VHP
18、. There is substantial evidence that members of the VHP and the Bajrang Dal helped to organize the slaughter of hundreds of Muslims in Gujarat after 58 Hindus were killed on a train as they returned from Ayodhya.21 According to the text, the Supreme Court ruled that _.（A）Muslims are denied the right
19、 to civil laws.（B） Hindu-Muslim clashes are an issue of religion.（C） it is illegal to seek to build the Ram temple.（D）religious groups are in the charge of their leaders.22 What does the writer wants to illustrate with “a Muslim attack on Hindus on a train in Gujarat“?（A）The brutality of extreme Ind
20、ian policemen.（B） Frequent clashes between Hindus and Muslims.（C） The cruelty as shown by Hindus to Muslims.（D）The disappearance of extreme religious violence.23 The word “rampaging“ (Para 2) denotes _.（A）dominance.（B） violence.（C） deference.（D）acceptance.24 According to the text, now the world woul
21、d praise Hindus and Muslims mainly for their _.（A）generosity.（B） humaneness.（C） enthusiasm.（D）sensibility.25 Towards the issue of Hindu-Muslim relations, the writers attitude can be said to be _.（A）objective.（B） biased.（C） appalled.（D）supportive.26 Extraordinary creative activity has been characteri
22、zed as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea tha
23、t extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the science; Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goal. For the sciences, a new theory is the
24、 goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of date, serving as the means for formulat
25、ing or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeares Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power, nor is Picassos painting Guernica primarily a p
26、repositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism. What highly creative activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, rathe
27、r than transcend that form.This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a
28、composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has no bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would
29、 include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozarts The Marriage of Figaro(费加罗的婚礼) is surely among the masterpiece of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from
30、the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his composition reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits of the rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel a
31、nd Bachin strikingly original ways.26 According to the author, distinctions between those engaged in the creative arts and in natural sciences can in part be explained by _.（A）the different objectives of those involved in these respective pursuits（B） the different methods they employ in the collecti
32、on of data to support their theories（C） the different ways in which they attempt to extend accepted conventional forms（D）the different principles of organization that they utilize in order to create new works27 Why does the author suggest that the work of Beethoven was highly creative?（A）Because he
33、sought to become the only composer of his time to challenge accepted musical conventions.（B） Because he adopted a new principle of organization in his work by utilizing innovative strategies.（C） Because he creatively manipulated the accepted rules and forms governing musical composition.（D）Because h
34、e synthesized a transition between the older stylistic convention and the newer musical form.28 The passage implies that an original contribution in science is one that _.（A）is often quoted in the work of other scientists（B） is careful not to make a value judgment about the use of data（C） is applaud
35、ed by all distinguished experimentalists（D）generates a novel and well-founded generalization29 Which of the following would most likely follow the final sentence of the passage?（A）In the similar manner, several modern composers successfully established musical conventions.（B） Similarly, the succeedi
36、ng generation of composers manipulated accepted musical forms.（C） In contrast to Beethoven, however, even great modern composers like Bela Bertok did not attempt to alter accepted musical conventions.（D）Musicologists are continuing to study the compositional styles of composers in order to determine
37、 whether their contributions have been innovative.30 Whats the best title of the passage?（A）Formulating or Testing A New Theory（B） Quotation of Accepted Rules（C） Extraordinary Creative Activity（D）Similarities between Highly Creative art and Highly Creative Science31 Search engine Google was aiming t
38、o float on Wall Street this week, valued at up to $36 billion. But the Internet companys advisers are meeting this weekend to discuss possibly delaying the public listing after a sharp fall in share prices in New York on Friday. An insider said last night: “The float is teetering on the brinkit real
39、ly is 50/50 at this stage, although many of us are optimistic“. The initial public offering (IPO) of shares in Google, which could raise nearly $4bn, will amount to one of the biggest IPOs for years. But many US firms have shelved their IPOs amid volatile market conditions and investors appear unwil
40、ling to subscribe to new equity. A Wall Street analyst said that the Google IPO “would be a seminal event for the American stock market“ as its real significance was that it would test whether or not the recovery in equity prices since the end of the Iraq war had taken hold. “If this float works, a
41、lot of other companies will be encouraged and come to the market later in the year“, the insider added. “But it will be bad news if the IPO is pulled or the shares fall sharply after the company is listed. If that happens, it could kill off the IPO market in America and elsewhere for at least 12 mon
42、ths“.Several fund managers have already expressed reservations about Google, in particular its high valuation and the complex way the shares are being sold. Moreover, the Google flotation is taking place at a time when technology companies in the US have been shunned. On Thursday, the IPO hit a tech
43、nical hitch over the failure of the company to meet its legal obligations concerning its employees stock option plans. But the company did not think that the disclosure would mean a delay to the IPO, which is due on Tuesday. At the top of the suggested price range, Google would be valued not far sho
44、rt of its rival Internet firm Yahoo!and this has raised eyebrows within the industry. The auction is being conducted over the Internet, and potential buyers will have to register by signing on to a Google website. But only investors who have brokerage accounts with one of the 28 US banks and brokers
45、 underwriting the stock sale, will be able to apply. Google suffered a setback last month after it re-ported an unexpected slowdown in its huge growth rate. But sources close to Googles founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, said that the tailing-off of growth was due to seasonal factors and would no
46、t affect the IPO.31 According to paragraph 1, the insiders attitude towards Google IPO can be said to be（A）doubtful.（B） confused.（C） pessimistic.（D）confident.32 If Giggle IPO works,（A）a recovery in equity prices will end.（B） the IPO market will be propelled by it.（C） many U.S. firms will purchase ne
47、w equity.（D）a sustained economic growth will take place.33 According to the passage, Googles IPO is to share market recovery as（A）physical examination is to health conditions.（B） GDP is to economic development.（C） diligence is to remarkable success.（D）civilization is to social prosperity.34 The fund
48、 managers had doubts about Google because of the following reasons EXCEPT（A）its high share valuation.（B） the unfavorable timing.（C） its method of share selling.（D）the comedown of its growth rate.35 By the phrase “raised eyebrows within the industry“ (Paragraph 2), we can learn that Google has（A）irri
49、tated its rivals.（B） surprised its counterparts（C） been praised by its counterparts.（D）been resented by its rivals.35 Its no surprise that Jennifer Seniors insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “ I love My Children , I Hate My Life, “ is arousing much chatternothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents
