1、考研英语（写作）模拟试卷 3 及答案与解析Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information. (20 points)1 Write an essay of 160- 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1. describe the drawing briefly, 2. interpret its intended meaning, and then 3. give your
2、 comments. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. 2 Write an essay of 160 - 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1. describe the picture briefly, 2. interpret its intended meaning, and then 3. give your comments. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. 3 Wri
3、te an essay of 160 - 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1. describe the drawing briefly, 2. interpret its intended meaning, and then 3. give your comments. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. 4 Write an essay of 160 -200 words based on the following drawing.
4、 In your essay, you should 1. describe the drawing briefly, 2. interpret its intended meaning, and then 3. give your comments. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. 5 Write an essay of 160 -200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1. describe the drawing briefly, 2.
5、 interpret its intended meaning, and then 3. give your comments. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. 考研英语（写作）模拟试卷 3 答案与解析Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information. (20 points)1 【正确答案】 As is vividly shown in the picture, so burdened with the pressur
6、e of supporting their family, the young couple is trudging down the road. Nowadays, many Chinese families get trapped in such a dilemma, known as the 4 - 2 - 1 family structurea young couple, with no siblings, cares for four aged parents as well as one little kid.The inverted pyramid family structur
7、e has become a new pattern in urban areas, mainly because of the family planning policy enforced in the past three decades. However, as time moves on, the defects hidden in such a family structure come to stand out. For one thing, young couples, both the only child in their families, are overwhelmed
8、 with work and child-raising, lacking manpower to care for their elderly parents, who are thus becoming empty nesters, exposed to loneliness and potential health risks. For another, a low fertility rate almost exactly tracks the emergence of the 4 - 2 - 1 families, further leading to an aging societ
9、y and a shrinking working-age population.A certain number of social issues being incurred, the prospect for the 4 - 2 -1 family structure seems remote. The current situation demands the central and local authorities move with times and establish a brand new and effective population development strat
10、egy.【试题解析】 随着计划生育政策在 20 世纪 80 年代初的实施，中国衍生出一种特殊的家庭结构：42 一 1，即四位老人、一对夫妻外加一个孩子。而图画所描绘的正是这样一个特殊的中国式家庭。我们不难看出，居于最底层的这对年轻夫妻苦苦支撑着圆盘上方的父母和女儿，举步维艰。图画生动形象地展示了现如今大多数年轻夫妻的生活现状。他们承受着整个家庭的重担，不仅要照顾四个年迈的父母，而且要养育年幼的子女。考生在写作时既可分析 421 家庭结构产生的原因，也可论述该家庭结构的弊端，做到言之有据即可。第一段：描述图画，点明主题。先对细节展开描述，继而引出图画主题42 一 1 家庭结构，并解释其内在含义。
11、第二段：深层分析，揭示弊端。首先解释 42 一 1 家庭结构产生的原因，然后深入分析该模式对个人和社会带来的消极影响。第三段：总结评论，发表观点。指出政府应与时俱进，尽快建立新的且有效的人口发展策略。【知识模块】 短文写作2 【正确答案】 A couple of young children are playing around a vigorous old tree. One of them is hanging his arms on the trees branch, another is sitting on the tree, and someone is even carving
12、it with a knife. Lots of characters are marked on the statue as well. Undoubtedly, what these kids do provides a scene of disharmony, being one of a number of threats to the ancient tree and the statue.The picture clearly warns us of the problem that many irreplaceable historical relics are damaged
13、by individuals, whether children or adults. Such unpleasant scenes are not uncommon in many tourist attractions nowadays. Two scandals recently made headlines nationwide: a widely publicized case is the graffiti“ Ding Jinhao was here“ etched into Egypts ancient Luxor temple; the other is that the co
14、pper cylinder of 300 years in the Forbidden City was carved a heart by a couple to show their affection. Why do such unhappy events continue despite repeated prohibition? One explanation is the lax management and ineffective supervision of the related departments. However, the one deserving special
15、mention is the lack of preservation awareness.It is a contemptible action to damage the historical relics at the expense of our cultural heritage. For the sake of ourselves and our descendents, relics preservation consciousness must be cultivated and moral education must be promoted.【试题解析】 图片画面较为复杂，
16、但是各处所传达的信息具有一致性，所以在描述时应先找出主要信息和它们之间的共性，以免描述过于冗杂或者偏离主题。具体而言，图中出现了把双臂吊在树枝上以及坐在树上看风景的行为，也描绘了骑在塑像上拍照玩耍等行为。另外，图中也不乏挥舞折断的树枝、用刀在树上及塑像上刻字等恶劣行为。根据背景信息推断，此处应为观光游览区，而古树和塑像均属历史遗迹。很显然，这些孩子的行为对古迹已然造成了破坏。至此本图的寓意已经清晰可见：控诉人们对旅游景点以及名胜古迹的不加爱护和肆意破坏。第一段：描述图片。图片的细节信息有：孩子们的各种破坏行为以及古树和塑像上的累累伤痕。虽然图中人物行为不一，但性质相同，行文时可重点描述一二个行
17、为，其余简要概括即可。第二段：揭示寓意，充分延展。首先可点明图片寓意；然后联系实际，以人们熟知的事件为例，论证观点；最后可深层分析现象的原因，为末段的呼吁作铺垫。第三段：总结评论。批判破坏遗迹的行为，呼吁培养保护名胜古迹的意识。【知识模块】 短文写作3 【正确答案】 Under the haze stand a male and a female who are wearing masks respectively, being apart for only just half meter. They are stretching their heads, seemingly to find
18、something. After a long, hard stare, they ultimately finds that it is a person who stands opposite. Apparently, a murky haze swallows us around the corner.The picture ironically illustrates how terrible air pollution is. Sadly as it is, the phenomenon in the picture is a daily reality. A survey cond
19、ucted by China Environmental Protection Association shows that the average reading of PM2.5 in major cities of China is hundreds times higher than that in developed countries. Such horrible air conditions are posing a threat to our health and fitness. Dirty air or airborne garbage causes stinging ey
20、es and running nose. Pollutants are hazardous. A notable example is that everyday thousands of people die of lung cancer and asthma caused by air contamination. Some people regard the emergence of air pollution as the side effect of the stimulus-encouraged car-buying spree. However, the real blame s
21、hould be put on the uncontrolled industrial development.Even though the issue whether it is worth sacrificing the environment for the development of economy remains controversial, there is definitely something we can do to save the environment for our own sake, such as taking public transport more o
22、ften and use renewable energy wherever we can.【试题解析】 图片中的一男一女佩戴着夸张的大口罩，面对面站着却在伸头张望，由文字提示可知，他们看不清彼此。这不禁使人联想到近来很热门的空气污染问题：雾霾。众所周知，雾霾会对人体健康造成危害，这也正是图中二人均佩戴口罩的原因防止吸入 PM25。文章的主题由此确立。考生可先对当前的空气状况进行描述，然后着重论述空气污染对人体健康造成的危害并分析造成污染的原因。第一段：描述图片。先对细节展开描述，注意须出现有关雾霾的描述性语句。比如对二者佩戴口罩的描述以及近在咫尺却无法看清彼此的描述。然后引出图画所反映的问题
23、。第二段：结合现实，充分延展。先描述当今雾霾的状况，可给出相关调查或报道中的数据加以佐证，由此引出雾霾的危害性，最后引申到雾霾的成因。第三段：总结评论。呼吁人们为了自身健康保护环境。【知识模块】 短文写作4 【正确答案】 An iceberg marked with “success“ stands on the sea, dazzling under the sunshine. However, under the sea are generally dedication, disappointment, hard work, sacrifice, etc. , unknown to all
24、.The above picture reflects a common phenomenon that people are often attracted by the glory of success, instead of focusing on the hardships behind success. In real life, some people will be confused inevitably by visible success. Actually, many people, on the eve of success, have undergone the suf
25、ferings hard to imagine, including some people of worldwide fame. For instance, though deaf and blind, Helen Keller became a famous writer and educator because of her firm belief, clear objective and constant efforts. Thus it can be seen that it takes a great quantity of hard work and efforts to be
26、successful. People are likely to be deceived by the iceberg illusion, mainly because of the unreality and impatience in the pursuit of success.Apparently, we should treat success objectively by making a breakthrough of mental iceberg. On the one hand, we should realize anyones success cannot be done
27、 at one go. On the other hand, we also need to know success comes not by being willing to sacrifice, but by striving for what you want most.【试题解析】 从图中各元素的关系出发分析这幅图片，其所传达的寓意就会一目了然。图片中，一座冰山横亘在海面上。冰山的一部露出海面，而另一部分则隐藏在海水中。图中的文字清楚地表明人们能看到的是阳光照耀下的代表成功的一部分冰山，看不到的是海水下面人们在通往成功的途中，所经历的奉献、努力、失望、牺牲等艰辛的过程。显而易见，文章
28、用象征手法冰山象征成功，引导人们如何理性看待成功。一方面，要认识到成功需付出非同一般的辛勤和努力；另一方面，也要认识到并不是你愿意付出就能获得成功。需要注意的是，这篇作文虽较易入手，但却容易偏题。考生需挖掘出成功的深层含义，切莫只对成功背后的艰辛展开单一论述。第一段：描述图片。图片的细节信息有：海面上的成功和海面下为成功付出的过程；人们能看到的表面和人们看不到的背后。至于“Persistence”，“Failure”以及“Sacrifice”等都是影响取得成功因素，大可不必一一列出，选出至关重要的几项描述即可。第二段：揭示寓意，充分延展。首先可点明主题，然后联系现实，并辅以名人事例，论证观点，
29、呼应主题。段末可考虑分析该现象产生的原因。第三段：总结评论。引导人们如何客观理性地看待成功。【知识模块】 短文写作5 【正确答案】 In the above picture, most of the numerical values on the left differ slightly, while they seem to be worlds apart after being continuously enlarged. A little bit of seemingly unremarkable changes eventually become the cornerstone of
30、our continuous progress.This picture instructs us in a meaningful philosophy of lifeget a bit of progress everyday and never overlook the power of small actions. Take Zhu Kezhen, a Chinese famous meteorologist, as an example. He persisted in keeping a weather condition journal since about 1917. When
31、 he died, he left a treasure almost beyond measure in the scientific field. It is not hard to make a little bit of progress. What is hard is to go on with a burst of energy. While it may not seem that youre making much progress or that what youre doing is worth it, it is just “a little bit“ , in the
32、 end, that makes your life dignified and substantial. However, in real life, there is always someone who ignores “a little bit“ , anxious for reaching the goal in one step. Actually, those who dont value little actions will move in reverse.Final results of a bit of progress everyday remind us that w
33、e should design concretely and plan carefully, maintaining the self-restraint attitude towards life and the progressive spirit of continuous self-renewal.【试题解析】 考生可以结合图中的数学等式及其对应的汉语提示着手分析这幅图片，从而推出其中深意。首先观察图中数学等式或不等式的共性：左侧的数值基本相差不大，但经过 365 倍的放大之后，细微的差距便成了难以追赶的差距。这正是图片想要传达的深层含义，即写作的主题：每天进步一小步，人生前进一大步；反之，则会加速退步。而图片文字也清楚地表明了勤奋且坚持不懈的重要性，并强调恶习累积终会引发恶果。行文时，考生可联系生活实例，从正反两方面对主题展开论述。第一段：描述图片。侧重于描述图中数学等式或不等式的共性，并进行概括总结，为下文揭示寓意埋下伏笔。至于每个等式或不等式的细节，无需一一点出。第二段：揭示寓意，充分延展。首先可点明主题，然后引入名人事例，论证观点，呼应主题。具体论述时，可考虑从正反两方面入手，即先阐述每天进步一点点带来的益处，后论述轻视微小进步引发的恶果。第三段：总结评论。呼吁人们不断进步并给出正确的做法。【知识模块】 短文写作
