1、考研英语(语法)模拟试卷 13 及答案与解析Grammar1 _ all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen.(A)At(B) In(C) For(D)On2 _of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.(A)To be free(B) To free(C) Freeing(D)Freed3 _quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside t
2、he home.(A)Until(B) Before(C) From(D)Since4 Not only_us light, but also it gives us heat.(A)the sun gives(B) the sun does give(C) gives the sun(D)does the sun give5 _ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.(A)To give(B) Gi
3、ven(C) Giving(D)Having given6 I shall tell you what he_at three oclock yesterday afternoon.(A)was doing(B) did(C) had been doing(D)has done7 Jack wishes that he_ business instead of history when he was in university.(A)studied(B) study(C) had been studying(D)had studied8 Today children_everywhere in
4、 China.(A)take good care of(B) have taken good care of(C) had been taken good care of(D)are being taken good care of9 If you_in such a hurry you_ sugar into the sauce instead of salt.(A)were not, would not put(B) were, would put(C) had been, would have put(D)had not been, would not have put10 The wi
5、nter vacation_over, he got down to his work again.(A)was(B) were(C) had been(D)being11 Jean doesnt want to work right away because she thinks that if she_a job she probably wouldnt be able to see her friends very often.(A)has to get(B) were to get(C) had got(D)could have got12 “John isnt here now. “
6、 “_left by the back door?“(A)Must he have(B) Might he have(C) Had he(D)Should he have13 _ that you were out, I wouldnt have bothered to come all the way at that time of night.(A)If I should know(B) If I know(C) Had I known(D)Were I to know14 _for your help, wed never have been able to get over the d
7、ifficulties.(A)Had it not(B) If it were not(C) Had it not been(D)If we had not been15 After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute_.(A)being settled(B) to be settled(C) had settled(D)as settled16 “Not until science became prominent_be abolished“ , some people argue.(A)did s
8、lavery come to(B) slavery to(C) had slavery come to(D)that slavery came to17 Jane was advised that she_singing lessons.(A)take(B) will take(C) had taken(D)took18 San Francisco is usually cool in summer, but Los Angeles_.(A)is rarely(B) is scarcely(C) hardly is(D)rarely is19 The teacher tells William
9、 that he_work hard next year.(A)will have to(B) would rather(C) has better(D)had rather20 The doctor is feeling the little girls pulse. He says it_ normal.(A)feels(B) is feeling(C) has felt(D)is felt21 My train arrives in New York at eight oclock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _b
10、y then.(A)would leave(B) will have left(C) has left(D)had left22 It_five years since the famous singer left her hometown.(A)was(B) is(C) has passed(D)had been23 While John_, his brother is playing records.(A)reads(B) is reading(C) has read(D)has been reading24 Until then, his family_from him for six
11、 months.(A)didnt hear(B) hasnt been hearing(C) hasnt heard(D)hadnt heard25 She looks like her mother, _?(A)doesnt she(B) isnt she(C) hasnt she(D)wont she26 There has been a great increase in retail sales, _?(A)does there(B) isnt there(C) hasnt there(D)isnt it27 By the time you get to New York, I_for
12、 London.(A)would be leaving(B) am leaving(C) have already left(D)shall have left28 I dont think it advisable that Tom_to the job since he has no experience.(A)is assigned(B) will be assigned(C) be assigned(D)has been assigned29 Many a writer of newspaper articles_to writing novels.(A)has turned(B) h
13、ave turned(C) have been turned(D)has been turned30 The Managing Director said that improving relations with the association would not be easy, but that they_to try.(A)would have decided(B) decide(C) have decided(D)had decided31 “Does anybody want an extra ticket to go to the movies?“ “Who would you
14、rather_ with you, George or me?“(A)to go(B) have go(C) have gone(D)going32 Physics is the present-day equivalent of_ used to be called natural philosophy, from which most of present-day science arose.(A)that(B) all(C) which(D)what33 Thats a nice watch. I wish I_one like it.(A)have(B) had(C) have had
15、(D)can have34 As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think_.(A)ought to be said(B) must say(C) have to be said(D)need to say35 The law requires that everyone_his car checked at least once a year.(A)has(B) would have(C) have(D)will have36 The doctor suggested that your
16、 brother avoid_ his right hand.(A)to be using(B) using(C) having been using(D)to use37 A new technique_, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.(A)working out(B) having worked out(C) having been worked out(D)to have been worked out38 The problem of_to select as his successor was quickly dispo
17、sed of.(A)what(B) whom(C) which(D)how39 All flights_because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train.(A)having been canceled(B) had been canceled(C) having canceled(D)were canceled40 In the course of a day, students do far more than just_classes.(A)attend(B) attended(C) to attend(D)att
18、ending考研英语(语法)模拟试卷 13 答案与解析Grammar1 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 for 在这里意为 “虽然,尽管”,相当于 in spite of,notwithstanding,例如:For all his ef-forts , he didnt succeed虽然他尽了力,但还是没有成功。at,in 和 on 则没有这种意义和用法。【知识模块】 语法2 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据句子结构我们可以看出,该处应使用分词短语,表示原因,因此 A 和 B 应予以排除。又因为 free 和 balloon 具有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以 C 也可以排除。此处使用过去分词表示
19、动作的被动和完成,例如:Influenced by his example,they performed countlessgood deeds在他的事迹的影响下,他们做了无数的好事。【知识模块】 语法3 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 before 、from 和 since 与 quite recently 连用,不符合语法;before quite recently 一般要与过去完成时连用;from(since)quite recently 一般要与现在完成进行时连用。until 用在否定句中表示“直到才”之意,例如:It was not until the beginning of th
20、e century thatman began to realize that it was the brain not the hean that was the center of mind直到本世纪初,人们才逐渐认识到思维活动的中心是大脑而不是心脏。由此可见,A 是正确答案。【知识模块】 语法4 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 当 at no time,by no means,hardly,in no case,in no time,in no way,in vain,neither,never,no sooner,nor ,not once,not only,not until,on n
21、o account,rarely,seldom,un der no condition,under no circumstances 等具有否定意义的词或短语或从句位于句首且做状语时,主谓要颠倒,例如:Not only does she sing like an angel,but also dances divinely她不但歌唱得像天使一样,而且舞跳得也跟天仙一般。由此可见 D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 语法5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 过去分词短语做状语一般要和句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,但是,有时句子中的过去分词虽然和句子主语不是逻辑上的动宾关系,但却符合语法,因为这些过去分词功
22、能相当于一个连词或介词,given 就是其中之一。given 可用作介词,意为“考虑到,假定,假如”,例如:Given the weather,the football game was quite good考虑到天气因素,这场足球赛踢得相当不错。Given that he was still a boy,I forgave him考虑到他还是个孩子,我就原谅他了。【知识模块】 语法6 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 此题旨在考查时态,题中的 at three oclock yesterday afternoon 是明显的一般过去时间状语,因此该题应选 A。【知识模块】 语法7 【正确答案】 D
23、【试题解析】 wish 后可跟宾语从句,从句中使用过去完成时,表示对过去的虚拟。例如:Iwished that I had never met you我要是没有遇见你就好了。 I wish we had been traveling yesterday when the weather was so fine昨天天气很好,我们要是去旅游就好了。【知识模块】 语法8 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 由于在句中做主语的 children 和 take care of 具有逻辑上的动宾关系,因此该处应使用被动语态,所以 A 和 B 不合适。 C 为过去完成时,与时间状语 today 不搭配,可见只有
24、D 为正确答案。【知识模块】 语法9 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据句意,我们可以看出,这里需要使用虚拟语气,表示对一般过去的假设。例如:If the facts had been collected earlier,we would have had more time to study them如果这些材料早些时候就搜集到,我们就会有更多的时间对其进行研究了。If natural resourceshad been fully utilized,industry would have developed more rapidly如果自然资源得到了充分利用,工业的发展就可以更快些了。【知
25、识模块】 语法10 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 在本句中没有任何连词,因此,这里不可能是两个完整的句子,而只能一个是句子主干,另一个是非谓语结构做状语,可见 A、B 和 C 全错。正确答案为 D,因为“thewinter vacation being over”是一独立分词结构,用来做状语,表示时间,例如:Nobodyhaving any more to say, the meeting was closed大家都没有什么可说的了,会议就结束了。【知识模块】 语法11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据句意和句子结构,我们可以看出,think 后面需用虚拟语气,而选项 A 是陈述语气,故与题
26、意不符。选项 D 不能用在虚拟条件从句中,故也应排除。选项 C 须用在与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句中,根据句意我们可以看出,本句的虚拟时间是将来时,因此,C 错误,B 正确,例如: If they were to talk over the problem again,they wouldget the right solution如果他们把这个问题再讨论一次,他们就会找到解决问题的正确办法。H green plants should disappear some day,there would hardly be any life on the earth假如有一天绿色植物消失了,地球上就几
27、乎不会有什么生命了。【知识模块】 语法12 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 句型 might have done 表示过去很小的可能性,例如:A word of encouragementmight have made me respect instead of hate him一句鼓励的话或许就会使我尊敬他而不是仇视他了。句型 must have done 表示对过去情况的肯定推断,意为“一定,想必”。例如:He must have forgotten to wind the clock last night,didnt he?他昨晚准是忘记给表上弦了,不是吗?句型 should have d
28、one 表示“过去应该做但未做”,这是虚拟语气的一种特殊表达方式。例如:You should have snatched a free moment for writing a letter你本应抽空写封信。【知识模块】 语法13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据句意,此处应使用虚拟语气,因此,B 错误。A 尽管使用了虚拟语气,但它表示的是对一般将来情况的虚拟,所以时态不正确。为了表示语气上的强调,在虚拟条件句中可以省略 if,而此时从句应使用倒装结构。例如: Had he taken a litde more time tothink,he might have acted more re
29、asonably如果他再多用一点时间思考一下,他的行为可能会更理智些。尽管 D 也使用了倒装结构,但它表示的是对一般将来的虚拟,时态不正确。可见只有 C 正确。【知识模块】 语法14 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据句子结构,我们可以看出逗号后面是使用了虚拟语气的主句,因此,须填人表示与过去情况相反的虚拟条件句,“if it were not for”这一结构表示同现在事实相反的假设,意为“如果不是”。例如:If it werent for his wifes money,hed never be adirector如果不是他妻子有钱,他永远不会成为一名董事。If it were not f
30、or his help,Iwould never study here如果没有他的帮助,我永远不会在这儿学习。因此,B 错误。“ifit had not been for”的倒装形式为“had it not been for”,表示与过去事实相反的假设,意为 “如果当时没有”,主句谓语形式是“would+have done”,例如:If it hadnot been for DrLi,he would have died of smallpox如果当初不是李医生的话,他已死于天花了。Had it not been for his carelessness,the project wouldnt
31、 have failed如果不是当时他粗心的话,这项工程就不会失败。因此,C 正确,A 错误(如果后跟 been,就是正确的了)。D无此结构。【知识模块】 语法15 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 regard sbsth as 是固定搭配,介词 as 后可跟名词、动名词、过去分词、形容词等,例如:He is regarded as a haughty man because of his reserve他因为沉默寡言,被认为是个傲慢无礼的人。He regards her as being without principles他认为她没有原则。【知识模块】 语法16 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】
32、 如果选 B,则主句中没有谓语动词;如选 D,则会有两个从句,而没有主句。因此,B 和 D 都错误。如果选择 A 或 C,直接引语部分构成一个主从复合句,根据句意,主句表示的动作发生在从句之后,因此,主句中的谓语动词也应使用一般过去时。例如:The greedy old woman ate and ate until she was full up这个贪婪的老太婆不停地吃啊吃,一直吃到很饱为止。另外,需要注意的是,当否定词或含有否定意义的词组位于句首做状语时,主谓颠倒。常见的否定词和具有否定意义的词组有:at no time ,by nomeans,few,hardly,in neither
33、case,in no case,in no time,in no way,in vain,little,neither,never ,no more,no sooner,nor,not,not once,not only,not until,on no account,rarely ,scarcely,seldom,still less,under no condition,under no circumstances 等,例如: Never in my life have I seen such a wonderful place我一生中从来没见过如此美丽的地方。Not only was C
34、hurchill a statesman,but also a great writer丘吉尔不但是一位政治家,而且也是一位伟大的作家。【知识模块】 语法17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 在与advise,ask,beg,decide,demand ,deserve,desire,insist,intend ,maintain,move,order,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest,urge 等表示意见、建议、命令、请求、要求、劝告、愿望、需要等含义的与动词相关的名词性从句中,谓语要使用动词原形或“should+动词原形”,又如:She de
35、cided that she(should)go to Cleveland andsee him她决定到克里夫兰去看他。又如: It is desired that we(should)take all these factots into consideration人们希望我们能够把所有的因素都考虑进去。【知识模块】 语法18 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 本句的内容是对旧金山和洛杉矶两地夏天气温的对比。两个分句之间用 but 来连接,表示前后意思的转折。前面分句中的 usually 是表示频度的副词,意为“经常,通常”,而选项 B 中的 scarcely 和 C 中的 hardly 均是表
36、示程度的副词,因此,B 和 C 都不是正确答案。与 usually 相对应的频度副词是 rarely,这些表示频度的副词一般放在句中的情态动词、助动词或动词 be 之后,主要动词之前,例如:The shop is usually closed at tenpm这家商店通常在晚上 10 点钟打烊。Jinan is rarely cool in summer济南的夏天很少有凉爽的时候。但在省略句中,这类副词必须放在情态动词、助动词或动词 be 之前,例如:Mary always takes much notice of advice,but John rarely does玛丽总是十分注意听取别人
37、的意见,而约翰却很少这么做。John is always strict with himself in everything,butJack never is约翰做任何事情总是严格要求自己,而杰克却从不这样。题目中后面的分句省略了 cool,因此,正确答案应该是 D。【知识模块】 语法19 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 没有 has better 这种用法。“would(had)rather”意为”宁愿,宁可”。例如:Ihad(would)rather not tell you。我还是不告诉你吧。用在此处也不合适。next year 是表示将来的时间状语,与将来时连用,因此 A 是正确答案。【
38、知识模块】 语法20 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 当某些及物动词用作不及物动词时,也往往具有被动含义,这类动词主要有:act, clean, cook,count ,cut,drive,fasten,feel,nll,let,lock,open,peel,read,sell , shut,smoke,wear,write 等,例如:Your pen writes quite smoothly你的笔写起来很流利。The moving parts in the engine must be supplied with lubricating oil so that they willnot we
39、ar out rapidly内燃机内的活动部件,必须供给润滑油,以免部件很快磨损。【知识模块】 语法21 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 在表示“在将来某一时间之前完成的动作”时一般要用将来完成时,例如:Therailway will have been completed by the end of the month那条铁路将于月底建成。【知识模块】 语法22 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 “It is+一段时间+since”句型表示“自以来,有时间了”,例如:Itsa long time since I last ran into you好长时间没有见到你了。【知识模块】 语法23 【正确
40、答案】 B【试题解析】 while 意为“当时候(during the time that)”,它所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词所表示的动作通常和主句中的谓语动词同时发生,例如:You will learn a lot fromhim while you are working with him在你与他共同工作过程中,会从他那里学到很多东西。根据句子结构,B 为唯一正确答案。【知识模块】 语法24 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 then 意为“那时”,相当于“that time”,until then 意为“到那时为止,在那时之前(before that time,by the time)”
41、,可见谓语动词只能使用过去时,故 B和 C 错误。同时还可以看出本句表示的是从过去某个时候开始一直持续到 then 的动作,故应使用完成时。正确答案只有 D,例如: I hadnt seen her ever until then直到那时我才第一次见到她。Id always thought of him as a rather minor poet until then在那以前,我一直以为他是一个不起眼的诗人。【知识模块】 语法25 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 在反意疑问句中,如果陈述部分为肯定形式,后一部分通常要用否定形式;如果陈述部分为否定形式,后一部分要用肯定形式。另外,两部分时态要一
42、致,例如:Mountains can be dangerous,cant they?高山有危险,不是吗?例如:They didnt raisemany subtle questions at the press conference,did they?他们在记者招待会上没有提出很多敏感的问题,是不是?B、C 和 D 时态均与前一部分不一致,因此,只有 A 是正确答案。【知识模块】 语法26 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 主句是 there be 句型,而且是肯定句,加上主句使用了现在完成时,因此,反意疑问部分要使用 hasnt there。例如: There have been a lot o
43、f explanations as to the causes ofpanic attacks,havent there?关于恐惧症的起因,有好多种解释,不是吗?There has beennotable progress in economic cooperation between the two countries,hasnt there? 两国间的经济合作有了显著进展,不是吗?【知识模块】 语法27 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 by the time 可以引导一个时间状语从句,相当于 before,从句中使用一般现在时,可表示一般将来的动作,因此主句一般要使用将来完成时。例如:I s
44、hall have left by thetime you return等你回来时我可能已经走了。 The railway will have been completed by thetime they come next time那条铁路将在他们下次回来前建成。【知识模块】 语法28 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 这是一个带复合宾语的复合句。宾语补足语 advisable 要求其宾语从句用虚拟语气,其谓语部分用“should+动词原形”。【知识模块】 语法29 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 many a 是比较陈旧的说法,后面的名词应用单数,谓语动词也相应用单数,因此 B 和 c 应予以排
45、除,例如:Many a man has sacrificed his life for the cause of liberation许多人为了解放事业献出了生命。D 虽也用单数,但 turn to 一般不用于被动语态,例如:Lu Xun once majored in medicinebut later he turned to writing鲁迅曾经学过医,但后来转向了创作。所以 D 错误而 A 正确。【知识模块】 语法30 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据句意和句子结构,我们可以看出宾语从句的谓语动词 decide 发生在主句谓语动词 said 之前,因此,从句谓语动词只能使用过去完成
46、时,例如:He said that they hadpaid him a visit two days previous to the National Day他说他们在国庆节前两天拜访了他。He said he had forgotten to tell it to her and further,he didnt want to tell her 他说他忘了把那件事告诉她了,而且他也不想告诉她了。I am gratified that they appreciated what I haddone for them我很满意,因为他们很感激我为他们做的事。【知识模块】 语法31 【正确答案】
47、 B【试题解析】 我们首先将第二个句子改写为正常语序的句子:You would rather have whom go withyou,George or me?我们就不难看出 go 是省略了 to 的不定式,做宾语 whom 的补足语。【知识模块】 语法32 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 what 引导的从句相当于一个名词,可作介词的宾语,此时 what 相当于 all that,例如:Were thinking of what we should do next我们在想下一步该做什么。There is sometruth in what he has just said他刚才讲的多少有点道
48、理。that、which 可用来引导宾语从句,但该从句一般不能作介词的宾语,所以 A 和 C错误。B 不能用来引导从句,而只可以作先行词,由 that 引导出其定语从句,例如:Ive brought all that you need我把你需要的东西都拿来了。All that glitters is not gold闪光的并不都是金子。The doctor did allthat was humanly possible医生已尽了全力。因此,all 错误。【知识模块】 语法33 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 wish 后跟宾语从句,从句使用过去完成时,表示对过去的虚拟;使用一般过去时,表示对现在的虚拟;使用“would(should)+动词原形”,表示一种比较委婉、比较客气的请求,例如:I wish we had been traveling yesterday when the weather was so fine昨天天气很好,我们要是去旅游就好了。又如:I wish the sun were shining at the moment要是这个时候阳光灿烂就好了。再如:I wish he would come tomorrow and we could have agood time together我希望他明天会来,那样我们就能痛痛快快