1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 81（无答案）Part ADirections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.1 They are talking about the problems of old people in general.（A）Right（B） Wrong2 It seems ve
2、ry sad that parents should devote themselves to bringing up their children and when they get old, be regarded as a problem.（A）Right（B） Wrong3 The research was mainly carried out in many countries.（A）Right（B） Wrong4 In Britain a widowed mother is considered natural to live with one of her married chi
3、ldren.（A）Right（B） Wrong5 During the last fifty years in Britain, there has been strong resistance to the idea that a widowed mother should live with one of her married children.（A）Right（B） Wrong6 The old people themselves are often in favour of the idea of living with their married children.（A）Right
4、（B） Wrong7 When the old people need care and attention, the situation becomes very difficult.（A）Right（B） Wrong8 Not all the old people can be sent to nursing homes run by the state because the number of such homes is strictly limited.（A）Right（B） Wrong9 We are having an ever smaller working populatio
5、n nowadays because life expectancy is increasing all the time and the birth rate has fallen.（A）Right（B） Wrong10 Professor Taylor is not optimistic about the situation in the future because it is difficult to persuade people to spend a lot of money on nursing homes.（A）Right（B） WrongPart BDirections:
6、You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.11 The author implies that social behavior of baboons is _.（A）predictable（B） practical（C） political（D）primitive12 According to the passage, the researchers were su
7、rprised that chimpanzees had such _.（A）temporary associations（B） humanlike families（C） violent conflicts（D）large harems13 According to the passage, the membership of a chimpanzee band may change several times in a _.（A）day（B） week（C） month（D）year14 The passage mentions all of the following as factor
8、s important to the success of a new food crop EXCEPT the _.（A）practicality of storage of the crop（B） security of the crop yield（C） quality of the crops protein（D）cultural acceptability of the crop15 The author suggests that, in most developing countries, extensive government intervention accompanyin
9、g the introduction of a food innovation will _.（A）usually be sufficient to guarantee the financial success of the innovation（B） be necessary to ensure that the benefits of the innovation will be spread throughout the society（C） normally occur only when the innovation favors large landowners（D）genera
10、lly cost the country more than will be earned by the innovation16 The author provides a sustained argument to support which of the following assertions?（A）Profitability is neither necessary nor sufficient for a new technology to be adopted.（B） Profitability is the key factor guiding technological ch
11、ange.（C） Economic factors and governmental policies strongly influence the ultimate success of any innovation.（D）Innovations carrying high rewards for big agribusiness groups harm the poor.17 What is the main topic of this lecture?（A）Bicycles and cars.（B） Building codes.（C） Energy conservation.（D）Ne
12、w housing construction.18 Why is insulation required in new houses?（A）To limit discussion on heating bills.（B） To prevent heat loss.（C） To determine the temperature in homes.（D）To convert homes to electric heat.19 What is the purpose of building new houses facing north or south?（A）To avoid direct su
13、nlight.（B） To limit space used.（C） To keep out the cold.（D）To conform to other houses.20 What has the city of Davis provided for bicycle riders?（A）Special paths.（B） Resurfaced highways.（C） More parking space.（D）Better street lighting.Part CDirections: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the
14、questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE.You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30.21 Computers can process _ at great speed.22 So any particular computer can als
15、o be made _ without taking up too much room.23 What are computers widely used for in banking?24 What is another development of computers known as?25 Computers are being used more and more in medicine too. The commonest use is for keeping _.26 What is one of the latest development of computer use in
16、hospital?27 What gap is increased owing to the development of computer-assisted diagnose?28 Computers are revolutionizing the work of those who _.29 What can office typists use to make their work easier and more efficient?30 What does the passage mainly talk about?一、Section II Use of English (15 min
17、utes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 Another early Native American tribe in (31) is now the southwestern part of the United States was the Anasazi. By A.D. 800 the Anasazi Indians were construc
18、ting multistory pueblos-massive, stone apartment compounds. Each (32) was virtually a stone town, (33) is why the Spanish would later (34) them pueblos, the Spanish word (35) towns. These pueblos represent one of the Anasazis supreme achievements. At least a dozen large stone houses (36) shape below
19、 the bluffs of Chaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico. They were built with masonry walls more than a meter thick and adjoining apartments to (37) dozens, even hundreds, of families. The largest, later named Pueblo Bonito (Pretty Town) (38) the Spanish, rose in five terraced stories, contained more th
20、an 800 rooms, and could have housed a population of 1,000 or (39). Besides living quarters, each (40) included one or more kivas circular underground chambers faced with stone. They functioned (41) sanctuaries where the elders met to plan festivals, perform ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, (42)
21、 impart tribal lore to the younger generation. Some (43) were enormous. Of the 30 or so at Pueblo Bonito, two measured 20 meters across. They contained niches for ceremonial objects, a central fire pit, and holes in the floor for communicating (44) the spirits of tribal ancestors.Each pueblo represe
22、nted an astonishing amount of well-organized labor. Using only stone and wood (45), and without benefit of wheels or draft animals, the builders quarried ton upon ton of sandstone (46) the canyon walls, cut it into small blocks, hauled the blocks to the construction site, and fitted them together wi
23、th mud mortar. Roof beams of pine or fir had to be (47) from logging areas in the mountain forests many kilometers (48). Then, to connect the pueblos and to give (49) to the surrounding tableland, the architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces. In ti
24、me, the roads reached (50) to more than 80 satellite villages within a 60 kilometer radius.Part ADirections: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 People in the United States are becoming more and more
25、 aware of the influence of the automobile on their lives. The automobile has an influence on social life, on the economy, and on the environment. It is particularly its influence on the environment that people are increasingly worrying about. It has become obvious that the automobile contributes to
26、air and noise pollution, traffic congestion, urban decay, and suburban sprawl, and that it has kept mass transit systems from developing.People are not so aware, however, of the relation between the automobile and energy problems. In the past few years the country has had energy problems such as bro
27、wnouts and blackouts, fuel shortages, rising fuel prices, and bad effects on the environment caused by producing energy and converting it from one form to another.These energy problems are in fact closely related to the automobile. An enormous amount of energy, supplied mainly by petroleum, is requi
28、red by the automobile. In fact, the automobile is responsible for 25 percent of the total energy consumption in the United States.Gasoline is only part of the energy required. It also takes energy to manufacture the automobile in the first place. Then it must be transported to dealers who advertise
29、and sell it, all of which takes energy. Energy is also required to make replacement parts for automobile repair. Once the car is on the road, energy still must go into producing gasoline for it. Oil fields must be discovered. Oil must be pumped to the surface and refined. And think of the energy req
30、uired annually to build and maintain highways and roads.All together the energy requirements of a car are about 50 percent for gasoline and 50 percent for all these other needs that we have just mentioned. The question is, what can we do about all this? What can we do to lower this figure, to conser
31、ve energy resources so as to reduce air pollution and help solve both our energy and automobile problems?The most important thing we can do is to promote changes in passenger transportation. Bicycles are 22 times as energy-efficient as cars, walking 18 times, buses almost 4 times, and railroads 2.5
32、times. Only airplanes are less energy-efficient than cars. If we promote such changes, we wont only conserve energy. We will also reduce the crowding and noise in the cities and we can use land for parks instead of for parking lots.It will take time for such changes to come about. Fortunately the sa
33、le of bicycles is increasing. And one thing we can do immediately is to increase the energy-efficiency of cars by using smaller cars and carrying more passengers.These changes that have just been suggested will require other changes in our society too, which some people may resist. It will not be ea
34、sy to make these changes. But consider the alternatives.51 What is this text mainly about?（A）The effects of automobiles on the environment.（B） The importance of automobiles to peoples lives.（C） The problem of energy shortage.（D）The importance of energy conservation.52 Which of the following consumes
35、 most energy?（A）Cars.（B） Buses.（C） Planes.（D）Trains.53 Which of the following statements is not true?（A）The large number of cars makes public transportation less necessary.（B） The best thing we can do to save energy is to encourage the use of bikes.（C） Energy consumption of automobiles accounts for
36、the main energy shortage problem in the U.S.（D）If we reduce the use of automobiles, we will have more land for parks.54 Energy is required in all of the following except _.（A）making automobiles（B） repairing automobiles（C） transporting automobiles（D）advertising automobiles55 What is the probable mean
37、ing of the word “blackouts“ in the second paragraph?（A）The problem of dim light caused by shortage of power.（B） Excessive use of electric power.（C） A sudden darkness caused by shortage of power supply.（D）Poor quality of electric power.56 Years of watching and comparing bright children and those not
38、bright, or less bright, have shown that they are very different kinds of people. The bright child is curious about life and reality, eager to get in touch with it, embrace it, unite himself with it. There is no wall, no barrier between him and life. The dull child is far less curious, far less inter
39、ested in what goes on and what is real, more inclined to live in worlds of fantasy. The bright child likes to experiment, to try things out. He lives by the maxim that there is more than one way to skin a cat. If he cant do something one way, hell try another. The dull child is usually afraid to try
40、 at all. It takes a good deal of urging to get him to try even once; if that try fails, he is through.The bright child is patient. He can tolerate uncertainty and failure, and will keep trying until he gets an answer. When all his experiments fail, he can even admit to himself and others that for th
41、e time being he is not going to get an answer. This may annoy him, but he can wait. Very often, he does not want to be told how to do the problem or solve the puzzle he has struggled with, because he does not want to be cheated out of the chance to figure it out for himself in the future. Not so the
42、 dull child. He cannot stand uncertainty or failure. To him, an unanswered question is not a challenge or an opportunity, but a threat. If he cant find the answer quickly, it must be given to him, and quickly; and he must have answers for everything. Such are the children of whom a second-grade teac
43、her once said, “But my children like to have questions for which there is only one answer“. They did; and by a mysterious coincidence, so did she.The bright child is willing to go ahead on the basis of incomplete understanding and information. He will take risks, sail uncharted seas, explore when th
44、e landscape is dim, the landmarks few, the light poor. To give only one example, he will often read books he does not understand in the hope that after a while enough understanding will emerge to make it worthwhile to go on. In this spirit some of my fifth graders tried to read Moby Dick. But the du
45、ll child will go ahead only when he thinks he knows exactly where he stands and exactly what is ahead of him. If he does not feel he knows exactly what an experience will be like, and if it will not be exactly like other experiences he already knows, he wants no part of it. For while the bright chil
46、d feels that the universe is, on the whole, a sensible, reasonable, and trustworthy place, the dull child feels that it is senseless, unpredictable, and treacherous. He feels that he can never tell what may happen, particularly in a new situation, except that it will probably be bad.56 If the dull c
47、hild fails in the first attempt, he will _.（A）try again（B） be encouraged to go on（C） get advice from others（D）lose confidence57 What does the rod “maxim“ in the first paragraph most probably mean?（A）Example.（B） Principle.（C） Tolerance.（D）Understanding.58 Why does the bright child refuse to get help
48、from others even when he fails?（A）Because he is confident of his own ability.（B） Because he looks down upon other people.（C） Because he wants to have another chance to try by himself.（D）Because he is willing to have difficulties all his life.59 According to the author, the reason why some fifth grad
49、e students want to read “Moby Dick“ is probably that _.（A）they enjoy reading a difficult book and understanding it bit by bit（B） they think the book is well-written and worth reading（C） they want to show off their ability to their teachers（D）they are fond of taking risks and trying everything by themselves60 It is implied but not stated in the text that _.（A）when the dull child doesnt know what will happen, he is sure that the situation will be a bad one.（B） some teachers like to provide answers to their students,
