1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 597（无答案）一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Pressure in Modern Life. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 现代生活充满压力；2压力对人身心的影响；3如何缓解压力。 二、Part II Reading Comp
2、rehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the st
3、atement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.1 Where Have All the People Gone?Germans are getting used to a new kind of immigrant. In 1998, a pack of Wolves crossed the Neisse River on the Polish-German border. In the empt
4、y landscape of eastern Saxony, dotted with abandoned mines and declining villages, the wolves found plenty of deer and few humans. Five years later, a second pack split from the original, so therere now two families of wolves in the region. A hundred years ago, a growing land-hungry population kille
5、d off the last of Germanys wolves. Today, its the local humans whose numbers are under threat.Villages are empty, thanks to the regions low birth rate and rural flight. Home to 22 of the worlds 25 lowest fertility rate countries, Europe will lose 30 million people by 2030, even with continued immigr
6、ation. The biggest population decline will hit rural Europe. As Italians, Spaniards, Germans and others produce barely three-fifths of children needed to maintain status quo, and as rural flight sucks people Europes suburbs and cities, the countryside will lose a quarter of its population. The impli
7、cations of this demographic (人口的) change will be far- reaching.Environmental ChangesThe postcard view of Europe is of a continent where every scrap of land has long been farmed, fenced off and settled. But the continent of the future may look rather different. Big parts of Europe will renaturalize.
8、Bears are back in Austria. In Swiss Alpine valleys, farms have been receding and forests are growing back. In parts of France and Germany, wildcats and wolves have re-established their ranges.The shrub and forest that grow on abandoned land might be good for deer and wolves, but is vastly less speci
9、es-rich than traditional farming, with its pastures, ponds and hedges. Once shrub cover everything, you lose the meadow habitat. All the flowers, herbs, birds, and butterflies disappear. A new forest doesnt get diverse until a couple of hundred years old.All this is not necessarily an environmentali
10、sts dream it might seem. Take the Greek village of Prastos. An ancient hill town, Prastos once had 1000 residents, most of them working the land, Now only a dozen left, most in their 60s and 70s. The school has been closed since 1988. Sunday church bells no longer ring. Without farmers to tend the f
11、ields, rain has washed away the once fertile soil. As in much of Greece, land that has been orchards and pasture for some 2000 years is now covered with dry shrub that, in summer, frequently catches fire.Varied Pictures of Rural DepopulationRural depopulation is not new. Thousands of villages like P
12、restos dot Europe, the result of a century or more of emigration, industrialization, and agricultural mechanization. But this time its different because never has the rural birth rate so low. In the past, a farmer could usually find at least one of his offspring to take over the land. Today, the cha
13、nces are that he has only a single son or daughter, usually working in the city and rarely willing to return. In Italy, more than 40% of the countrys 1.9 million farmers are at least 65 years old. Once they die out, many of their farms will join the 6 million hectares-one third of Italys farmland-th
14、at has already been abandoned.Rising economic pressures, especially from reduced government subsidies, will amplify the trend. One third of Europes farmland is marginal, from the cold northern plains to the dry Mediterranean (地中海) hills. Most of these farmers rely on EU subsides, since its cheaper t
15、o import food from abroad. Without subsidies, some of the most scenic European landscapes wouldnt survive. In the Austrian or Swiss Alps, defined for centuries by orchards, cows, high mountain pastures, the steep valleys are labor-intensive to farm, with subsidies paying up to 90% of the cost. Acros
16、s the border in France and Italy, subsidies have been reduced for mountain farming. Since then, across the southern Alps, villages have emptied and forests have grown back in. Outside the range of subsidies, in Bulgaria, Romania and Ukraine, big tracts of land are returning to wild.Big ChallengesThe
17、 truth is varied and interesting. While many rural regions of Europe are emptying out, others will experience something of a renaissance. Already, attractive areas within driving distance of prosperous cities are seeing robust revivals, driven by urban flight and an in-flooding of childless retirees
18、. Contrast that with less-favored areas, from the Spanish interior to eastern Europe. These face dying villages, abandoned farms and changes in the land not seen for generations. Both types of regions will have to cope with steeply ageing population and its accompanying health and service needs. Rur
19、al Europe is the laboratory of demographic changes.For governments, the challenge has been to develop policies that slow the demographic decline or attract new residents. In some places such as Britain and France, large parts of countryside are reviving as increasingly wealthy urban middle class in
20、search of second homes recolonises villages and farms. Villages in central Italy are counting on tourism to revive their town, turning farmhouses into hostels for tourists and hikers.But once baby boomers start dying out around 2020, populations will start to decline so sharply that there simply won
21、t be enough people to reinvent itself. Its simply unclear how long current government policies can put off the inevitable.“We are now talking about civilized depopulation. We just have to make sure that old people we leave behind are taken care of.“ Says Mats Johansson of Royal Institute of Technolo
22、gy in Stockholm. The biggest challenge is finding creative ways to keep up services for the rising proportion of seniors. When the Austrian village of Klaus, thinly spread over the Alpine foothills, decided it could no longer afford a regular public bus service, the community set up a public taxi-on
23、-demand service for the aged. In thinly populated Lapland where doctors are few and far between, tech-savvy Finns the rising demand for specialized health care with a service that uses videoconferencing and the Internet for remote medical examination.Another pioneer is the village of Aguaviva, one o
24、f rapidly depopulating areas in Spain. In 2000, Mayor Manznanares began offering free air-fares and housing for foreign families to settle in Aguvivia. Now the mud-brown town of about 600 has 130 Argentine and Romanian immigrants, and the towns only school has 54 pupils. Immigration was one solution
25、 to the problem. But most foreign immigrants continue to prefer cities. And within Europe migration only exports the problem. Western European look towards eastern Europe as a source for migrants, yet those countries have ultra-low birth rates of their own.Now the increasingly worried European gover
26、nments are developing policies to make people have more children, from better childcare to monthly stipends (津贴) linked lo family size. But while these measures might raise the birth rate slightly, across the much of the ageing continent there are just too few potential parents around.2 The current
27、rural depopulation in Europe is the result of long-term emigration and industrialization. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG3 The demographic change in rural Europe will have a negative effect on every aspect of the local economy from tourist industry income to agricultural outputs. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG4 The general view o
28、f Europe is likely to change from cultivated farm-land to growing shrubs and forests with species-poor wildlife such as wildcats, bears, deer and wolves. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG5 Many rural regions in Europe, such as the Greek village of Prastos, are plagued with environmental hazards as more and more field
29、s lay unattended. （A）Y（B） N（C） NG6 Largely because of very low birth rate, _ of farmland in Italy has already been abandoned. 7 Besides low birth rate, _ is another factor that fuels the trend of rural population in parts of Europe. 8 Some attractive rural regions not far from the cities are witness
30、ing a certain _ , as more and more childless seniors move towards cities. 9 The governments polices to attract new residents and slow depopulation process might become futile once _. 10 _ are two examples of finding creative ways to keeping up services for the rapidly aging population in rural Europ
31、e. 11 The mayor of a Spanish town once tried to use free air passage and housing to _. Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation a
32、nd the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.（A）He doesnt know what tools to bring.（B） He doesnt mind helping the woman.（C） The woman wont have to carry
33、 the tools.（D）The donkeys will carry the womans personal items.（A）They have a narrow range of topics to discuss.（B） They bring up the most important issue.（C） They have interesting topics to discuss.（D）They have little knowledge.（A）Write Daisy a note of apology.（B） Return Daisys notes in a few days.
34、（C） Apologize when Daisy is less angry.（D）Let her talk to Daisy about the situation.（A）Go to a meeting of the fencing club.（B） Watch a fencing match.（C） Review for an exam.（D）Attend a physical education class.（A）Speed.（B） Concentration.（C） Strength.（D）Agility.（A）Both are fast-moving sports.（B） Both
35、depend on good tactics.（C） Both provide a lot of exercise.（D）Both require a lot of training.（A）The mans graduation.（B） The couples engagement.（C） The mans smoking.（D）The mans stress.（A）That the man rethink their plans.（B） That the man see a family doctor.（C） That the man see a psychiatrist.（D）That t
36、he man concentrate on his studies.（A）Patient.（B） Surprised.（C） Worried.（D）Irritated.（A）That she has stopped smoking.（B） That she does not want to get married.（C） That she has asked the man to quit smoking many times.（D）That she is not in love with the man.Section BDirections: In this section, you wi
37、ll hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.（A）Probing into the privacy of famous people.（B） Shor
38、t articles about less important events.（C） Colorful pictures and smaller size.（D）All above.（A）The Daily Star.（B） The Times.（C） The Daily Telegraph.（D）The Daily Minor.（A）The Independent.（B） The Financial Times.（C） The Daily Mirror.（D）The Daily Telegraph.（A）They were small.（B） They were fuel-efficient
39、.（C） They were oil consuming.（D）They were not attractive.（A）They couldnt get enough income to keep them running.（B） Young people couldnt afford to pay the tuition fees.（C） Keeping them running at the same level would cast much more.（D）Social services need more state funds because of the recession.（A
40、）Young people couldnt afford their own tuition in the 1970s.（B） Fewer parents could afford to send their children to college in the 1970s.（C） Its difficult for graduates from colleges to find a job in the 1970s.（D）Institutions of higher education depend mainly on government in the 1970s.（A）Students
41、from America.（B） Students from England.（C） Students from Australia.（D）Students from Japan.（A）Those who know how to program computers.（B） Those who get special aid from their teachers.（C） Those who are very hardworking.（D）Those who have well-educated parents.（A）Japanese students study much harder tha
42、n Columbian students.（B） Columbian students score higher than Japanese students in math.（C） Columbian students are more optimistic about their math skills.（D）Japanese students have better conditions for study.（A）Physics.（B） Mathematics.（C） Environmental science.（D）Life science.Section CDirections: I
43、n this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. Fo
44、r blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 32 When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to th
45、e world by publishing it, keep the idea secret, or (36)_ it.A granted patent is the result of a (37)_ struck between an inventor and the state, by which the inventor gets a limited period of (38)_ and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period (39)_.Only in the most (40)
46、_ circumstances is the life span of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events.A patent remains (41)_ public after it has terminated. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of (42)_ a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding viola
47、tion of any other inventors right is to steal and use a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form permanently (43)_ further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other areas of print. (44)_.Anyone closely involved in patents and inventions so
48、on learns that most new ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. (45)_ that makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording dates back to 1886.(46)_. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.Section ADirect
49、ions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not us
