[医学类试卷]医师三基基本理论(药理学)模拟试卷9及答案与解析.doc

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医师三基基本理论(药理学)模拟试卷 9 及答案与解析1 因可能加重排尿困难,阿托品禁用于前列腺肥大者。(A)正确(B)错误2 新斯的明可拮抗琥珀胆碱的肌松作用。(A)正确(B)错误3 肾上腺素为治疗过敏性休克的首选药。(A)正确(B)错误4 药物5 首关消除6 药物消除半衰期7 生物利用度医师三基基本理论(药理学)模拟试卷 9 答案与解析1 【正确答案】 A2 【正确答案】 B3 【正确答案】 A4 【正确答案】 药物是指可以改变或查明机体的生理功能及病理状态,可用于预防、诊断和治疗疾病的物质。5 【正确答案】 首关消除从胃肠道吸收入门静脉系统的药物在到达全身血液循环前必先通过肝脏,如果肝脏对其代谢能力很强,或由胆汁排泄的量大,则使进入全身血液循环内的有效药量明显减少,这种作用称为首关消除,也称首过代谢或首过效应。6 【正确答案】 药物消除半衰期是血浆药物浓度下降一半所需要的时间。7 【正确答案】 生物利用度经任何用药途径给予一定剂量的药物后到达全身血液循环内药物的百分率称生物利用度,即生物利用度=AD100 (A 为体内药物总量,D 为用药剂量)。

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