1、2014 年上半年中学教师资格认定考试（高级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷（精选）及答案与解析一、单项选择题1 Sip and zip, tip and dip, map and nap are all_.（A）minimal pairs（B） diphthongs（C） allophones（D）phonemes2 Which of the following words in bold is pronounced with a falling tone?（A）Do you have any specials?（B） Youre kidding . he has lost his job?
2、（C） When will we have the exam, today or tomorrow?（D）The flat has a kitchen, a living room, two bedrooms, and a bath.3 Wed better makes a clear between competence and performance for the convince of our discussion.（A）separation（B） division（C） distinction（D）difference4 It has been suggested that all
3、government officials_information on their income.（A）dissent（B） disclose（C） unfold（D）uncover5 The children lined up and walked out_.（A）in person（B） in private（C） in order（D）in progress6 It was not until dawn_the snowcapped peak in the remote area in Tibet.（A）that they sighted（B） did the sight（C） that
4、 they did not sight（D）had they sighted7 _enough time and money, the investigators would have been able to discover more evidence in this case.（A）Giving（B） Given（C） To give（D）Being given8 Criticism and self-criticism are necessary_they may help us to find out and correct our mistakes.（A）by that（B） at
5、 that（C） on that（D）in that9 What maxim is flouted in such extreme example of tautologies as “Boys are boys“, and “Lies are lies“?（A）The maxim of quantity.（B） The maxim of quality.（C） The maxim of relevance.（D）The maxim of manner.10 Sociolinguists study varieties of language and, accordingly, will be
6、 interested in the analysis of all of the following EXCEPT_.（A）regional dialect（B） register（C） figures of speech（D）social dialect11 In a listening activity, students are asked to note down the time and places of events. The aim of this activity is to develop the skill of_.（A）listening for gist（B） li
7、stening for specific information（C） listening for structure（D）listening for vocabulary12 Which of the following can NOT be used as a pre-reading task?（A）Predicting what a passage is about.（B） Creating a word web related to a topic.（C） Listening to the recording of a passage.（D）Sharing what is alread
8、y known about a topic.13 Which of the following does a teacher want his / her students to develop if he / she guides them to take notes key words, abbreviations and symbols?（A）Cultural awareness.（B） Language awareness.（C） Learning strategies.（D）Language knowledge.14 If a teacher gives commands in En
9、glish and asks students to show understanding by action or gestures, he / she is most probably using_.（A）Communicative Approach（B） Audio-lingual Approach（C） Grammar Translation Method（D）Total Physical Response15 According to The National English Curriculum Standards, the language knowledge students
10、are required to learn consists of phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, _.（A）function and theme（B） culture and society（C） literature and linguistics（D）discourse and genre16 There are two syllables in the word “motto“. occurs in both syllables, but the first one is longer than the second because_.（A）it is
11、stressed（B） it comes before a consonant（C） it is in the first syllable（D）it comes between two consonants17 Which of the following should a teacher avoid when using an ELT course book?（A）Selecting appropriate supporting materials and resources.（B） Interpreting curriculum goals and its expectations fo
12、r the course.（C） Planning lessons in relation to specific goals, topics, texts, and tasks.（D）Implementing everything in the book without considering students needs and levels.18 To assess how well students are able to apply what they have learned in completing a given task, a teacher would use_asses
13、sment.（A）performance（B） self（C） competence（D）peer19 Popular as it might be, the Presentation-Practice-Production teaching model is not considered appropriate in teaching_.（A）phonetics（B） grammar（C） vocabulary（D）reading20 If a teacher starts with language examples and guides students to work out the
14、rules, he / she is using the_method.（A）deductive（B） conducive（C） inductive（D）constructive20 Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Croup said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged i
15、n what is called self-gifting. Thats up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The Nationals Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.The latest
16、 step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.THE POST-BUST (破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement. Americans have labored to save money and hack
17、 away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192
18、 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits: self-abnegation.After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-g
19、ifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Lets say youve been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available? Besides, its not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure.
20、 An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparisons sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.After a long period of economic madness (remember the housing bubble and the dotcom mess), self-gifting is a sign of m
21、uch-needed economic rationality. Shopping for others involves a certain amount of wrong guesswork with negative financial consequence. This year, for example, CEB Tower Croup claims that Americans will load $110 billion onto gift cards and give them as presents. But the market-research firm says tha
22、t about 1.6 percent of that total, about $1.7 billion, will go used. Meanwhile, a large percentage of gifts wind up getting of people reported returning at least some of their gifts. Returns induce guilt and raise the specter of uncomfortable conversations about what happened to that giant striped s
23、weater. But more significant, returns are bad for the environment. They lead to more trips to the mall, higher shipping costs, and the unnecessary use of packaging materials.These days, the rise of e-commerce means shopping is now antiseptic: sit and click. With the charm gone, we have to come up wi
24、th other ways to make the experience pleasurable.As the song goes, “Have yourself a merry little Christmas“.21 What have the retail research and surveys revealed about self-gifting?（A）It hasnt helped improve balance sheets.（B） It is an age-old practice for most Americans.（C） It has been on the rise
25、since the recent recession began.（D）It has reflected the American tradition of self-abnegation.22 What did the author intend to illustrate by citing a comparison from an NRF survey on the expenses of a typical self-gifter and those of a typical shopper?（A）Self-gifters were only interested in self-pl
26、easure.（B） Self-gifting could be a sign of abstemiousness.（C） Self-gifting was very conducive to living frugally.（D）Self-gifters bought things both for themselves and for others.23 What does the underlined word “aggregate“ in PARAGRAPH 3 most probably mean?（A）Gigantic（B） Heavy（C） Total（D）Maximum24 W
27、hat does the underlined word “them“ in PARAGRAPH 5 refer to?（A）Gift cards（B） Americans（C） $110 million（D）CEB Tower Group projects25 What is the authors attitude toward online self-gifting?（A）Unclear（B） Neutral（C） Negative（D）Supportive25 AMONG CHINA S greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves nea
28、r Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice tha
29、t many visitors.The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall painting.To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digi
30、tize the site. Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington,D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking “virtual“ Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, cl
31、ose-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, “Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World-Greek and Roman, Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese-constantly interacted for a millennium,“ said Mimi Gate
32、s, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. “High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China.“A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasure. Among
33、the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned $40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requi
34、res 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter fresco, and there are 492 caves with murals inside. But the Sackler exhibit proved how enthralling the single virtual cave can be.Real caves provide no light bulbs. Once they reach critical levels of moisture and temperature, they are shut to the publi
35、c. Only a few dozen caves are accessible at any given time. But the Sacklers virtual tour was different. One of the most popular features was the “magnifying glass“, which can zoom in on, say, a zither depicted in a mural. The instrument appears to pop out of the wall, enlarge, and then rotate in sp
36、ace. Visitors can also “flip“ back and forth between the intricate Tang-dynasty mural and a later, cruder Sung-dynasty fresco.To help Cave 220s Tang dancer painting magically come to life, two Chinese performers were flown to the Applied Laboratory for Interactive Visualization and Embodiment (ALIVE
37、) in a Hong Kong university. For three days the dancers were filmed performing intricate steps, fluid movements, and careful manipulation of long, sinuous ribbons. They appeared in the Sackler tour,dancing as if in midair, clad in brightly colored Tang costume. ALIVEs project manager said while hes
38、become intimately familiar with the images Cave 220, he hasnt been there yet. “I cant wait to visit the real thing“.26 Which of the following factors mentioned in the article may cause a severe damage to the Buddhist caves today?（A）Antiquities hunters.（B） Environmental damage.（C） The number of touri
39、sts.（D）Visitors exceeding the optimal number.27 Which of the following would NOT experienced by visitors in the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington,DC?（A）Background music and sound.（B） Color and delicacy of treasures.（C） Genuine interaction with treasures.（D）Enthralling performance of flying bod
40、hisattvas.28 What does the underlined phrase “this artistic treasure“ in PARAGRAPH 4 refer to?（A）Dunhuang.（B） Early Chinese art.（C） Indian and Chinese art.（D）Persian and Middle Eastern art.29 What does the underlined word “daunting“ in PARAGRAPH 5 probably mean?（A）Limited.（B） Intimidating.（C） Very b
41、road.（D）Rather exciting.30 Which of the following is the best title for this article?（A）Digital Tourism in Future China（B） IT in Art M. Sackler s Virtual Tour（C） IT and Presentation of Chinas Mogao Grottoes（D）Chinas Fabled Mogao Grottoes Turn to Digital Tourism二、简答题31 根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。简述写作教学中“ 范文”
42、 的作用，并说明范文在教学中的使用步骤及每个步骤的教学目标。三、教学情境分析题32 根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。某教师在完成一篇关于旅行的课文教学后，要求学生做下列练习。Choose words from the list to complete the sentences. Use your dictionary if necessary; travel cruise trip voyage journey tour expedition1) We went on a sightseeing_round London.2) Were going on a day_ to the c
43、ountry.3) The return_from Spain took 36 hours.4) We went on a Mediterranean_and the ship was very comfortable.5) At the moment he s away on a business_.6) We had a good flight but the train_was awful.根据所给信息从下面两个方面作答：(1)分析此练习的目的(至少三个) ；(2)从至少三个角度说明此类练习对语言学习和使用的意义。2014 年上半年中学教师资格认定考试（高级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试
44、卷（精选）答案与解析一、单项选择题1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查语音学知识。最小对比对(minimal pairs)是指只有一个音素不同的一组单词。sipsip和 sipsip，tiptip和 dipdip，mapmip 和 nap 都是最小对比对。其他选项，diphthong“双元音”，allophone“ 音位变体”，phoneme“音位，音素”，故选 A。2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查句子语调。陈述句和特殊疑问句用降调。一般疑问句用升调。选择疑问句 or 前面的词用升调。一句话中列举并列单词时除最后一个用降调外，其余全用升调。故选 C。3 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考
45、查名词辨析。句意为“为了方便讨论，我们最好_能力和表现”。separation“分离”，division“分割，划分”， distinction“区分，区别”，difference“差异，差别”。根据句意，应该是先区分能力和表现故选 C。4 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查动词辨析。句意为“政府官员应_他们的工资信息”。dissent“不同意”；disclose“ 揭露，公开”，侧重指揭露或泄露鲜为人知或保密的事；unfold“展开，展现 ”；uncover 主要指移去遮盖物让东西显露出来，也可指揭露阴谋秘密等。根据句意，应该是使工资信息公开化，故 B 符合语境及句意。5 【正确答案】 C【
46、试题解析】 考查介词短语辨析。句意为“学生们排成一队并_走出来”。in person“亲自”。in private“私下地，秘密地”，in order“按顺序”，in progress“进展”。根据句意，应该是排成一队按顺序走出来,故选 C。6 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查强调句。句意为“在西藏，直到黎明他们才看到远处被雪覆盖的白皑皑的山峰”。该强调句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分，此句型中 It is/was not已经是否定句了 that 后面的句子要用肯定式。且须用陈述句语序。故选 A。7 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查非谓语动词。
47、investigators 和 give 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作条件状语相当于 If (the investigators were)given。句意为“如果给调查者足够的时间和资金，他们就可以在这个案子中发现更多的证据了”。8 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 考查固定搭配。句意为“批评与自我批评是必要的，它们可以帮助我们发现并改正错误”。in that“因为”，符合句子逻辑。故选 D。9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 考查对交际中合作准则的理解。美国哲学家格莱斯 Paul Grice 认为，在所有的言语交际活动中，说话人和听话人之间为达到某一个共同的交际目标，都有一种默契，一种双方
48、都应遵守的原则，即合作原则，包括以下四条准则：数量准则、质量准则、关联准则和方式准则。数量准则(The maxim of quantity)：自己所说的话达到所要求的详尽程度；不能使自己所说的话比所要求的更详细。质量准则(The maxim of qualitv)：不要说自己认为不真实的话；不要说自己缺乏足够证据的话。关联准则(The maxim of relevance)：说话要贴切。方式准则(The maxim of manner)：避免晦涩的词语；避免歧义；说话要简要；说话要有条理。题干问的是“Boys are boys”和“Lies are lies”这两个同义重复的极端例子违反了哪个
49、准则。题干中“男孩是男孩”“谎言是谎言”表达不够详尽，所以违反了数量准则，故选 A。10 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查对社会语言学的理解。社会语言学属于语言学的一个分支，主要研究语言与社会的关系，以及语言使用者所在的社会结构与语言使用之间的关系。其研究包括地域方言(regional dialect) 、语域(register)、社会方言(social dialect)、个人语言(idiolect)等，但是不包括对 figures of speech“比喻”的研究。故选 C。11 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 考查听力教学。事件发展的时间和地点为细节信息，所以在听力课堂中要求学生记下事件发展的时间和地点是为了提高学生听确切信息的能力。故选B。12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 考查阅读教学。在读前环节，教师需要向学生介绍主题，引起学生的兴趣，向学生讲授关键的词句，介绍背景知识，帮助学生消除文化障碍，以便更好地理解文
