1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 86 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 Large companies need a way to reach the saving of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we
3、 know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. T
4、his they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the saving of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally plac
5、ed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this co
6、untry could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to
7、finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange.There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must
8、come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.1 Almost all companies involved in new production and development must_.（A）rely on their own financial resources（B） persuade the banks to provide long-ter
9、m finance（C） borrow large sums of money from friends and people they know（D）depend on the population as a whole for finance2 The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is_.（A）repaid to its original owners as soon as possible（B） raised by the selling of shares in the comp
10、anies（C） exchanged for part ownership in The Stock Exchange（D）invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange3 When the savers want their money back they_.（A）ask another company to obtain their money for them（B） look for other people to borrow money from（C） put their shares in the company back
11、 on the market（D）transfer their money to more successful company4 All the essential services on which we depend are_.（A）run by the Government or our local authorities（B） in constant need of financial support（C） financed wholly by rates and taxes（D）unable to provide for the needs of the population5 T
12、he Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries_.（A）to borrow as much money as they wish（B） to make certain everybody saves money（C） to raise money to finance new developments（D）to make certain everybody lends money to them5 There is a popular be
13、lief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much prioritize it must be given over general language de
14、velopment and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling.If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teachers interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play sa
15、fe“. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. Thats why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writin
16、g about a personal experience: “This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible (难以辨认的).“ It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupils technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, wh
17、ich contained some beautiful expressions of the childs deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the childs ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improv
18、ement.6 Teachers are different in their opinions about_.（A）the difficulties in teaching spelling（B） the role of spelling in general language development（C） the complexities of the basic spelling skills（D）the necessity of teaching spelling7 The expression “play safe“ probably means_.（A）to write caref
19、ully（B） to do as teachers say（C） to use dictionaries frequently（D）to avoid using words one is not sure of8 Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that_.（A）students will be able to express their ideas more freely（B） teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes（C） students will have m
20、ore confidence in writing（D）students will learn to be independent of teachers9 The writer seems to think that the teachers judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is_.（A）reasonable（B） unfair（C） foolish（D）careless10 The major point discussed in the passage is_.（A）the importance of developing spel
21、ling skills（B） the complexities of spelling（C） the correct way of marking compositions（D）the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition10 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and, fortunately, the number of such reasons is small. Pruning
22、involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.Firstly, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired sha
23、pe or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches t
24、hat are rubbing against each other and thus causing wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disea
25、se, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is essential to make
26、 the area which has been pruned smooth and clear, for healing will be slowed down by roughness.You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter, for
27、 then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and it is, too, very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed, if this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly.11 Pruning is sometimes done to_.（A）allow the tree to grow in its own way（B）
28、get rid of small branches（C） improve the shape of the tree（D）let the tree grow taller12 Trees will become unhealthy when_.（A）too many branches grow in the middle（B） branches in the middle are cut away（C） small side branches become thick（D）overgrown branches are removed13 A special substance is paint
29、ed on the cut surface of the tree_.（A）to prevent the bleeding of the liquid（B） to prevent disease from entering the wound（C） to help the wound dry quickly（D）to remedy the roughness of the wound14 A good gardener prunes a tree_ .（A）at intervals throughout the year（B） regularly every winter（C） only wh
30、en necessary（D）once every year15 What is the authors main purpose in writing this passage?（A）To describe the advantages of pruning.（B） To give a general description of pruning.（C） To discuss different methods of pruning.（D）To explain the reasons for pruning.15 Compulsive shoppers may have a new psyc
31、hological excuse to blame for their wild shopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the “shop-till-you-drop“ habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and
32、it causes them distress.“It becomes a problem when you are out of control,“ psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said. “When you are feeling bad and blue, what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.“ Bank managers understand
33、the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.Compulsive shopping was first discovered in 1915, although it was then known as oniomania. Few studies have been done on the problem.An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling fo
34、r people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr Wilson, is “clearly not rare“. He thinks that compulsive shopping should be treated with drugs. “As psychologists we are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral d
35、ifficulties,“ Mr Wilson said.The aim of the treatment was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management.“You often have to start to get people to correctly
36、 recognize their emotions. Not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems connected with whats making you feel that way,“ Mr Wilson said.16 What is this article mostly about?（A）Signs of compulsive shopping.（B） Studies of compulsive shopping.（C） Comparison of c
37、ompulsive shopping and compulsive eating.（D）An experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson.17 The compulsive shoppers will go shopping when _.（A）they have lots of money（B） they are taking drugs（C） they are feeling sad（D）they win a prize18 The underlined word “it“ in the first paragraph most
38、 probably refers to _.（A）compulsive eating（B） a new psychological excuse（C） the study done by Blampied（D）the behavior of wild shopping19 Which of the following is considered important in treating compulsive shoppers?（A）Teaching them to manage their money better.（B） Teaching them to understand their
39、emotions.（C） Persuading them not to draw money from the bank.（D）Treating them with right drugs.20 How long will the treatment program last?（A）Ten hours.（B） One week.（C） Ten days.（D）Ten weeks.20 The north Australian city on Darwin was devastated by a strong cyclone on Christmas Day. The death and des
40、truction was due almost as much to human factors as to the violence of the wind.People in Darwin had become so accustomed to cyclone warnings that few of them paid attention to the radio warnings of Cyclone Tracy approach, which began early on Christmas Eve. Many people, in fact, died in their cars
41、as they tried to drive home through the cyclone from Christmas parties or social calls.Since Townsville was devastated by a cyclone in December 1971, the weather authorities have regularly issued alarms of every dangerous cyclone. But because few of the cyclones ever hit the coastal towns, people th
42、ere had come to ignore the warnings.Darwins last alert was broadcast only two weeks before Cyclone Tracy. On that occasion the storm changed direction and headed off harmlessly down the coast.Apart from those people killed in their cars, nearly all the other victims died in the damage of their homes
43、 which, despite the fact that Darwin lies in the recognized cyclone belt, had not been built to withstand cyclonic winds. Although building standards in other states of Australia were made much stricter after the tragedy at Townsville, die Darwin authorities never followed the new regulations. Conse
44、quently most of suburban Darwin was built of light wood and iron raised off the ground on piles to give coolness in the tropical climate. And the sides of the houses were simply nailed to the roof instead of being firmly attached with what Australian builders call “cyclone bolts“. As a result, many
45、people were killed by flying sheets of iron from the roofs. 21 The inhabitants of Darwin ignored the cyclone warning because_.（A）it was Christmas Eve（B） Darwin does not lie in the cyclone belt（C） cyclones rarely hit their town（D）they were accustomed to the attacks of cyclones22 The main reason many
46、people died in the cyclone was that_.（A）the storm came without warning（B） they were reluctant to leave before the cyclone（C） their houses were not built as required（D）the storm was so strong that nothing could resist its violence23 Two weeks before Christmas Day_.（A）Darwin was hit by a cyclone（B） a
47、cyclone passed close to Darwin（C） the warning of Cyclone Tracy was given（D）Townsville was devastated by a cyclone24 After Townsville was devastated by a cyclone, the Darwin authorities_.（A）paid much attention to cyclone warning and prevention（B） demanded that the house be built with cyclone bolts（C）
48、 followed the example of the other Australian states（D）took no notice of the new regulations25 The passage is meant to illustrate that_.（A）cyclones hit the coastal towns of Australia quite often（B） it is essential to establish an adequate cyclone warning system（C） the tragedy of Darwin was to a grea
49、t extent due to the negligence of the cyclone warning（D）much cant be done to avoid the attack of cyclones专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 86 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确
