1、2014 年 10 月全国自考（国际商务英语）真题试卷及答案与解析一、词组英译汉1 foreign currency reserves2 customs clearance3 foreign exchange shortage4 documentary credit5 utmost good faith6 legal entity7 hedge8 escape clause9 European Commission10 portfolio investment二、词组汉译英11 基础设施12 专业化13 集装箱14 金融市场15 商业风险16 贴现率17 所得税18 反倾销19 产地证书20
2、关税待遇三、配对题20 a. a set of international rules for interpretation of trade termsb. right to the possession of a position or propertyc. getting goods off a carrierd. money held aside to meet future demand.e. soaring of prices beyond controlf. the marketing, transporting, and selling of any itemg. a natu
3、ral gift or abilityh. right to reject or forbid somethingi. the person who issues a draft, usually the exporterj. a person or thing that closely resemble another in position or function21 counterpart22 reserve23 distribution24 unload25 title26 drawer27 hyperinflation28 Incoterms29 endowment30 veto四、
4、名词解释31 bill of exchange32 tariff33 counter trade34 hard loan 35 FDI五、简答题36 What are the tenet and objectives of APEC?37 Are there other bases for trade when there are no differences among countries in production conditions? Mention some of the bases.38 How are exchange rates published daily? What qu
5、ote does China use?39 Briefly explain the Generalized System of Preference.六、句子英译汉40 BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project. For a BOT project, a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operat
6、ing the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project. Needless to say, the contractor has to Bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation.41 While many people are acclaiming the benefits brought about by economic globalizatio
7、n, there are also loud voices of opposition. Economic globalization enables countries to benefit from the boom of other countries but also makes them more vulnerable to the adverse events across the globe. But like it or not, it has become an objective trend in the world economic development. The be
8、st policy for us is to follow the trend closely, availing the opportunities it offers to develop ourselves and avoiding its possible impacts.七、句子汉译英42 国际贸易指不同国家间进行的交易，它涉及到更多因素，因而比国内贸易复杂得多。43 买方发出的询盘是为了获得拟定购商品的有关信息，它对发出询盘的人无约束力。44 要么因为信用证金额过大，要么因为对开证行不完全信任，出口商可能有时需要保兑的信用证。45 保险是一种风险转移机制。通过保险个人或企业可以将生
9、活中的不确定因素转移给其他人。46 直接在国外经营能提高一个公司产品的能见度，使当地客户对他们所购得商品更加放心。2014 年 10 月全国自考（国际商务英语）真题试卷答案与解析一、词组英译汉1 【正确答案】 外汇储备【试题解析】 foreign 意为“外国的”；currency 意为“货币”；reserves 意为“储备”。2 【正确答案】 结关【试题解析】 customs 意为“海关”；clearance 意为“清算”。3 【正确答案】 外汇短缺【试题解析】 foreign exchange 意为“外汇”；shortage 意为“短缺”。4 【正确答案】 跟单信用证【试题解析】 docum
10、entary credit 是跟单信用证的固定称谓。5 【正确答案】 最大诚信【试题解析】 utmost 意为“最大”；good 意为“好的 ”；faith 意为“信任”。6 【正确答案】 法人【试题解析】 legal 意为“法律的”；entity 意为“实体”。7 【正确答案】 保护【试题解析】 hedge 意为“保护”。8 【正确答案】 免责条款【试题解析】 escape 意为 “逃脱”；clauses 意为“ 条款”。9 【正确答案】 欧盟委员会【试题解析】 European Commission 是欧盟委员会的固定称谓。10 【正确答案】 证券投资【试题解析】 portfolio 意为
11、“投资组合”；investment 意为“投资”。二、词组汉译英11 【正确答案】 infrastructure【试题解析】 infrastructure 是基础设施的固定名称。12 【正确答案】 specialization【试题解析】 specialize 的名词形式。13 【正确答案】 container【试题解析】 container 意为“集装箱“。14 【正确答案】 financial market【试题解析】 financial 意为“金融的”；market 意为“市场”。15 【正确答案】 venture【试题解析】 venture 意为 “风险”。16 【正确答案】 disc
12、ount rate【试题解析】 discount 意为 “折扣”；rate 意为“比率”。17 【正确答案】 income tax【试题解析】 income 意为“收入”；tax 意为“税收 ”。18 【正确答案】 antidumping【试题解析】 anti 意为“反对的”；dumping 意为“倾销”。19 【正确答案】 certificate of origin【试题解析】 certificate 意为“证明书”；origin 意为 “来源”。20 【正确答案】 tariff treatment【试题解析】 tariff 意为 “关税”；treatment 意为“待遇”。三、配对题21
13、【正确答案】 j22 【正确答案】 d23 【正确答案】 f24 【正确答案】 c25 【正确答案】 h26 【正确答案】 i27 【正确答案】 e28 【正确答案】 a29 【正确答案】 g30 【正确答案】 h四、名词解释31 【正确答案】 Bill of exchange is an unconditional order to a bank or a customer to pay a sum of money to someone on demand or at a fixed time in the future【试题解析】 汇票是对银行或客户下达无条件的命令，令其立即或在未来某个
14、固定时间向某人支付一定数额的款项。32 【正确答案】 Tariff is tax levied by the customs【试题解析】 关税是由海关征收的税。33 【正确答案】 Counter trade is a peculiar form of transaction allegedly popular in less developed countries and in centrally planned economies【试题解析】 对销贸易是发展中国家和中央计划经济国家广泛使用的一种特殊形式的贸易。34 【正确答案】 A hard money loan is a specific
15、 type of assetbased loan financing through which a borrower receives funds secured by the value of a parcel of real estate【试题解析】 此处考查对硬通货的理解，硬通货币值稳定，有利于资产保值，避免风险。35 【正确答案】 Foreign Direct Investment【试题解析】 FDI 是外国直接投资的简称。五、简答题36 【正确答案】 The tenet and objectives of APEC are interdependence，mutual benefi
16、ts，adhering to an open and multilateral trading system and reduction of regional trade barriers【试题解析】 亚太经合组织的宗旨和目标是“相互依存，共同受益，坚持开放的多边贸易体制和减少区域贸易壁垒。”37 【正确答案】 Yes，there are First，patterns of demand may differ among nationsSecond ，trade may occur out of economies of scale，iethe cost advantages of larg
17、escale productionThird，trade takes place because of innovation or style【试题解析】 即使各国在生产商品的基础能力方面没有差异，他们之间进行贸易的其他基础仍然可能存在。首先，各国需求结构有所不同。其次，贸易可能产生于规模经济。第三，贸易的发生是由于革新或款式的需要。38 【正确答案】 Exchange rates are published daily in two different waysA direct exchange rate is the price of a foreign currency in terms
18、 of the home currency In a direct quote，an amount of foreign currency，usually one unit or one hundred units is taken as the standard and the equivalent amount of home currency is marked after itAn indirect exchange rate is the price of home currency in terms of a foreign currency In an indirect quot
19、e one unit or one hundred units home currency is taken as the standard and the equivalent of foreign currency is givenChina uses the direct quote【试题解析】 此题考查对于汇率两种不同公布形式的理解，可结合教材具体内容作答。39 【正确答案】 The Generalized System of Preferences，or GSP，is a preferential tariff system which provides for a formal s
20、ystem of exemption from the more general rules of the World Trade Organization(WTO)，(formerly，the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or GATT)Specifically，its a system of exemption from the most favored nation principle(MFN)that obliges WTO member countries to treat the imports of all other WTO m
21、ember countries no worse than they treat the imports of their “most favored”trading partnerIn essence ，MFN requires WTO member countries to treat imports coming from all other WTO member countries equally，that is，by imposing equal tariffs on them【试题解析】 本题考查对于普惠制的理解，可结合教材具体内容作答。六、句子英译汉40 【正确答案】 BOT 是
22、“交钥匙” 工程一种流行的变通方式。一家公司可以在工程竣工后运营一段时间，然后最终转交给外国公司。BOT 和普通“交钥匙” 工程的一个重大区别是，承包公司可以在一定期间从经营有关工程中获利。当然，它同时也要承担经营期间可能发生的财务风险和其他风险。【试题解析】 本题为教材原文，参见教材中文译文。41 【正确答案】 一方面许多人在为经济全球化带来的好处而喝彩，同时强烈的反对声也同样存在。经济一体化使各国从别国的经济繁荣中受益，同时也使其更容易受到全球各地的不利事件的伤害。然而不管喜欢与否，全球化已成为世界经济发展的客观趋势。最好的办法是紧跟趋势，利用它提供的机会发展自己，同时避免它可能带来的冲击
23、。【试题解析】 本题为教材原文，参见教材中文译文。七、句子汉译英42 【正确答案】 International trade refers to transaction between parties from different countriesIt involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business【试题解析】 本题为教材课后题原文，参见教材答案。43 【正确答案】 Enquiries made by the buyer are to get information about the good
24、s to be ordered，and are not binding on the inquirer【试题解析】 本题为教材课后题原文，参见教材答案。44 【正确答案】 Either because the credit amount is too large，or because he does not fully trust the opening bank，the exposer may sometimes require a confirmed letter of credit【试题解析】 本题为教材课后题原文，参见教材答案。45 【正确答案】 Insurance is a risk
25、 transfer mechanism，by which the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the uncertainty of life to the shoulders of others【试题解析】 本题为教材课后题原文，参见教材答案。46 【正确答案】 Operating directly abroad enhances the visibility of a firms products，making local customers feel more assured about the things they buy【试题解析】 本题为教材课后题原文，参见教材答案。
