1、- 1 -洛阳一高 2018-2019 学年第一学期高一 9 月月考英语试卷第一部分：阅读理解 (共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)ALetter OneDear Editor,After I finish my homework, I often go online and chat with my friends. Sometimes I play computer games. But my parents hate to see me playing games on the computer. Maybe they have heard too much news ab
2、out how QQ and computer games harm children. Once I went to a net bar(网吧) to play games after school. But after that I told my parents that I was playing basketball at school. I said so because I didnt want to make them unhappy. I feel bad about it. However, I need to rest for a while by playing com
3、puter games after studying for a long time. I really want my parents to understand that. Do foreign parents do the same to their children? Please help me.Li Ping, BeijingLetter TwoDear Li Ping,I dont think its strange for parents to keep their children away from anything bad. Foreign parents will do
4、 the same as your parents! They may not let their children watch TV for too long a time, or like your parents, they dont want their children to play computer games.Talk to your parents and be honest to them, I think. Tell them what you are doing and why you are doing so to make them understand you.
5、Its never good to do things behind your parents. They arent fools as you think sometimes! Our parents seem to know what is the best for us.Remember: to be honest is the best way.Good luck,- 2 -Rebecca1. From the passage we can learn that Li Ping often_ .A. talks with his friends on the InternetB. pl
6、ays basketball after schoolC. plays computer games at homeD. chats online before homework2. The boy goes online_.A. to get news on QQ B. just to have a restC. to show he hates study D. to make new friends3. The editor thinks _.A. children should play computer games in the net bar secretlyB. playing
7、computer game can be very helpful to childrens studiesC. children should be honest and try to make their parents understand themD. foreign parents dont care for their children as much as Chinese parents【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】本文介绍的是两封书信。从文章中我们可以了解到李平经常和他的朋友在网上聊天。但这个男孩上网只是为了休息一下。编辑认为孩子应该诚实，并努力让他们的父母理解他
8、们。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 After I finish my homework, I often go online and chat with my friends.可知，从文章中我们可以了解到李平经常和他的朋友在网上聊天。故选 A。【2 题详解】细节理解题。由第一封信的I need to rest for a while by playing computer games可知，这个男孩上网只是为了休息一下。故选 B。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据文中第二封信的倒数第一句 Remember: to be honest is the best way.可知，编辑认为孩子应
9、该诚实，并努力让他们的父母理解他们。故选 C。BThe British are known for their sense of humor. However, it is often - 3 -difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.Understatement means saying less than you think or feel. For example, if someo
10、ne gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “Its a little damp (潮湿的) outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isnt exactly friendly.” Understatement is often used in unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly. Underst
11、atement plays an important part in British humor.Another key to understanding British humor is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others. They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to our everyday life when someone accidently falls over in the street.
12、They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society. They like to make jokes about their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave. Whats more, the British love to watch comedies (喜剧) about people who do not know how to behave in society. The comedies series Mr. Bea
13、n is a good example of this kind of humor.Mr. Bean is the character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990. Mr. Bean doesnt talk often, and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr. Bean so funny is that he does things that adults
14、in the real world cannot do. Mr. Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humor. Because of this, many people have become familiar with the British sense of humor.4. Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes?A.
15、 The British often enlarge the fact.B. British jokes are connected with many different cultures.C. British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.D. The British try to make out that something is less important than it is.5. The author explains understatement by _.A. describing a process
16、B. making comparisons- 4 -C. following time order D. using examples6. Mr. Bean makes laugh by _.A. using his body movement and facial expressionsB. making jokes about others accentC. copying how others behaveD. telling funny stories7. What can be the best title for the text?A. British Humor in Comed
17、yB. Humor in Different CulturesC. Understanding British HumorD. Developing Your Sense of Humor【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了理解英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。【4 题详解】细节理解题。由 Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.可知选 D。【5 题详解】推理判断题。由 For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower
18、 of rain, he might say, “Its a little damp (潮湿的) outside.” Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isnt exactly friendly.可推断出作者通过举例来解释“有保留的陈述” ，选 D。【6 题详解】细节理解题。由 Mr. Bean doesnt talk often, and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressio
19、ns to make people laugh.可知憨豆先生使用自己的身体活动和面部表情让人们笑，选 A。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。由 The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.和 Another key to understanding British humor is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.可知这篇短文主要介绍了理解英国人幽默的关键点- 5 -是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑，选
20、 C。CA black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces(熔炉) that burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is
21、 blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.After the explosion, gravity pulls in whats left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star i
22、s so solid that a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billions of pounds.The more the star shrinks(收缩), the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star
23、! Since all the light is pulled in, none can go out. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black hole is born!Thats what we know about black holes. What we dont know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smal
24、ler and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to imagine.But if the black hole doesnt keep shrinking, what happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like doorways to another world. They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In other words
25、a black hole in our universe could turn into a “white hole“ in a different universe. As the black hole swallows(吞噬) light, the white hole shines brightly-somewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a different time-many years in the past or future.Could you travel through a black hole?
26、 Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed(挤压). So far the time being, - 6 -black hole must remain a mystery.Black holes are a mystery-but that hasnt stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist suggested that in the future we might make use of
27、the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earths energy needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a black hole could some day be used to swallow earthly waste-a sort of huge waste disposal(处理) in the sky!8. When the star begins to die _.A. there is no fuel left in it B. a h
28、uge explosion will happenC. its outer layer goes into space first D. it doesnt give off light any longer9. Which of the following doesnt help produce a black hole?A. The dying star shines less brightly.B. The light cant go out of the star.C. The star becomes smaller and smallerD. The gravity inside
29、the star is very strong.10. The black hole _.A. continues becoming smaller and smaller all the timeB. goes into another universe and becomes a white holeC. will appear at another place at a different timeD. can pull in everything we know of in the world11. Whats the best title for this passage?A. A
30、New Scientific Discovery: Black HolesB. What Are Black Holes?C. How Do Black Holes Swallow Light?D. Travel Through A Black Hole【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】本文是一篇科普文章。文章讲述的是：Black Holes 是什么？它是怎样形成的？【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is - 7 -a huge explosion.可知，当
31、恒星开始死亡时将会发生巨大的爆炸。故选 B。【9 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 As its outer layer is blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.可知， “垂死的星星不那么明亮” 不会产生黑洞。故选 A。【10 题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed.”可知，其余三项都是科学家们的猜测。故选 D。【11 题详解】主旨大意题。题
32、目的选择应具有高度的概括性、强烈的针对性及一定的醒目性。首先可排除A 项，因为黑洞早已不再是新鲜的话题。C、D 两项只是短文的两个方面。故选 B。DYears ago, the American writer Kurt Vonnegut often said there was one story that would always make a million dollars: Cinderella.Cinderella made more like $ 70 million in ticket sales when it opened last weekend. But the movie
33、 got a mixed reaction. David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter praised the movie and said, “Anyone will find something to enjoy in it.” Steven Rea of The Philadelphia Inquirer called the movie “a winning re-do”. Richard Corliss of Time magazine wrote that “Disney finally got Cinderella right. ” Other
34、 people were not as happy with the movie. Sara Stewart of the New York Post wrote, “This Cinderella is all dressed up with nowhere very interesting to go.”Although different people think differently towards the movie, what is clear, however, is the movies business success. It is not only popular in
35、the theaters but also in sales. And Disney has widened its usual market for Cinderella products.There are products connected to the Disney movie targeted (面向) not only at little girls, but women, too. For example, the famous shoe designer Jimmy Choo worked with Disney to create Cinderellas shoes”. Y
36、ou can buy them for about $ 5,000. At that price, you would not want to lose one at the party, even if that - 8 -is the way you get your prince (王子).The make-up (化妆品) company MAC quickly sold all its products connected to Cinderella. HSN is a popular website selling clothing and objects for the home
37、. The marketer is now also selling Cinderella products.So, is there anything left for the children, those people we think of as the traditional audience (观众) for the age-old tale? Yes, you can find toys and other childrens products at the American store JCPenney. Of course, you can also visit a Disn
38、ey store.12. The underlined part “a mixed reaction” in Paragraph 2 probably means.A. many changes B. different storiesC. advantages and disadvantages D. agreements and disagreements13. Products connected to Cinderella .A. do not sell very wellB. are all very expensiveC. are mainly targeted at little
39、 girlsD. are designed for a wide group of buyers14. Where can children buy toys connected to Cinderella?A. At MAC. B. At MAC and HSN.C. At JCPenney and a Disney store. D. At HSN.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Sellers of Cinderella Products B. Cinderella Is More than a MovieC. What Makes
40、Cinderella so Popular D. Unknown Stories behind Cinderella【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了人们对电影 Cinderella 的不同观点，有人认为这部电影很成功，也有一些人并不认可它。同时与 Cinderella 衍生出的其他产品也颇受人们的欢迎。【12 题详解】猜测词义题。根据第二段横线后 David Rooney、Steven Rea 和 Richard Corliss 的语言可知很多人对这部电影持认可态度；再根据 Other people were not as happy with
41、the - 9 -movie.可知其他一些人对 Cinderella 持反对态度。所以划线词“a mixed reaction”指有人支持也有人反对的复杂情感。故 D 项正确。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 There are products connected to the Disney movie targeted (面向 ) not only at little girls, but women, too.可知 Cinderella 所衍生的产品不仅仅面对小女孩而且针对成年女性。也就是说 Cinderella 的相关产品的受众面很宽。故 D 项正确。【14 题详解】细节理
42、解题。根据最后一段第二句 Yes, you can find toys and other childrens products at the American store JCPenney.可知人们可以在 JCPenney 里买到与Cinderella 相关的产品。故 C 项正确。【15 题详解】主旨大意题。本文介绍了人们对电影 Cinderella 的不同观点，有人支持它也有人反对它。同时与 Cinderella 衍生出的其他产品也颇受人们的欢迎。也就是说 Cinderella 不仅仅是一部成功的电影，在衍生产品的商业运作也很成功。故 B 项正确。【点睛】本文属于猜测词义题。我们可以通过下
43、文中列举的事例推理出划线词“a mixed reaction”指有人支持也有人反对的复杂情感。例证题也属于猜测词义题中较为常见的解题方法。例证题的标记。当题干中出现 example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 时。返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题？不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点
44、最一致的答案。例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。 （）要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪里开始到哪结束。- 10 -EHow to write an email?While many people are accessible by email, sometimes it is difficult to determine how exactly to write an email to them. Here are some tips for you to follow.Write an appropriate
45、 subject line. The subject line should tell the recipient (接收者) immediately what the email is about. _16_ Remember that your wording also has to be brief._17_ It is best to be more formal rather than informal, so when writing to someone you have never met or written to before, a “Dear Jane Smith” is
46、 appropriate. When addressing someone whom you are a little familiar with, a “Dr. Smith” is okay until they tell you to address them by their first name, in which case a simple “Jane” will be okay._18_ Within the first two sentences of your email, your recipient should know exactly why you are writi
47、ng to him. Sometimes an introduction may have to precede (先于) the sentence that states why you are writing, and sometimes it has to follow.Use appropriate language. You may be used to using informal language in certain social settings. _19_Even when dealing with colleagues or friends you are familia
48、r with, do not immediately fall back on informal language.Keep it simple. People may get dozens and even hundreds of emails a day._20_ In that way, they can save much of their time when reading emails.A. Use proper greetings.B. Express your ideas clearly.C. State your purpose at the beginning.D. Be
49、as specific as possible when writing the subject.E. However, an email may not be the best place to use such language.F. It is important to check the language to avoid spelling and grammar mistakes.G. It is always easier for them if you keep your email as short and brief as - 11 -possible.【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在日常生活中电子邮件非常普及，但是很多人都不知道如何写一封好的电子邮件，本文中给出了五条相关的建议。【16 题详解】根据横线前句“The subject line should tell the recipient (
