1、- 1 -江苏省南通中学 2018-2019 学年度第一学期期中考试英语试题第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）1.The local people _ building the new hotel because of the great cost.A. opposed B. objectedC. accused D. charged【答案】A【解析】【分析】考查动词辨析。【详解】句意：由于费用较高，当地人反对建新的宾馆。A. opposed oppose doing 反对；B. objected object t
2、o doing 拒绝；C. accused 指责； D. charged 收费，控告。根据短语搭配以及句意得知，选 A。2.China has officially set Sept 3as “Victory Day“ to mark Chinas victory over Japan in World War II. The establishment of “Victory Day“ highlights Beijings_ to peaceful development and the importance of_ the past.A. commitment; acknowledgin
3、g B. application; admittingC. acknowledging; committing D. admission;, applying【答案】A【解析】考查相似词辨析。commitment 承诺，委托；application 应用，申请；applying 申请，应用；admission 承认；admitting 承认；acknowledging 承认；句意：中国官方将 9 月 3 日称为“胜利日” ，以纪念中国在二战中战胜日本。 “胜利日”的确立，突显出中国政府对和平发展的承诺，以及承认过去的重要性。本题第一空要用名词，第二空 of 后用动词-ing 形式，根据句意选
4、A.3.Chinese officials hope that trade will_ when the two countries _ to hard currency.- 2 -A. turn up; scratch B. pick up; switchC. catch on; squeeze D. hold on; status【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查短语及动词词义辨析。句意：中方官员希望两国在转向使用硬通货后,贸易会有起色。【详解】A.turn up 出现，翻起，声音开大；scratch 擦，刮; 擦痛。B. pick up 捡起，接送，学会，好转，起色；switch 开关，转换
5、; 转变。C. catch on 变得流行; squeeze 挤，榨，捏； D. hold on 坚持，等一等 ; status 地位，身份。分析句子可知，第二句应当是从句的谓语动词,而 status 是名词，所以排除 D 项。根据句子的内容分析，可知，本句的意思是两国转向硬货币时，贸易会有起色（pick up） ，而不是出现（turn up） ，或是流行（catch on） 。分析选项可知 B 项符合题意。4.“Chinese dama“,a group mainly _ of married women between 40 and 60, _ the attention of the p
6、ublic for the first time in 2013.A. consisted; grabbing B. consisting; grabbingC. consisting; grabbed D. consisted; grabbed【答案】C【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词的现在分词【详解】句意：“中国大妈“，一群主要由已婚的年龄在 40 到 60 岁之间的妇女组成，在 2013年第一次吸引了公众的注意力。第一空：a group 与 consist 之间是主谓关系，用现在分词短语作定语修饰 a group，排除 A、D 项；第二空：句中缺少谓语，根据时间状语 in 2013，要用一
7、般过去时态，排除 B 项，故选 C。【点睛】非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语，弄清楚现在分词的构成，时态与语态，然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案5.Facebook has recently _ a string of Facebook groups committed to illegally sharing copyrighted music.A. cracked down on B. fallen back onC. kept up with D. got away with- 3 -【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：
8、脸谱网最近严厉打击了一批致力于非法分享版权音乐的脸谱网群体。A. crack down on 严厉打击，镇压；B. fall back on 求助于，转而依靠；C. keep up with 跟上，赶上；D. get away with 侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱。故选 A。6.It is our_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A. considerate B. continuousC. consistent D. conscious【答案】C【解析】【分析】考查形容词辨析【详解】句意：通过和平手段获得团结是我们的一
9、贯政策。A. considerate 考虑周到的； B. continuous 连续的；C. consistent 一贯的，始终如一的； D. conscious 有意识的。根据句意得知，故选 C。7._ making decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because in the long process of evolution the slow pace of life didnt require such an ability of the human brain.A. On behalf o
10、f B. In contrast toC. In salute to D. In terms of【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在做决定方面，人类的大脑无法与计算机相比，因为在漫长的进化过程中，生活的缓慢节奏并不需要人类大脑有这样的能力。A. On behalf of 代表；B. In contrast to 相反；C. In salute to 表示敬意；D. In terms of 按照，在方面。此处指在做决定方面，故选 D.8._ girls can be_.they would like to be, whether it is a pilot or an astr
11、onaut, is being accepted all around the world.A. What; whomever B. That; whateverC. If; whoever D. 不填; whatever- 4 -【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查名词性从句引导词【详解】句意：女孩子可以想当什么就当什么，无论是飞行员还是宇航员，这一点正在被世界各地的人们接受本题考查名词性从句中引导词的运用第二空是 be 动词后面的表语从句的引导词，表示“职业“，用 whatever，排除 A 和 C；去掉逗号中间插入的部分可见 is 前的主语从句“girls can be whatever th
12、ey would like to be“从意思到成分都是完整的，故选择在名词性从句中不担任成分，无意义的 that，故答案是 B【点睛】名词性从句考查的关键是连接词的选用和语序，因此，我们首先要搞清从句的性质，掌握各连接词的用法，在此基础上判断此外，关注名词性从句用陈述语序9._ the oil under the sea, the company has raised ample funds to develop petroleum exploration equipment.A. Exploiting B. Having exploitedC. To exploit D. Exploite
13、d【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了探索海底石油，该公司筹集了充足的资金来开发石油勘探设备。“_ the oil under the sea”是目的状语，表目的，应用动词不定式，故 C 选项正确。10.Housing prices_ since a few years ago. Therefore, its time the central government _ some effective measures to bring them under control.A. have increased; would take B. have increased; will take
14、C. have been increasing; takes D. have been increasing; took【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：自从去年年底房价一直在上涨。因此，该是中央政府采取措施降低并控制房价的时候了。由 since 判断句中需要完成时，并且根据语境，房价还在上涨中，故第一空用完成进行时；第二空考查句型“Its/was time that 该是的时候了“，从句中往- 5 -往用过去时，也可以用“should+动词原形“；故答案是 D。【点睛】1.Since 自从-以来（可做介词和连词） ，和现在完成时态连用。He has lived here since
15、he came. 自从他来到这里，就一直在这里住着。2.It is the first(second-)time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是：第几次做某事了。如果把 is 改成 was，则后面用过去完成时态。Its the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。3.Its (high) time that 主语+一般过去时态+其他。现在是该做某事的时间了。Its high time that we had lunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。4. It is/has been+一段时间+si
16、nce 主语+一般过去时态+-。自从-有多长时间了。在这个句型中 since 引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，分两种情况：（1）如果从句的动词是终止性动词 leave/come/-，则表示“从动作开始到现在多长时间了。 ”It is three years since he began to smoke.他已经吸烟三年了。 （2）如果从句的动词是持续性动词 stay/smoke/live-，则表示“从动作结束到现在多长时间了” 。 It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟三年了。11.Not far from the street, there was
17、a garden, _ owner seated in it reading a book every afternoon.A. Whose B. itsC. which D. that【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查独立主格【详解】句意：在街道附近有一个花园，它的主人在每天下午都会坐在花园里读书。此题关键是理解 seated 这个单词，它是过去分词，而不是作谓语的过去式。它不能在句中做谓语。所以后面句子不是一个非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，要填代词 its。故选B。12._ we can take some measures to cut the losses to the mini
18、mum.A. As earthquakes are difficult to predict B. Are as earthquakes difficult to predictC. Difficult are as earthquakes to predict D. Difficult as earthquakes are to - 6 -predict【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查倒装句【详解】句意：尽管地震很难被预测，我们可以采取措施把地震造成的损失降低到最小。as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装句，把表语（形容词或名词） ，动词，副词提到 as 前面。故选D。13.- I cant thin
19、k why he_ so angry.1 meant no offence.-Its typical of him to be sensitive.A. should have been B. must have beenC. might have been D. can have been【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。A. should have been 本应该；B. must have been 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事” ；C. might have been 表示对过去事情的推测，可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。D. can have been 表示对过去行为
20、的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？。句意：我认为他本不该这么生气，我并没有冒犯的意思。敏感是他一个典型的特征。此处指我认为他不该生气，结果他生气了。用“本不该” ，故选 A.【名师点睛】情态动词+have done 用法总结：一、 “must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事” ，该结构只用于肯定句。1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说
21、话，一定是发疯了。二、 “cant+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事” 。1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她- 7 -回家去了。三、 “can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？” 。1. There is no lig
22、ht in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？四、 “could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。五、 “may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”
23、或“也许已经” ，用于肯定句中。What has happened to George?I dont know. He may have got lost.乔治发生了什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、 “might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might 与 may 意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you ha
24、d given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。七、 “would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做” 。1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。八、 “should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事
25、，而实际没做。 ” “shouldnt+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。- 8 -1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。九、 “ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做” ，往往表示遗憾。与“s
26、hould+have+done”用法基本一样。I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。You ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。十、 “need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。 “neednt+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了” 。I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。He need have hurried to the
27、station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。would like to have done sth 本打算做某事I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.would rather +have done 当时宁愿做了 或没做I would rather have refuse his offer14.-I am worn out.-Me too , all work and no play .
28、It is time to _.A. burn the midnight oil B. fall to the groundC. go with the flow D. call it a day【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查情景交际【详解】-我快累死了。-我也是，一直干活没有松一口气。总算一天的工作结束了。A. burn the midnight oil “挑灯夜战” ， B. fall to the ground 孤立无援，失败; C. go with the flow 紧随潮流 .随从大家的意见 “随大流” ， D. call it a day“停工，就此结束” 。根据上下语境得知选 D
29、。- 9 -15.-Forgotten something? 1 can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.- _ .Thank you all the same.A. Its very kind of you. B. Oh, how careless of me!C. I might as well go and get it. D. Well, I can do without it.【答案】D【解析】选 D。上一句的意思是：“忘了什么东西了吗？如果你想去拿它的话，我可以帮你照看一下孩子。 ”通过下一句空格后的答语“
30、仍然要谢谢你”可知，空格处作了否定回答。A 项意为“你真是太好了” ；B 项意为“哦，我是多么粗心呀！” ；C 项意为“我最好还是去拿吧” ；D项意为“哦，我不拿也行” 。do without 表示“没有也行” ，D 项用在空格处符合前后句的逻辑关系，所以答案为 D。第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的，和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Have you ever imagined your future? I try to do this all the time. Most of us will follow in
31、our _16_ footsteps, by this I mean our adult lives will _17_ resemble the lives we live as children, set by our parents examples. Have you ever _18_ and thought about this? What an awful job it must be to _19_ a child properly! But, what happens to the children that live _20_ drugs, alcohol and viol
32、ence in their childhood? Where can they find good examples for themselves?I know of one place that is trying to _21_ all children. It is the McDowell County D.A.R.E. program in McDowell County North Carolina. Our teachers carry on their shoulders the great _22_ of teaching kids to just say NO to dru
33、gs, alcohol and violence. I am personally acquainted with _23_ of these things, not because I have ever _24_ them myself, but because of my dad. He drank, _25_ drugs and smoked pot (抽大麻). When I was 7 my mom took me and my sister and _26_. I wonder if my dad ever thought about the _27_ and what this
34、 bad decision would lead to when he first started experimenting with drugs and pot at 13. He has been in jail, he cant get a decent job, and he - 10 -lost his _28_. These bad choices also caused him to hurt his children in horrible ways.I am _29_ that I have at least one parent to help me make wise
35、decisions, and to teach me right from wrong. I am also _30_ that the D.A.R.E. program is taught in our schools. One of the most _31_ things I learned from D.A.R.E. is that a person that has a parent with an addiction problem is more than twice as likely to become addicted themselves, as compared to
36、a person that has no family history of drug _32_. I have learned many things through this _33_, especially about the consequences of our trying drugs. You could get arrested, hurt yourself or someone else, _34_ your life by becoming an addict, or even die. All of these things are terrible, but I can
37、t think of anything _35_ as a parent than hurting our children and the people that love us. DRUGS DESTROY LIVES! I give the D.A.R.E. program two thumbs up, for all the good things being accomplished.16. A. grandmas B. brothers C. parents D. teachers17. A. closely B. loosely C. hardly D. physically18
38、. A. lived B. stopped C. started D. decided19. A. praise B. understand C. appreciate D. raise20. A. on B. over C. in D. for21. A. treat B. represent C. reach D. persuade22. A. pressure B. responsibility C. probability D. advantage23. A. both B. all C. none D. neither24. A. smoked B. accepted C. trie
39、d D. refused25. A. ate B. sold C. took D. bought26. A. went B. wept C. begged D. left27. A. reasons B. possibilities C. program D. consequences28. A. patience B. temper C. family D. position29. A. lucky B. aware C. sure D. clear30. A. concerned B. disappointed C. curious D. grateful31. A. important
40、B. exciting C. strange D. attractive- 11 -32. A. sales B. purchases C. abuse D. production33. A. behavior B. program C. experience D. action34. A. destroy B. build C. save D. lose35. A. wiser B. easier C. worse D. better【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. D 28.
41、C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C【解析】文章讲述了作者的亲身经历，自小作者的父亲就滥用毒品，幸亏母亲引导他做出了正确的决定。本文表明了父母对于孩子的影响潜移默化。【16 题详解】考查名词所有格。 A. grandmas 祖母的； B. brothers 兄弟的； C. parents 父母的； D. teachers 老师的。依据后面的“by this I mean“和“set by our parents examples“可知,我们绝大多数都会追随我们父母的足迹。故选。【17 题详解】考查副词。A. closely 紧密地； B. lo
42、osely 松散地； C. hardly 几乎不； D. physically 身体地。“closely resemble“表示“近似“,符合语境。语意: 我的意思是我们的成年生活和我们孩提时的生活是相似的。故选。【18 题详解】考查动词。A. lived 生活； B. stopped 停止； C. started 开始； D. decided 决定。注意后面的“and thought about this“,要思考,首先要停下来。你曾经停下来思考一下这个问题吗?故选。【19 题详解】考查动词。A. praise B. understand C. appreciate D. raise。依据全
43、文可以看出这里探讨的是“养育子女“的问题。语意:要正确地培养子女是一件多么费劲的事啊!故选。【20 题详解】考查介词。A. on 在之上； B. over 超过； C. in 在 内部； D. for 为了。live on 靠生活,以为食。语意:对于一个童年时期就终日吸食毒品,酗酒和实施暴- 12 -力的孩子来说会发生什么呢?故选。【21 题详解】考查动词。A. treat 对待； B. represent 代表； C. reach 到达； D. persuade 说服。这里用 reach 表示援助。语意:我知道一个尽力去援助所有孩子的地方。故选。【22 题详解】考查名词。A. pressur
44、e 压力； B. responsibility 责任； C. probability 可能； D. advantage 优点。 (这里的)老师们承担了教育孩子拒绝毒品、酒精和暴力的责任(responsibility)故选。【23 题详解】考查代词。A. both 两者都； B. all 所有都； C. none 一个没有； D. neither 两个都不。根据上下文可知,此处表示我个人了解这一切(all)。故选。【24 题详解】考查动词。A. smoked 吸烟； B. accepted 接受； C. tried 尝试； D. refused 拒绝。由下文提示“but because of m
45、y dad“(是因为我的父亲)可推知,此处表示不是因为我自己亲身体验过这些。故选。【25 题详解】考查动词。A. ate 吃掉； B. sold 出售； C. took 拿走； D. bought 购买。take drugs 吸毒,符合语意。他(作者的父亲)酗酒,吸毒,抽大麻。故选。【26 题详解】考查动词。A. went 走开； B. wept 哭泣； C. begged 祈求； D. left 离开。根据语境可知,这里表示母亲带着我和妹妹离开了(left)(父亲)。故选。【27 题详解】考查名词。. A. reasons 理由； B. possibilities 可能； C. progra
46、m 项目； D. consequences 后果。我想知道,当父亲 13 岁开始尝试那些毒品和大麻时,他是否考虑过后果。故选。【28 题详解】考查名词。 A. patience 耐心； B. temper 脾气； C. family 家庭； D. position 位置。从前后文中可知他(作者的父亲)失去了家庭。故选。【29 题详解】考查形容词。A. lucky 幸运的； B. aware 意识到的； C. sure 肯定的； D. - 13 -clear 清楚的。根据上下文可知,此处表示:我很幸运,至少我还有母亲帮我作出明智的决定,教我辨别是非。故选。【30 题详解】考查形容词。A. con
47、cerned 担忧的； B. disappointed 失望的； C. curious 好奇的； D. grateful 感激的。本题要注意“also“,与上文的“幸运的“相同,这里也应该是一个褒义词。grateful 感激的,符合语意。我也很感激我们学校开设了 the D.A.R.E program。故选。【31 题详解】考查形容词。A. important 重要的； B. exciting 兴奋的； C. strange 奇怪的； D. attractive 吸引人的。我从 the D.A.R.E program 中学到的最重要的事情之一就是父亲或母亲吸毒的孩子吸毒的风险比没有吸毒史的家庭
48、的孩子大两倍多。故选。【32 题详解】考查名词。A. sales 出售； B. purchases 购买； C. abuse 滥用； D. production 产品。我从 the D.A.R.E program 中学到的最重要的事情之一就是父亲或母亲吸毒的孩子吸毒的风险比没有吸毒史的家庭的孩子大两倍多。drug abuse 吸毒。故选。【33 题详解】考查名词。A. behavior 行为； B. program 项目； C. experience 经历； D. action 行动。通过这个项目,我学到了很多东西。故选。【34 题详解】考查动词。A. destroy 破坏； B. build 建造； C. save 挽救； D. lose 失去。根据上文可知此处作者是在陈述吸毒的后果,吸毒的人可能会被捕,自残或者伤害到别人,因为上瘾而毁掉自己的生活,甚至造成死亡。故选。【35 题详解】考查形容词比较级。A. wiser 更聪明的； B. easier 更容易的； C. worse 更糟糕的； D. better 更
