1、1五四语法二 代词语法考点剖析考点一 人称代词1.人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格既可在句中作动词和介词的宾语，也可以在系动词之后作表语。He knew where I was going.他知道我要去哪里。I teach them English.我教他们英语。The little girl in the picture is me.照片里的小女孩是我。2单数人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为第二人称、第三人称、第一人称，即 you, he/she and I; 复数人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为第一人称、第二人称、第三人称，即 we, you and they。单项选择1(2018上海中考
2、)My father is a good doctor. works hard to help his patients.AHe BHim CHis DHimself2(2018北京中考)My brother and I like football. play it together once a week.AI BThey CWe DYou3(2018江苏扬州中考)Who is the lady in red?Miss Gao. She teaches English.Awe Bus Cour Dours考点二 物主代词21.形容词性物主代词不单独使用；名词性物主代词用来代替前面已经提到的名
3、词，相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”。Is this your bike？这是你的自行车吗？ No, its her bike. Mine(My bike) is under the tree.不是，是她的自行车。我的(自行车)在树下。2名词性物主代词可以与 of 连用作定语。He is a friend of hers.他是她的一个朋友。单项选择1(2018河北中考)Please come in, Alice. Welcome to house.Aher Bhis Cmy Dyour 2(2018重庆中考 A 卷)Im surprised at the new look of hometown
4、.AI Bme Cmy Dmine3(2018江苏南京中考)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.Ath ey Btheir Cthem Dtheirs4(2018四川乐山中考)The sunglasses on your desk are nice. Are they ？Yes, I got them from my parents as a birthday present.Ayours Byour Cyourself
5、Dyou考点三 反身代词31.反身代词可以作宾语、表语和同位语，不能单独作主语和定语。2反身代词的常用搭配：teach oneselflearn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快by oneself 亲自help oneself to 随便吃dress oneself 自己穿衣服lose oneself in 沉浸于；陶醉于Who taught your sister English？谁教你姐姐英语？Nobody. She taught herself.没有人教她。她自学的 。Did you enjoy yourselves in the party？你们在聚会上
6、玩得开心吗？Girls, come here and help yourselves to some fruit.女孩们，过来随便吃些水果吧。总表：性质数 主格 宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词I me my mine myselfyou you your yours yourselfhe him his his himselfshe her her hers herself单数it it its its itself复数 we us our ours ourselves4you you your yours yourselvesthey them their theirs them
7、selves单项选择1(2018天津中考)She is too busy to help us finish the work.Lets do it Aherself Bmyself Citself Dourselves2(2018贵州中考)Welcome you all to China and enjoy here.Ayourself Byourselves Cthemselves Dhimself考点 四 指示代词1this 和 these 用于指距离较近的事物或人，that 和 those 用于指较远的事物或人。This picture is clear and that pictur
8、e is not clear.这张图画很清楚，而那张图画不清楚。These are your books. They are here.这些是你的书，它们在这儿。Those are my books. They are over there.那些是我的书，它们在那儿。2打电话时用 that 问对方是谁，用 this 做自我介绍。This is Mary speaking. Whos that？我是玛丽，你是谁？3that/those 指代上文提到的名词。The weather in Hangzhou is much warmer than that in Harbin in winter.杭州
9、冬天的天气比哈尔滨的天气暖和多 了。(that 指代 the weather，避免重复)单项选择(2018贵州安顺中考)Mr. Han, how is the weather in Anshun now, please?Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang.Ait Bthat Cthis Dthose考点五 不定代词1some 与 any5some 一般用于肯定句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议，应用 some some 与 any 均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词 any 多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句；any 用于
10、肯定句中，意为“任何一个”Would you like some coffee？你想要些咖啡吗？Yes, please.好的，谢谢。There arent any students in the classroom.教室里没有学生。2each 与 everyeach every可以单独使用 不可单独使用着重个别 着重全体可以与 of 连用 不可以与 of 连用指两者或两者以上中的每一个 指三者或三者以上中的每一个不可以与 not 连用 与 not 连用时，表示部分否定3.either 与 neithereither 指两个人或物中的一个；作主语时谓语动词用单数neither 指两个人或物中的一
11、个也不；作主语时谓语动词用单数There are many trees on either side of the street.在大街的两边有很多树。Neither of the books is good.这两本书都不好。4both 与 allboth 两者都 否定词 neitherall 三者及三者以上全都 否定词 none短语 both. and.意为“和都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。on both sideson each/either side 在两旁There are many tall trees on either side of the road.道路两边有许多高大的
12、树木。两词在句中放在实义动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词后，也可与 of 连用后接主语。We are both students, and both of us like sports.我们俩都是学生，也都喜欢运动。You can both swim, cant you？你们俩都会游泳，对吗？65a little, little, a few, few 的区别肯定意义 否定意义 后接名词a little little 不可数名词a few few 可数名词复数There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。There is little water
13、in the bottle.瓶子里几乎没有水。He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。a little, little 可以用作副词。在反义疑问句中，little 和 few 的附加疑问句部分用肯定形式。6other, the other, another, others, the others单词 词义 用法other 其他的 后接单数或复数名词the other 两个人或物中的另一个常构成 one., theother.another 另一个后接单数名词或“数字复数名词”others 另外的人或物 是 other 的复数
14、形式the others 其他所有相当于 the rest 或“the other名词复数”7.复合不定代词somebody某人anybody任何人nobody没有人everybody每个人someone某人anyone任何人no one没有人everyone每人something某事anything任何事nothing没有东西everything每件事复合不定代词的用法基本与 some, any 一 致。修饰复合不定代词的形容词要后置。I have something interesting to tell you.我有些有趣的事情要告诉你。78much 与 manymuch 修饰不可数名词
15、much 与 many 都表示“很多，许多”，在句中可以作主语、宾语和定语many 修饰可数名词单项选择1(2018湖北黄冈中考)Did Qingdao show to the world during the SCO Summit (上海合作组织峰会)?Sure! Her beauty, high technology and rapid development.Asomething special Banything special Cspecial something Dspecial anything2(2018湖北武汉中考)Do you know where the last two
16、 Pictures went?A millionaire bought of them. He thought they were worth.Aeither Beach Cnone Dboth3(2018浙江温州中考)Do you like rock music or light music? . I like Beijing Opera.AEither BNone CBoth DNeither4(2018湖北随州中考)Im worried about tomorrows talent show.Be confident! If you dont believe in yourself, w
17、ill.Anobody Banybody Ceverybody Dsomebody5(2018上海中考)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and is noisy.Aanother Bthe other Cother Dothers考点六 疑问代词疑问代词有 what, who, whom, whose, which 等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首。Whats your name？你叫什么名字？注意疑问代词构成的一些固定句式，如 What does sb. look like?单词 词义 用法who 谁 作主语、表语、宾语whom
18、谁 作宾语，是 who 的宾格whose 谁的 作定语、主语、表语、宾语，是 who 的所8有格形式what 什么 作主语、表语、宾语、定语which 哪个 作主语、表语、宾语、定语单项选择1(2018江苏盐城中考) do you plan to buy?I havent made up my mind. Ill just look around.AWho BHow CWhy DWhat2(2018黑龙江哈尔滨中考改编)Qingdao is a beautiful city Ive ever been to.So it is. Many international meetings are h
19、eld there every year.Awhose Bwhich Cwhat Dwho考点七 it 的用法1特指上文提到的事物。Wheres your office？你的办公室在哪里？Its on the third floor.在三楼。2指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人。Who is the person over there？在那儿的人是谁？It may be the headmaster.可能是校长。3指天气、时间、距离等。Its about eight oclock.大约 8 点了。4在固定句型中作形式主语。It is adj.(for sb.) to do sth.做某事(对某人
20、来说)是It is adj.(of sb.) to do sth.(某人)这么做真是太Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事Its time (for sb.) to do sth.是(某人)做某事的时候了Its said/believed/reported that.据说/人们认为/据报道It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费多少时间做某事It is/has been时间段since从句(过去时)9自从以来，已经有时间了5作形式宾语。I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语
21、很重要。单项选择1(2018四川凉山中考)I cant find my English book. Have you seen ？Oh, sorry. I have taken by mistake.Athem; my Bthem; your Cit; m ine Dit; yours2(2018四川眉山中考)We find impossible for us a foreign language well in a short time.Aone; learn Bit; to learn Cthat; to learn Dthis; learning考点八 one 的用法one 指代可数名词
22、，既可指人，也可指物。它既可以单独使用，也可以放在单数可数名词前作定语。1单独使用时，泛指“人” “一个人” “人们”。One should do ones best all the time.一个人无论何时都应尽自己最大努力。2表示具体的“一个人”或“一件事物”。He is not one who is easy to work with.他不是一个容易共事的人。3代替上文已出现过的单数可数名词，表示泛指意义，以避免重复，ones 代替可数名词复数。I dont like this sweater. Will you please show me another one？我不喜欢这件毛衣。你
23、能再给我拿一件吗？单项选择1(2018江苏泰州中考)More and more people give out “red packets” on WeChat to celebrate festivals.Thats true. I have just received from my friend.Ait Bthat Cone Dthem2(2018安徽中考)The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.Really? Lets go and buy for our new kitchen.Aone Bit Cthat Dthem3(2018江苏宿迁中考)Excuse me, I want some books, but I cant find a bookshop here.I know on my way home. Come with me, please.10Athis Bone Cit Dthat参考答案考点一13 ACB考点二14 CCBA考点三12 DB考点四B考点五15 BDDAB考点六12 DB考点七12 DB考点八13 CAB
