2018_2019学年高中地理每日一题山西能源基地的环境保护与治理(含解析)新人教版必修3.doc

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1、1山西能源基地的环境保护与治理高考频度: 难易程度:山西省是我国重要的煤炭基地,合理开发和利用煤炭资源直接影响到山西省乃至全国的可持续发展。读图回答下列问题。简析煤炭资源的开采可能引发的主要生态问题,并提出相应的治理对策。【答案】生态问题:采空区岩层断裂、塌陷,继而引发地表沉陷;破坏土地资源,造成土地退化;大量煤矸石等弃置不用,占用大量土地资源;煤矸石还会自燃引发火灾等。措施:回填采空区;保护好地表土层;进行复垦;开展煤矸石等废弃物的再利用。山西能源基地的环境保护与治理1必要性(1)开采过程中破坏生态环境。2(2)综合利用过程中污染环境。2方法和手段(1)提高煤的利用技术水平。(2)调整产业结

2、构。(3) “三废”的治理。山西省焦煤资源丰富,品质好,所生产的冶金焦供应全国并出口。随着国家相关政策和法规的实施,山西省原有的 1800 余家小焦化厂逐步关停,至 2014 年已形成 4 个千万吨级焦化园区和 14 个 500 万吨级焦化园区。下图示意 1994 年和 2014 年山西省焦化厂布局的变化。据此完成 13 题。 31山西省原有小焦化厂数量众多的原因有A市场需求量较小 B劳动力资源不足C政策法规不健全 D焦煤分布较分散2山西逐步关停小焦化场的主要目的是促进地方经济发展 减轻焦煤在生产和运输过程中的污染提高焦煤的综合利用率 提高人口就业率A B C D3大型焦化厂产业园区建立后应A立足开拓海外市场 B大力发展清洁生产C提倡焦煤开放运输 D补给长江河水【答案】1C 2C 3B

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