2018届九年级化学上册第4章认识化学变化第3节化学方程式第1课时导学案无答案沪教版201901162128.doc

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1、0第 3 节 化学方程式(第一课时)一、目标定向1、能准确描述化学方程式的含义。2、能正确书写简单的化学方程式。二、个体自学(阅读教材、思考问题)1、 叫化学方程式。2、书写化学方程式应遵循的原则:(1) ;(2) 。三、同伴互导1、小组内相互交流基础知识的对错。2、小组选出代表展示基础学习的成果。四、教师解难化学方程式的配平(1) C + O 2 CO2(2) Mg + O 2 MgO (3) Fe + O 2 Fe3O4(4) H 2 + O2 H2O(5) P + O 2 P2O5(6) CO + O 2 CO2(7) KMnO 4 K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2(8) H 2O2

2、 H2O + O2(9) H 2O H2 + O2(10) CaCO 3 + HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO21点燃点燃 MnO2点燃(11)CO 2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O五、练习检测1下列化学方程式书写正确的是 ( )AH 2+O2H 2O BMg+O 2MgO 2 C3Fe+2O 2Fe 3O4 DH 2O2H 2O+O22在反应 Cu+4HNO3Cu(NO 3)2 +2X+2H2O 中 X 的化学式是 ( )AN 2O5 BN 2 CNO DNO 23下图形象地表示某反应前后反应物与生成物分子及其数目的变化, 、 、分别表示 A、B、C 三种不同物质的分子

3、。该反应的化学方程式中 A、B、C 前的化学计量数之比为 ( )A. 143 B. l32 C. 3l2 D. 3134配平下列化学方程式(1) Al + O 2 Al2O3(2) CO+ Fe 2O3 Fe+ CO2六、补充学习1用 X 表示某化合物的化学式,X 燃烧时发生如下反应:X3O 2 3CO23H 2O。由此,下列说法正确的是 ( )AX 由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成 BX 的相对分子质量为 56CX 中碳的质量分数为 75 D X 的化学式为 C3H62由 A、B、C、D 四种元素组成的单质或化合物相互间可以发生如下反应,其中属于化合反应的是 ( )2B 2C 2B2C 2 A2BDAD 2B 2 3A2C 2 A3C4 A(CB) 22BDAD 22B 2CA B C D3有 A 物质 36g,在一定条件下完全分解生成 4g B 气体和气体 C,这些 C 气体在一定条件下与一定量的 D 恰好完全化合,生成 44g E,则参加反应的 D 的质量为 ( )A.12g B.10g C.16g D.21g4配平下列化学方程式(1) Cu + O 2 CuO(2) Fe + HCl FeCl2 + H2(3) CH 4+ O2 CO2+ H2O高温

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